Higher Absorption of Vitamin C from Food than from Supplements by Breastfeeding Mothers at Early Stages of Lactation

2016 ◽  
Vol 86 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 81-87
Author(s):  
Dorota Martysiak-Żurowska ◽  
Maciej Zagierski ◽  
Ewa Woś-Wasilewska ◽  
Agnieszka Szlagatys-Sidorkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Lactation Stage

Abstract.The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of vitamin C supply in the diet of lactating women on vitamin C concentrations in human milk (n = 97) sampled at different stages of lactation. Vitamin C levels were measured by liquid chromatography. Dietary intake of vitamin C was determined based on 3-day food dairies kept by breastfeeding mothers. Maternal dietary intakes of vitamin C from natural sources on lactation day 90 (n = 18) were significantly higher than on lactation days 15 (n = 42) and 30 (n = 37). The number of women taking vitamin C supplements decreased in successive stages of lactation. The average daily intake of vitamin C was estimated at 119 mg, but nearly 20% of mothers consumed less than 50 mg of vitamin C per day. No significant correlations were observed between lactation stage and vitamin C levels in breast milk (r = 0.110, p = 0.064). The average vitamin C concentrations in human breast milk were determined at 50.9 mg / L, and were not higher than 80.6 mg / L regardless of lactation stage and maternal intake of vitamin C. Vitamin C excretion into breast milk is regulated to prevent exceeding saturation level. The vitamin C concentration in milk was positive correlated with maternal intake of vitamin C from food, in the case of non-supplemented diet (r = 0.402, p = 0.041). Our results suggest that vitamin C occurring in food is much better absorbed and passes into breast milk than vitamin C from supplements.

Evaluation of the effect of vitamin C and E supplementation on human breast milk antioxidant capacity

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (13) ◽  
pp. S237
Author(s):  
Zarban Asghar ◽  
Taheri Fatemeh ◽  
Vejdan Morteza ◽  
Mostafavi Mahsa ◽  
Jafari Masomeh
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast

Excretion of Iohexol and Metrizoate in Human Breast Milk

1987 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 523-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. T. Nielsen ◽  
I. Matheson ◽  
J. N. Rasmussen ◽  
K. Skinnemoen ◽  
E. Andrew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Decay Curve ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Slow Decay ◽  
Contrast Medium Injection

Six lactating women undergoing contrast media examination had milk and blood taken to determine the rate and extent of excretion of iohexol (Omnipaque) (four mothers) and metrizoate (Isopaque) (two mothers). Blood samples were taken up to 45 minutes and milk samples up to 48 hours after the contrast medium injection. The excretion was low, reaching a maximum at 3 to 6 hours and showing a slow decay curve (t 1/2 = 15 to 108 hours). One mother, who was weaning her baby, showed a different excretion pattern. The amount excreted during 24 hours was about 0.5 per cent of the weight adjusted maternal dose for both iohexol and metrizoate. It is not likely, that such a low dose of poorly absorbed drug would cause any adverse effects in the infant, unless it is hypersensitive to the drug already. The authors consider breast feeding to be acceptable for mothers receiving iohexol or metrizoate.

Perfluorinated carboxylic acids in human breast milk from Spain and estimation of infant's daily intake

2016 ◽  
Vol 544 ◽  
pp. 595-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Motas Guzmàn ◽  
Chiara Clementini ◽  
Maria Dolores Pérez-Cárceles ◽  
Sandra Jiménez Rejón ◽  
Aurora Cascone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Perfluorinated Carboxylic Acids

Human Breast Milk Contamination in the United States and Canada by Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Insecticides and Industrial Pollutants: Current Status

1992 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward J. Calabrese
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
The United States ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Organochlorine Insecticide ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Chlorinated Hydrocarbon ◽  
The Past

Widespread contamination of human breast milk with chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides has been repeatedly documented in population surveys in the United States and Canada over the past two decades. Unfortunately, it was not until the most recently published assessments that a strong effort has been made to apply proper biostatistical sampling methodologies to such surveys. This deficiency, along with frequent omission of information on variables known to affect the levels of such contaminants in breast milk, makes precise historical comparisons difficult. Given these uncertainties, it appears that organochlorine insecticide residues in human breast milk have not noticeably changed over the past two decades in the United States despite the regulatory restriction placed on several of these substances, such as DDT, since 1970. The surveys have revealed that total DDT levels continue to approach and exceed the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) level recommended by WHO. Perhaps of greatest concern is the ubiquitous contamination by polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) of breast milk, with levels of the upper 30% of the population being within a factor of 10 of those levels producing adverse health effects in humans and monkeys. The carcinogenic risk assessment for consumption of PCB-contaminated breast milk is also discussed.

