scholarly journals A Critical Review on Balachaturbhadra Churna: An Effective Ayurveda Formulation for the Pediatric Age

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Abhishek Joshi ◽  
Shrikrishna Rajagopala ◽  
Patel Kalpana S.
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Therapeutic Use ◽  
Pediatric Age ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Dose Levels ◽  
The Impact

Balachaturbhadra Churna offers a multitude of health benefits for which it has become so poapular prescription by Kaumarbhritya practioners of Ayurveda. It is a combination of four drugs Musta, Pippali, Ativisha and Karkatashringi. This combination was first mentioned in Chakradatta and has been in practice since a millennium. Many queries have been raised on the usage of Aconite species of drugs recently, thus doubting the safety and efficacy of Balachaturbhadra Churna. Very few works have been published on Balachaturbhadra Churna till now. The aim of the present study was to compile and review such available references from classics and research works published on Balachaturbhadra Churna. Total five studies are published on Balachaturbhadra Churna, which revalidated the impact of classical guidelines. The research papers revealed standards of Quality Control and pharmacological efficacy of the drug. All the experimental studies revealed that Balachaturbhadra Churna is having no toxic hazards at very higher Dose levels, proving it safe for therapeutic use. Though certain limitations were observed in these researches, the results can be considered as a lead for further well stratified clinical studies.

Safety and efficacy of commercially available demineralised bone matrix preparations: A critical review of clinical studies

Injury ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. S13-S21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios I. Drosos ◽  
Konstantinos I. Kazakos ◽  
Pavlos Kouzoumpasis ◽  
Dionisios-Alexandros Verettas
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Demineralised Bone Matrix ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Demineralised Bone

scholarly journals THE MOLECULAR MECHANISM OF LACTOFERRIN INFLUENCE ON BONE FORMATION

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-22
Author(s):  
P E Sadchikov ◽  
I L Goldman ◽  
S V Razin ◽  
A D Chernousov ◽  
L I Alekseeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Postmenopausal Osteoporosis ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Specific Receptors ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

In present critical review of systematized materials on the breakthrough achievements of the last decade - the discovery of the effect of protein lactoferrin (LF) on bone formation. It is shownthat LF increases the number of osteoblasts, stimulate their proliferation and differentiation, and prevents their destruction. Action of LF exceeds that of many other previously established bone-forming factors. LF increases the ability of osteoblasts to synthesize and mineralize bone matrix. Apparently, the effect of LF on bone anabolism ensured by the presence of specific receptors on osteoblasts. It was found that LF also inhibits the formation of osteoclasts. Experimental studies have demonstrated that LF prevents the destruction of bone tissue in ovariectomizedanimals and, thus, developing the type of postmenstrual osteoporosis in women. We get the first clinical studies demonstrating an increase in the period of healing of bone injuries while reducing the level of endogenous LF. Since molecular research establishes that the expression of the LF gene is regulated by estrogen, which reduces the development of postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) in women, there is a need to further investigate the relationship of these processes, which will help to create a basis for the management of bone formation.

scholarly journals Challenges in Experimental Evaluation of Morphological, Chemo-Mechanical and Adhesive Properties of Glass-ionomer Based Dental Materials

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
Bojan Petrović ◽  
Evgenija Marković ◽  
Tamara Perić ◽  
Sanja Kojić
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Experimental Evaluation ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cements ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Adhesive Properties ◽  
Dental Tissues ◽  
New Material ◽  
The Impact

Changes in composition and new material characteristics require verification in clinical and experimental studies. Investigating glass-ionomer cements under laboratory conditions encounters problems in interpreting the results and in comparing them with other types of materials tested in the same way. As the connection between the glass-ionomer cements and the dental tissues is delicate, it is often the case that the impact of fractures and other artifacts is either underestimated or over-dimensioned when interpreting the results. A critical review was performed, with defining the main problems regarding the usage of SEM, EDX and nanoindentation techniques in glass-ionomer based materials evaluation.

Exneriana – II – The Scientific Legacy of John E. Exner, Jr. 1Part of this paper was presented at the XIXth International Congress of Rorschach and Projective Methods, July 22–26, 2008, Louvain, Belgium.

