Effect of Zinc Intake on Mental and Motor Development in Infants: A Meta-Analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 203-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariela Nissensohn ◽  
Almudena Sánchez-Villegas ◽  
Daniel Fuentes Lugo ◽  
Patricia Henríquez Sánchez ◽  
Jorge Doreste Alonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Development ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Psychomotor Development ◽  
Zinc Intake ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Mental Development Index ◽  
Psychomotor Development Index ◽  
Substantial Heterogeneity

A systematic review and meta-analysis of available randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to evaluate the effect of zinc (Zn) intake on mental and motor development in infants. Out of 5500 studies identified through electronic searches and reference lists, 5 RCTs were selected after applying the exclusion/inclusion criteria. The influence of Zn intake on mental and motor development was considered in the overall meta-analysis. Other variables were also taken into account as possible effect modifiers: doses of Zn intake, intervention duration, nutritional situation, and risk of bias. Indices of mental and motor development assessed were the Mental Development Index (MDI) and Psychomotor Development Index (PDI). Additionally we carried out a sensitivity analysis. The pooled β was -0.01 (95 %CI -0.02, 0) for MDI and 0 (95 %CI -0.03, 0.02) for PDI, with a substantial heterogeneity in both analyses. When we performed a meta-regression, the effect of Zn supplementation on MDI changed depending on the dose of supplementation. Regarding PDI, there was a differential effect of Zn intake depending on intervention duration, dose of supplementation, nutritional situation, and risk of bias. Zn supplementation showed a negative, weak and significant effect on PDI score in those studies with a length of 4 to 20 weeks (β= -0.05; CI 95 % -0.06 to -0.04). In conclusion, no association was found between Zn intake and mental and motor development in infants. Further standardized research is urgently needed to clarify the role of Zn supplementation upon infant mental and motor development, particularly in Europe.

scholarly journals The Bayley-III scale may underestimate neurodevelopmental disability after cardiac surgery in infants

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
Andrew B Goldstone ◽  
Michael Baiocchi ◽  
David Wypij ◽  
Christian Stopp ◽  
Dean B Andropoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Mental Development ◽  
Psychomotor Development ◽  
Absolute Difference ◽  
Systematic Bias ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Mental Development Index ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disability ◽  
Psychomotor Development Index ◽  
Bayley Scales

Abstract OBJECTIVES Neurodevelopmental disability is the most common complication among congenital heart surgery survivors. The Bayley scales are standardized instruments to assess neurodevelopment. The most recent edition (Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development 3rd Edition, Bayley-III) yields better-than-expected scores in typically developing and high-risk infants than the second edition (Bayley Scales of Infant Development 2nd Edition, BSID-II). We compared BSID-II and Bayley-III scores in infants undergoing cardiac surgery. METHODS We evaluated 2198 infants who underwent operations with cardiopulmonary bypass between 1996 and 2009 at 26 institutions. We used propensity score matching to limit confounding by indication in a subset of patients (n = 705). RESULTS Overall, unadjusted Bayley-III motor scores were higher than BSID-II Psychomotor Development Index scores (90.7 ± 17.2 vs 77.6 ± 18.8, P < 0.001), and unadjusted Bayley-III composite cognitive and language scores were higher than BSID-II Mental Development Index scores (92.0 ± 15.4 vs 88.2 ± 16.7, P < 0.001). In the propensity-matched analysis, Bayley-III motor scores were higher than BSID-II Psychomotor Development Index scores [absolute difference 14.1, 95% confidence interval (CI) 11.7–17.6; P < 0.001] and the Bayley-III classified fewer children as having severe [odds ratio (OR) 0.24; 95% CI 0.14–0.42] or mild-to-moderate impairment (OR 0.21; 95% CI 0.14–0.32). The composite of Bayley-III cognitive and language scores was higher than BSID-II Mental Development Index scores (absolute difference 4.0, 95% CI 1.4–6.7; P = 0.003), but there was no difference between Bayley editions in the proportion of children classified as having severe cognitive and language impairment. CONCLUSIONS The Bayley-III yielded higher scores than the BSID-II and classified fewer children as severely impaired. The systematic bias towards higher scores with the Bayley-III precludes valid comparisons between early and contemporary cardiac surgery cohorts.