scholarly journals Quantification of non-persistent pesticides in small volumes of human breast milk with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass-spectrometry

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa L Pedersen ◽  
Jennifer T Smilowitz ◽  
Carl K Winter ◽  
Shiva Emami ◽  
Rebecca J Schmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
Volume Method

Existing methods for the analysis of pesticides in breast milk involves multiple extraction steps requiring large sample and solvent volumes, which can be a major obstacle in large epidemiologic studies. Here, we developed a simple, low-volume method for extracting organophosphates, pyrethroids, carbamates, atrazine and imidacloprid from 100-200 microliters of human breast milk. We tested microwave-assisted acid/base digestion and double solvent extraction with 2 or 20 mL of 2:1 (v/v) dichloromethane/hexane, with or without subsequent solid phase extraction (SPE) clean-up. Samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass-spectrometry. Analyte recoveries and reproducibility were highest when 100-200 microliters milk were extracted with 2 mL of dichloromethane/hexane without subsequent SPE steps. Analysis of 79 breast milk samples using this method revealed the presence of carbamates, organophsphates, pyrethroids and imidacloprid at detection frequencies of 79-96%, 53-90%, 1-7% and 61%, respectively. This study provides a simple, low-volume method for measuring pesticides in human breast milk.

Human breast milk concentration of neopterin at various stages of lactation and during a single feeding

Pteridines ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-77
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Plata-Nazar ◽  
Ewa Woś-Wasilewska ◽  
Agnieszka Szlagatys-Sidorkiewcz ◽  
Grażyna Łuczak ◽  
Maciej Zagierski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Physiological Level ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Lactation Stage ◽  
Neopterin Concentration ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Immunoenzymatic Assay

AbstractThe aim of this work was to determine the physiological level of neopterin in human breast milk, and to study its variability depending on the duration of a single feeding and the lactation stage. Breast milk samples from 74 women were collected between 2 and 4 days after delivery, and at 15, 30, and 90 days after delivery. Additionally, breast milk samples from eight women were collected before and after 7 and 15 min of breastfeeding. The concentration of neopterin in breast milk was determined by an immunoenzymatic assay. The range of breast milk neopterin concentration at various stages of lactation amounted to 15.4–19.2 nmol/L at 2–4 days after delivery, 20.2–23.0 nmol/L at day 15, 20.8–24.5 nmol/L at day 30, and 16.9–20.4 nmol/L at day 90. The level of neopterin 2–4 days after delivery was significantly lower than that at days 15 and 30; moreover, the concentration of neopterin at day 30 was significantly higher than that at day 90. No significant differences were documented between neopterin concentrations at various phases of a single feeding. While the breast milk concentration of neopterin changes depending on the stage of lactation, it remains stable throughout a single feeding.

Alteration of secretory IgA in human breast milk and stool samples after the intake of a probiotic — report of 2 cases

Open Medicine ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petar Nikolov ◽  
Marta Baleva
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Mucosal Immune Response ◽  
Lactobacillus Bulgaricus ◽  
Secretory Iga ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
And Control

AbstractOnly a few studies reveal immunological changes in breast milk after the intake of probiotic and none focus on secretory IgA (sIgA). The aim our report was to investigate the levels of sIgA in human breast milk and stools before and after 4 weeks of probiotic intake in a patient with ulcerative colitis (UC) and a control. The study included 2 lactating women: 1 with UC and 1 control. Both received daily 3.75 billion viable Lactobacillus bulgaricus for 28 days. SIgA was measured in breast milk and stools before and after the probiotic intake. The concentration of sIgA in breast milk before the probiotic intake in UC was 408.5 vs 137.4 µg/ml in contol. Fecal sIgA in UC was 420 vs 274 µg/ml in control. After 28 days of probiotic intake there was a decrease in breast milk sIgA in UC but an increase in control — 266.7 vs 914 µg/ml respectively. There was an increase in fecal sIgA both in UC and control — 674.4 vs 1033 µg/ml. It is tempting to speculate that the different sIgA secretion towards the probiotic may be a result of an altered mucosal immune response in UC.

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