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Andronikof
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
International Congress ◽  
Response Process ◽  
Scientific Legacy ◽  
Projective Test ◽  
Projective Methods ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
Complex Mechanisms

Based on an analysis of John Exner’s peer-reviewed published work from 1959 to 2007, plus a brief comment for an editorial in Rorschachiana, the author draws a comprehensive picture of the scientific work of this outstanding personality. The article is divided into three sections: (1) the experimental studies on the Rorschach, (2) the clinical studies using the Rorschach, and (3) Exner’s “testament,” which we draw from the last paper he saw published before his death (Exner, 2001/2002). The experimental studies were aimed at better understanding the nature of the test, in particular the respective roles of perception and projection in the response process. These fundamental studies led to a deeper understanding of the complex mechanisms involved in the Rorschach responses and introduced some hypotheses about the intentions of the author of the test. The latter were subsequently confirmed by the preparatory sketches and documents of Hermann Rorschach, which today can be seen at the H. Rorschach Archives and Museum in Bern (Switzerland). Exner’s research has evidenced the notion that the Rorschach is a perceptive-cognitive-projective test.

Воздействиеультразвуковогополянадинамическуювязкостьводы

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-29
Author(s):  
P. Vikulin ◽  
K. Khlopov ◽  
M. Cherkashin
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Viscosity ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Ultrasonic Field ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Ultrasonic Frequency ◽  
Ultrasonic Vibrations ◽  
Wastewater Disposal ◽  
Laboratory Setup ◽  
Sonic Treatment ◽  
The Impact

Enhancing water purification processes is provided by various methods including physical ones, in particular, exposure to ultrasonic vibrations. The change in the dynamic viscosity of water affects the rate of deposition of particles in the aquatic environment which can be used in natural and wastewater treatment. At the Department Water Supply and Wastewater Disposal of the National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering experimental studies were conducted under laboratory conditions to study the effect of ultrasound on the change in the dynamic viscosity of water. A laboratory setup has been designed consisting of an ultrasonic frequency generator of the relative intensity, a transducer (concentrator) that transmits ultrasonic vibrations to the source water, and sonic treatment tanks. Experimental studies on the impact of the ultrasonic field in the cavitation mode on the dynamic viscosity of the aqueous medium were carried out the exposure time was obtained to achieve the maximum effect.Интенсификация процессов очистки воды осуществляется с помощью различных методов, в том числе и физических, в частности воздействием ультразвуковых колебаний. Изменение динамической вязкости воды влияет на скорость осаждения частиц в водной среде, что может быть использовано в процессах очистки природных и сточных вод. На кафедре Водоснабжение и водоотведение Национального исследовательского Московского государственного строительного университета в лабораторных условиях проведены экспериментальные исследования по изучению влияния ультразвука на изменение динамической вязкости воды. Разработана схема лабораторной установки, состоящая из генератора ультразвуковых частот с соответствующей интенсивностью, преобразователя (концентратора), передающего ультразвуковые колебания в исходную воду, и емкости для озвучивания. Выполнены экспериментальные исследования по влиянию ультразвукового поля в режиме кавитации на динамическую вязкость водной среды, получено время экспозиции для достижения максимального эффекта.

Family Influences on Youth Offending

2018 ◽  
pp. 377-403
Author(s):  
Abigail A. Fagan ◽  
Kristen M. Benedini
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Parental Violence ◽  
Youth Delinquency ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Children’S Exposure

This chapter reviews the degree to which empirical evidence demonstrates that families influence youth delinquency. Because they are most likely to be emphasized in life-course theories, this chapter focuses on parenting practices such as parental warmth and involvement, supervision and discipline of children, and child maltreatment. It also summarizes literature examining the role of children's exposure to parental violence, family criminality, and young (teenage) parents in affecting delinquency. Because life-course theories are ideally tested using longitudinal data, which allow examination of, in this case, the impact of parenting practices on children's subsequent behaviors, this chapter focuses on evidence generated from prospective studies conducted in the United States and other countries. It also discusses findings from experimental studies designed to reduce youth substance use and delinquency by improving the family environment.

scholarly journals Anthropomorphic Strategies Promote Wildlife Conservation through Empathy: The Moderation Role of the Public Epidemic Situation

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3565
Author(s):  
Dan Yue ◽  
Zepeng Tong ◽  
Jianchi Tian ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Linxiu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Behavioral Intention ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Wildlife Trade ◽  
Illegal Wildlife Trade ◽  
The Impact