The Kent Infant Development Scale: Concurrent and Predictive Validity of a Modified Administration

1987 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 887-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Morrow-Tlucak ◽  
Claire B. Ernhart ◽  
Cherie L. Liddle
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Psychomotor Development ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Mental Development Index ◽  
Psychomotor Development Index ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Bayley Scales

A modified administration of the Kent Infant Development Scale for infants 6 to 8 mo. old was used in a prospective study of risk factors in infant development. The Mental Development Index and Psychomotor Development Index of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development were also administered at 6 mo., the Mental Index only at 1 and 2 yr. and the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale at age 3. The modified administration is described. Concurrent validity with the 6-mo. Bayley scales was substantial. Adequate predictive validity for 1- and 2-yr. Bayley scores and 3-yr. Stanford-Binet IQ was achieved with the Kent as compared to the predictive ability of the 6-mo. Bayley index.

scholarly journals DNA methylation at birth potentially mediates the association between prenatal lead (Pb) exposure and infant neurodevelopmental outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine A Rygiel ◽  
Dana C Dolinoy ◽  
Kelly M Bakulski ◽  
Max T Aung ◽  
Wei Perng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Psychomotor Development ◽  
Effect Estimate ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Mental Development Index ◽  
Psychomotor Development Index ◽  
Pb Exposure

Abstract Early-life lead (Pb) exposure has been linked to adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. Recent evidence has indicated a critical role of DNA methylation (DNAm) in cognition, and Pb exposure has also been shown to alter DNAm. However, it is unknown whether DNAm is part of the mechanism of Pb neurotoxicity. This longitudinal study investigated the associations between trimester-specific (T1, T2, and T3) maternal blood Pb concentrations, gene-specific DNAm in umbilical cord blood, and infant neurodevelopmental outcomes at 12 and 24 months of age (mental development index, psychomotor development index, and behavioral rating scale of orientation/engagement and emotional regulation) among 85 mother–infant pairs from the Early Life Exposure in Mexico to Environmental Toxicants (ELEMENT) study. In the mediation analysis for this pilot study, P < 0.1 was considered significant. DNAm at a locus in CCSER1 (probe ID cg02901723) mediated the association between T2 Pb on 24-month orientation/engagement [indirect effect estimate 4.44, 95% confidence interval (−0.09, 10.68), P = 0.06] and emotional regulation [3.62 (−0.05, 8.69), P = 0.05]. Cg18515027 (GCNT1) DNAm mediated the association of T1 Pb [−4.94 (−10.6, −0.77), P = 0.01] and T2 Pb [−3.52 (−8.09, −0.36), P = 0.02] with 24-month EMOCI, but there was a positive indirect effect estimate between T2 Pb and 24-month psychomotor development index [1.25 (−0.11, 3.32), P = 0.09]. The indirect effect was significant for cg19703494 (TRAPPC6A) DNAm in the association between T2 Pb and 24-month mental development index [1.54 (0, 3.87), P = 0.05]. There was also an indirect effect of cg23280166 (VPS11) DNAm on T3 Pb and 24-month EMOCI [2.43 (−0.16, 6.38), P = 0.08]. These associations provide preliminary evidence for gene-specific DNAm as mediators between prenatal Pb and adverse cognitive outcomes in offspring.

scholarly journals Rich micronutrient fortification of locally produced infant food does not improve mental and motor development of Zambian infants: a randomised controlled trial

2011 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 556-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Manno ◽  
Priscilla K. Kowa ◽  
Hellen K. Bwalya ◽  
Joshua Siame ◽  
Sally Grantham-McGregor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Development ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Psychomotor Development ◽  
Infant Food ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Micronutrient Fortification ◽  
Bayley Scales

