Bedrock Groundwater Catchment Area Unveils Rainfall‐Runoff Processes in Headwater Basins

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Masaoka ◽  
K. Kosugi ◽  
M. Fujimoto
Keyword(s):  
Catchment Area ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Headwater Basins

scholarly journals Possibility of Using Selected Rainfall-Runoff Models for Determining the Design Hydrograph in Mountainous Catchments: A Case Study in Poland

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Młyński ◽  
Andrzej Wałęga ◽  
Leszek Książek ◽  
Jacek Florek ◽  
Andrea Petroselli
Keyword(s):  
Catchment Area ◽  
Peak Flow ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Peak Flows ◽  
Mountainous Catchment ◽  
Mountainous Catchments ◽  
Relative Errors ◽  
Runoff Hydrographs

The aim of the study was to analyze the possibility of using selected rainfall-runoff models to determine the design hydrograph and the related peak flow in a mountainous catchment. The basis for the study was the observed series of hydrometeorological data for the Grajcarek catchment area (Poland) for the years 1981–2014. The analysis was carried out in the following stages: verification of hydrometeorological data; determination of the design rainfall; and determination of runoff hydrographs with the following rainfall-runoff models: Snyder, NRCS-UH, and EBA4SUB. The conducted research allowed the conclusion that the EBA4SUB model may be an alternative to other models in determining the design hydrograph in ungauged mountainous catchments. This is evidenced by the lower values of relative errors in the estimation of peak flows with an assumed frequency for the EBA4SUB model, as compared to Snyder and NRCS-UH.

Assessment of runoff contributing catchment areas in rainfall runoff modelling

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Thorndahl ◽  
C. Johansen ◽  
K. Schaarup-Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Catchment Area ◽  
Reduction Factor ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Impervious Surfaces ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Sewer Systems ◽  
Impervious Area ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Essential Parameter

In numerical modelling of rainfall caused runoff in urban sewer systems an essential parameter is the hydrological reduction factor which defines the percentage of the impervious area contributing to the surface flow towards the sewer. As the hydrological processes during a rainfall are difficult to determine with significant precision the hydrological reduction factor is implemented to account all hydrological losses except the initial loss. This paper presents an inconsistency between calculations of the hydrological reduction factor, based on measurements of rainfall and runoff, and till now recommended literature values for residential areas. It is proven by comparing rainfall-runoff measurements from four different residential catchments that the literature values of the hydrological reduction factor are over-estimated for this type of catchment. In addition, different catchment descriptions are presented in order to investigate how the hydrological reduction factor depends on the level of detail regarding the catchment description. When applying a total survey of the catchment area, including all possible impervious surfaces, a hydrological reduction factor of approximately 0.5 for residential areas with mainly detached houses is recommended–contrary to the literature recommended values of 0.7–0.9.

Catchment area-based evaluation of the AMC-dependent SCS-CN-based rainfall-runoff models

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (14) ◽  
pp. 2701-2718 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Mishra ◽  
M. K. Jain ◽  
R. P. Pandey ◽  
V. P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Catchment Area ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Scs Cn

scholarly journals Evaluation of catchment connectivity and storm runoff in flat terrain subject to urbanisation

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 6721-6758 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. V. Barron ◽  
D. W. Pollock ◽  
W. R. Dawes
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Hydrological Connectivity ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
River Catchment ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Contributing Catchment Area Analysis (CCAA) is a spatial analysis technique that allows estimation of the hydrological connectivity of relatively flat catchments and the effect of relief depressions on the catchment rainfall-runoff relationship for individual rainfall events. CCAA of the Southern River catchment, Western Australia, showed that catchment contributing area varied from less than 20% to more than 60% of total catchment area for various rainfall events. Such variability was attributed to a compensating effect of relief depressions. CCAA was further applied to analyse the impact of urbanisation on the catchment rainfall-runoff relationship. It was demonstrated that the change in land use resulted in much greater catchment volumetric runoff than expected simply as a result of the increase in proportion of impervious urban surfaces. As urbanisation leads to an increase in catchment hydrological connectivity, the catchment contributing area to the river flow also becomes greater. This effect was more evident for the most frequent rainfall events, when an increase in contributing area was responsible for a 30–100% increase in total volumetric runoff. The impact of urbanisation was greatest in sandy catchments, which were largely disconnected in the pre-development conditions.

scholarly journals Evaluation of catchment contributing areas and storm runoff in flat terrain subject to urbanisation

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 547-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. V. Barron ◽  
D. Pollock ◽  
W. Dawes
Keyword(s):  
Catchment Area ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Runoff Coefficient ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Modelling Analysis ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Contributing Catchment Area Analysis (CCAA) is a spatial analysis technique developed and used for estimation of the hydrological connectivity of relatively flat catchments. It allows accounting for the effect of relief depressions on the catchment rainfall-runoff relationship which is not commonly considered in hydrological modelling. Analysis of distributed runoff was based on USDA runoff curves numbers (USDA, 1986), which utilised the spatial information on land cover and soil types, while CCAA was further developed to define catchment area contributing to river discharge under individual rainfall events. The method was applied to the Southern River catchment, Western Australia, showing that contributing catchment area varied from less than 20% to more than 60% of total catchment area under different rainfall and soil moisture conditions. Such variability was attributed to a compensating effect of relief depressions. CCAA was further applied to analyse the impact of urbanisation on the catchment rainfall-runoff relationship. It was demonstrated that in addition to an increase in runoff coefficient, urbanisation leads to expansion in the catchment area contributing to the river flow. This effect was more evident for the most frequent rainfall events, when an increase in contributing area was responsible for a 30–100% rise in predicted catchment runoff.