The global illegal wildlife trade directly threatens biodiversity and leads to disease outbreaks and epidemics. In order to avoid the loss of endangered species and ensure public health security, it is necessary to intervene in illegal wildlife trade and promote public awareness of the need for wildlife conservation. Anthropomorphism is a basic and common psychological process in humans that plays a crucial role in determining how a person interacts with other non-human agents. Previous research indicates that anthropomorphizing nature entities through metaphors could increase individual behavioral intention of wildlife conservation. However, relatively little is known about the mechanism by which anthropomorphism influences behavioral intention and whether social context affects the effect of anthropomorphism. This research investigated the impact of negative emotions associated with a pandemic situation on the effectiveness of anthropomorphic strategies for wildlife conservation across two experimental studies. Experiment 1 recruited 245 college students online and asked them to read a combination of texts and pictures as anthropomorphic materials. The results indicated that anthropomorphic materials could increase participants’ empathy and decrease their wildlife product consumption intention. Experiment 2 recruited 140 college students online and they were required to read the same materials as experiment 1 after watching a video related to epidemics. The results showed that the effect of wildlife anthropomorphization vanished if participants’ negative emotion was aroused by the video. The present research provides experimental evidence that anthropomorphic strategies would be useful for boosting public support for wildlife conservation. However, policymakers and conservation organizations must be careful about the negative effects of the pandemic context, as the negative emotions produced by it seems to weaken the effectiveness of anthropomorphic strategies.

scholarly journals Image Statistics Preserving Encrypt-then-Compress Scheme Dedicated for JPEG Compression Standard

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 421
Author(s):  
Dariusz Puchala ◽  
Kamil Stokfiszewski ◽  
Mykhaylo Yatsymirskyy
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Image Encryption ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Quality Measures ◽  
Input Image ◽  
Jpeg Compression ◽  
Image Statistics ◽  
Compression Stage ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, the authors analyze in more details an image encryption scheme, proposed by the authors in their earlier work, which preserves input image statistics and can be used in connection with the JPEG compression standard. The image encryption process takes advantage of fast linear transforms parametrized with private keys and is carried out prior to the compression stage in a way that does not alter those statistical characteristics of the input image that are crucial from the point of view of the subsequent compression. This feature makes the encryption process transparent to the compression stage and enables the JPEG algorithm to maintain its full compression capabilities even though it operates on the encrypted image data. The main advantage of the considered approach is the fact that the JPEG algorithm can be used without any modifications as a part of the encrypt-then-compress image processing framework. The paper includes a detailed mathematical model of the examined scheme allowing for theoretical analysis of the impact of the image encryption step on the effectiveness of the compression process. The combinatorial and statistical analysis of the encryption process is also included and it allows to evaluate its cryptographic strength. In addition, the paper considers several practical use-case scenarios with different characteristics of the compression and encryption stages. The final part of the paper contains the additional results of the experimental studies regarding general effectiveness of the presented scheme. The results show that for a wide range of compression ratios the considered scheme performs comparably to the JPEG algorithm alone, that is, without the encryption stage, in terms of the quality measures of reconstructed images. Moreover, the results of statistical analysis as well as those obtained with generally approved quality measures of image cryptographic systems, prove high strength and efficiency of the scheme’s encryption stage.

scholarly journals Timing of Bisphosphonate Initiation After Fracture: What Does the Data Really Say?

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 215145932098036
Author(s):  
David W. Barton ◽  
C. Taylor Smith ◽  
Amit S. Piple ◽  
Sterling A. Moskal ◽  
Jonathan J. Carmouche
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Healing ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Osteoporosis Treatment ◽  
The Body ◽  
Non Union ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Level I ◽  
Timing Of Initiation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Published Research

Introduction: Osteoporosis is often not clinically recognized until after a fracture occurs. Individuals who have 1 fracture are at increased risk of future fractures. Prompt initiation of osteoporosis treatment following fracture is critical to reducing the rate of future fractures. Antiresorptives are the most widely used class of medications for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Many providers are hesitant to initiate antiresorptives in the acute post-fracture period. Concerns include interference with bone remodeling necessary for successful fracture healing, which would cause increased rates of non-union, malunion, and refracture. While such concerns should not extend to anabolic medications, physicians may also hesitate to initiate anabolic osteoporosis therapies due to high cost and/or lack of familiarity. This article aims to briefly review the available data and present a digestible narrative summary to familiarize practicing orthopaedic surgeons with the essential details of the published research on this topic. Results: The results of 20 clinical studies and key pre-clinical studies related to the effect of anti-resorptive medications for osteoporosis on fracture healing are summarized in the body of this narrative review. Discussion & Conclusions: While few level I studies have examined the impact of timing of initiation of osteoporosis medications in the acute post-fracture period, the few that have been published do not support these concerns. Specifically, data from level I clinical trials indicate that initiating bisphosphonates as early as 2 weeks post-fracture does not increase rates of non-union or malunion. By reviewing the available data, we hope to give clinicians the confidence to initiate osteoporosis treatment promptly post-fracture.

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