It is uncertain whether multiple micronutrients benefit the mental and psychomotor development of young children in developing countries. We conducted a randomised double-blind controlled trial to evaluate the effect of a richly micronutrient-fortifiedv.a basal fortified porridge on mental and psychomotor development in Zambian infants. Infants (n743) were randomised at age 6 months to receive either the richly fortified or the basal fortified infant food and were followed up until 18 months of age. All the infants were evaluated monthly for achievement of a series of developmental milestones. The Bayley scales of infant development II were administered to a subsample of 502 infants at 6, 12 and 18 months. Rich micronutrient fortification had no significant benefit on the following: (a) number of developmental milestones achieved (rate ratio at 12 months = 1·00; 95 % CI 0·96, 1·05;P = 0·81, adjusted for sex, socio-economic status and maternal education, with similar results at 15 and 18 months); (b) ages of walking unsupported (hazard ratio (HR) 1·04; 95 % CI 0·88, 1·24;P = 0·63, adjusted for the above covariates) and of speaking three or four clear words (HR 1·01; 95 % CI 0·84, 1·20;P = 0·94, adjusted for the above covariates); (c) mental development index (MDI) and psychomotor development index (PDI) of the Bayley scales (scores difference adjusted for baseline scores, age at the assessment, sex, socio-economic status, maternal education, language, age and HIV status: MDI 0·3 (95 % CI − 0·5, 1·1),P = 0·43; PDI − 0·1 (95 % CI − 0·9, 0·7),P = 0·78). In conclusion, the results do not support the hypothesis that rich micronutrient fortification improves Zambian infants' mental and motor development.

scholarly journals Role of personality disorder in randomised controlled trials of pharmacological interventions for adults with mood disorders: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e025145
Author(s):  
Bianca E Kavanagh ◽  
Sharon Lee Brennan-Olsen ◽  
Alyna Turner ◽  
Olivia M Dean ◽  
Michael Berk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Pharmacological Interventions ◽  
Randomised Controlled

IntroductionRemission rates for mood disorders, including depressive and bipolar disorders, remain relatively low despite available treatments, and many patients fail to respond adequately to these interventions. Evidence suggests that personality disorder may play a role in poor outcomes. Although personality disorders are common in patients with mood disorders, it remains unknown whether personality disorder affects treatment outcomes in mood disorders. We aim to review currently available evidence regarding the role of personality disorder on pharmacological interventions in randomised controlled trials for adults with mood disorders.Methods and analysisA systematic search of Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Clinical Trials (CENTRAL) via cochranelibrary.com, PubMed via PubMed, EMBASE via embase.com, PsycINFO via Ebsco and CINAHL Complete via Ebsco databases will be conducted to identify randomised controlled trials that have investigated pharmacological interventions in participants aged 18 years or older for mood disorders (ie, depressive disorders and bipolar spectrum disorders) and have also included assessment of personality disorder. One reviewer will screen studies against the predetermined eligibility criteria, and a second reviewer will confirm eligible studies. Data will be extracted by two independent reviewers. Methodological quality and risk of bias will be assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. A systematic review, and if sufficient evidence is identified, a meta-analysis will be completed. Meta-analysis will be conducted using the standardised mean difference approach and reported with 95% CIs. A random effects model will be employed and statistical heterogeneity will be evaluated using the I2 statistic. Prespecified subgroup analyses will be completed.Ethics and disseminationAs this systematic review will use published data, ethics permission will not be required. The outcomes of this systematic review will be published in a relevant scientific journal and presented at a research conference.Trial registration numberCRD42018089279.