An analytically derived distribution function for mean areal rainfall

1984 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-21
Author(s):  
Van-Thanh-Van Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Function ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Practical Problem ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Average Rainfall ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Areal Rainfall ◽  
Frequency Curves

Both temporal and spatial information on rainfall distributions are important in various types of hydrologic studies concerning the determination of runoff characteristics. In reality, rainfall is measured at a point. Hence, for practical purposes, it is necessary to establish some relationships for the transformation of point rainfall at a fixed location to average rainfall over a catchment area in order to provide a more reliable input for rainfall-runoff models. The least equivocal method for deriving values of areal correction factor seems to be directly from frequency curves of areal and point rainfalls. Knowledge of the probability distribution of mean areal rainfall, therefore, is of paramount importance in solving this complex practical problem in hydrology.

scholarly journals Analysis of Non-Linear Rainfall-Runoff Process

1985 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 291-308
Author(s):  
Willi H. Hager
Keyword(s):  
Catchment Area ◽  
Computational Procedure ◽  
Spatial Effects ◽  
Kinematic Wave ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Small Stream ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Wave Approach ◽  
Small Watersheds ◽  
Recent Approach

Rainfall runoff phenomena in small watersheds are favorably modelled using the kinematic wave approach. The present investigation considers excess rainfall as time dependent but ignores spatial effects. Solutions of a recent approach are analyzed for a complete cascade consisting of catchment area and small stream. Typical cases are discussed and results include predictions of maximum discharge at the watershed outlet, corresponding time to peak and the overall description of the resulting hydrograph. Criteria concerning the applicability of the kinematic wave approach are given, and examples illustrate the computational procedure.

Rainfall-Discharge Simulation in Bah Bolon Catchment Area by Mock Method, NRECA Method, and GR2M Method

2016 ◽  
Vol 845 ◽  
pp. 24-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadiani Rintis ◽  
Suyanto ◽  
Yosephina Puspa Setyoasri
Keyword(s):  
Catchment Area ◽  
The Other ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Flow Duration Curve ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Flow Duration ◽  
Discharge Simulation ◽  
Rainfall Runoff Model ◽  
North Sumatra ◽  
Runoff Model

Rainfall-discharge simulation is a process transformation from rainfall to discharge in a catchment area by modelling. The most popular models are Mock method and NRECA method. It is according to the handbook of irrigation that is written by government (Indonesia). GR2M (Global Rainfall-Runoff Model) is a new model that is not usual to be used in Indonesia. GR2M is a simulation model that needs less parameter than Mock and NRECA methods. This research was conducted in the Bah Bolon catchment area, Simalungun, North Sumatra. It will analyze the simulation of rainfall-discharge by three methods, Mock, NRECA, and GR2M without considering whether the watershed was wet or dry watershed. The analysis was computed the dependable discharge by flow duration curve (fdc) in a series data on each method. The parameter that compared was the dependable discharge, i.e. the discharge with probability 70% (Q70), probability 80% (Q80), and probability 90% (Q90). GR2M will compared with Mock, then compared with NRECA. The results show that the discharge simulation by GR2M methods and the discharge simulation by Mock method has correlation 0.968. The discharge simulation by GR2M method and the discharge simulation by NRECA method has correlation 0,955. It means that GR2M close to the both of them, but GR2M can used easily because it has less parameter than the other. Based on the graphic, GR2M close to the Mock method for probability more than 50%. So, if the probability is 70%, 80%, and 90%, then GR2M method close to Mock method.

scholarly journals Study on the Improved Method of Urban Subcatchments Division Based on Aspect and Slope- Taking SWMM Model as Example

Hydrology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Zening Wu ◽  
Bingyan Ma ◽  
Huiliang Wang ◽  
Caihong Hu
Keyword(s):  
Catchment Area ◽  
Current Method ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Storm Water Management Model ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Average Slope ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Swmm Model

The storm water management model (SWMM) is widely used in urban rainfall runoff simulations, but there are no clear rules for the division of its sub catchment areas. At present, the popular sub catchment area division method takes the average slope as the slope parameter of the sub catchment area, which brings errors to the model in mechanism. Based on the current method, this paper proposes a new method to further subdivide the sub catchment area of the SWMM model, according to the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data of underlying surface, slope and aspect information. By comparing with the previous methods, it was found that the division method based on slope and aspect can make the setting of model parameters and hydraulic exchange conditions clearer, and improve the accuracy of the model on a certain level.

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