Successful Renal Transplantation Accelerates Development in Young Uremic Children

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 594-600
Author(s):  
Ira D. Davis ◽  
Pi-Nian Chang ◽  
Thomas E. Nevins
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Transplantation ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Standard Deviation Score ◽  
Mental Development ◽  
Psychomotor Development ◽  
Paired Data ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Mental Development Index ◽  
The Impact

To examine the impact of renal transplantation on subsequent development of children with chronic renal failure, 37 children undergoing primary renal transplantation at or before 30 months of age whose allograft functioned for at least 1 year were prospectively studied. Psychometric tests were performed an average of 4 months before transplantation; reevaluation was done an average of 14 months after surgery. Comparison of individual pretransplantation and posttransplantation mental development scores in 33 patients, assessed by either Bayley Mental Development Index or Stanford-Binet Intelligence Quotient, revealed an average increase of 12.6 (P < .001). After transplantation, there was a significant improvement in mental performance in 12 of 18 patients (P < .02) from the range of mild delay (Mental Development Index or Stanford-Binet IQ score = 50 to 69) to the range of normal mental development (70). The Bayley Psychomotor Development Index scores were frequently lower than Mental Development Index scores and also increased an average of 14.4 (P < .01) after transplantation in all 12 patients with paired data. Significant individual improvement in occipital-frontal circumference standard deviation score (P < .001) was noted in 24 children after transplantation. It is concluded that successful renal transplantation in young children with chronic renal failure is often associated with significant improvements in cognitive and psychomotor function, as well as improved cephalic growth.

scholarly journals The Role of Physical Activity as Conservative Treatment for Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis in Older People: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biagio Zampogna ◽  
Rocco Papalia ◽  
Giuseppe Francesco Papalia ◽  
Stefano Campi ◽  
Sebastiano Vasta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Hip Osteoarthritis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Aquatic Exercise

The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to determine the role of physical activity as a conservative treatment for older people with knee or hip osteoarthritis. The effect on pain, physical function, stiffness, quality of life, and dynamic balance of Aquatic Exercise, Land-based Exercise, and Sports were compared in a specific population composed of osteoarthritic patients aged 65 or over. A systematic search using Pubmed-Medline, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library was carried out to select randomized clinical trials, observational studies, or case series that evaluated outcome measures after physical activity. Twenty randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and two case series were included in this review. Four trials were at low risk of bias (A), 12 at unclear risk of bias (B), and four at high risk of bias (C). Compared to controls, Aquatic Exercise, Land-based Exercise, Tai Chi, and Yoga showed a small to high effect for improving pain, physical function, quality of life, and stiffness. Active exercise and sport are effective to improve pain and physical function in elderly people with osteoarthritis. Nevertheless, further studies are required to validate the use of land-based exercise, aquatic exercise, or sport to treat the symptoms of older adults that suffer from knee and hip osteoarthritis.

Follow-up in Neonatal Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO)

1995 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 584-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.B. Geven ◽  
L.A.J. Nabuurs-Korhman ◽  
J.M. van Kessel-Feddema ◽  
C. Festen
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Neurological Status ◽  
Mental Development ◽  
Psychomotor Development ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Mental Development Index ◽  
Respiratory Status ◽  
Developmental Index ◽  
One Year

In 34 survivors of the first 43 ECMO patients from our institution before discharge to another hospital or home an EEG, BAER, Head Ultrasonography, cerebral CT scan, Dubowitz score and ophthalmological inspection were performed. At one year of age Mental Developmental Index of the Bayley scales, Motor Quotient as well as pulmonary and neurological status were assessed. In 29 patients follow-up took place in our hospital. In 17 of them (59%) all tests before discharge were normal, 2 patients (7%) showed an abnormal BAER, an additional 5 patients (17%) had abnormal EEG and 2 patients (7%) had abnormal HUS in combination with abnormal cerebral CT scan. In 19 patients (33%) the Dubowitz score was abnormal at discharge. At one year of age neurological status was normal in 25 (86%) patients, respiratory status was normal in 22 (76%) and Mental Development Index was > 80 in 23 of the patients (79%). A significant correlation between Mental Development Index and Motor Quotient was found r=0.50, p=0.0065. It is concluded that more than one abnormal neurophysiological test before discharge may identify patients with additional risks for adverse outcome and that the respiratory status influenced psychomotor development at one year of age.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document