In search of “my true self”: Transmasculine gender identity processes, stigma, and mental health in Peru.

Purpose The more disadvantaged members of society generally experience poorer outcomes following the development of mental ill-health. The purpose of this paper is to scope the literature and synthesise findings on the inequalities and mental health within secure mental health settings. Design/methodology/approach Six electronic databases were searched to identify relevant studies. These were included if they examined the association between inequalities and mental health in women’s secure mental health settings. Findings Of the 608 studies reviewed, 14 met the inclusion criteria. In these papers, violence and/or abuse were described as the most prevalent inequalities. The second most frequent group of inequalities identified were socio-economic. Only three published studies researched the impact of ethnicities. Physical health, alcohol abuse and a dysfunctional family upbringing were only mentioned in one of the studies. Gender identity, transitioning and sexual orientation was not considered in any papers. These are areas, which require further investigation to determine their specific impact in this setting. Research limitations/implications This review highlights the dearth of high-quality research-based evidence underpinning an understanding of the impact of inequalities on women in secure mental health settings. The existing studies suggest that inequalities have a very particular impact and that intersectionality plays a key role. Further research is required to further understand how inequalities impact the lives of women in secure mental health settings. Practical implications The inequalities that women experience in relation to mental health need to be further researched in the context of intersectionality. There are also research gaps in terms of gender identity, sexual orientation and socio-economic background. Further primary research using a more complex methodological paradigm is required to explore these factors and their impact on mental health service provision. Social implications The role of inequalities should be considered as part of an overall care package, including the experiences of adverse childhood experiences and this should contribute towards the development of a trauma-based care approach. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to scope literature about inequalities experienced in women’s secure psychiatric settings considering intersectionality.

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Transgender fathering: Children’s psychological and family outcomes

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0241214 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (11) ◽

pp. e0241214

Author(s):

Agnès Condat ◽

Grégor Mamou ◽

Chrystelle Lagrange ◽

Nicolas Mendes ◽

Joy Wielart ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Cognitive Development ◽

Gender Identity ◽

Empirical Data ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Family Status ◽

Donor Sperm ◽

Family Outcomes ◽

Transgender Persons ◽

Significant Difference

Medical advances in assisted reproductive technology have created new ways for transgender persons to become parents outside the context of adoption. The limited empirical data does not support the idea that trans-parenthood negatively impacts children’s development. However, the question has led to lively societal debates making the need for evidence-based studies urgent. We aimed to compare cognitive development, mental health, gender identity, quality of life and family dynamics using standardized instruments and experimental protocols in 32 children who were conceived by donor sperm insemination (DSI) in French couples with a cisgender woman and a transgender man, the transition occurring before conception. We constituted two control groups matched for age, gender and family status. We found no significant difference between groups regarding cognitive development, mental health, and gender identity, meaning that neither the transgender fatherhood nor the use of DSI had any impact on these characteristics. The results of the descriptive analysis showed positive psycho-emotional development. Additionally, when we asked raters to differentiate the family drawings of the group of children of trans-fathers from those who were naturally conceived, no rater was able to differentiate the groups above chance levels, meaning that what children expressed through family drawing did not indicate cues related to trans-fatherhood. However, when we assessed mothers and fathers with the Five-Minute Speech Sample, we found that the emotions expressed by transgender fathers were higher than those of cisgender fathers who conceived by sex or by DSI. We conclude that the first empirical data regarding child development in the context of trans-parenthood are reassuring. We believe that this research will also improve transgender couple care and that of their children in a society where access to care remains difficult in this population. However, further research is needed with adolescents and young adults.

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Community attitudes on genetic research of gender identity, sexual orientation, and mental health

10.1101/685982 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Taylor R. Thomas ◽

Dabney Hofammann ◽

Brooke G. McKenna ◽

Anna I.R. van der Miesen ◽

Mark A. Stokes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Sexual Orientation ◽

Gender Identity ◽

Genetic Research ◽

Mental Health Research ◽

Sex And Gender ◽

Willingness To Participate ◽

Biological Basis ◽

And Gender ◽

New Research

ABSTRACTBiological sex is an important factor in mental health, and a non-binary view of how variation in sex and gender influence mental health represents a new research frontier that may yield new insights. The recent acceleration of research into sexual orientation, gender identity, and mental health has generally been conducted without sufficient understanding of the opinions of sexual and gender minorities (SGM) toward this research. We surveyed 768 individuals, with an enrichment of LGBTQ+ stakeholders, for their opinions regarding genetic research of SGM and mental health. We found that the key predictors of attitudes toward genetic research specifically on SGM are 1) general attitudes toward genetic and mental health research 2) tolerance of SGM and associated behaviors 3) non-cisgender stakeholder status and 4) age of the respondent. Non-heterosexual stakeholder status was significantly associated with increased willingness to participate in genetic research if a biological basis for gender identity were discovered. We also found that non-stakeholders with a low tolerance for SGM indicated their SGM views would be positively updated if science showed a biological basis for their behaviors and identities. These findings represent an important first step in understanding and engaging the LGBTQ+ stakeholder community in the context of genetic research.

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Master Narratives, Gender Identity, Socialization Processes

10.31234/osf.io/d47mu ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Kate C. McLean ◽

Chelsea Fordham ◽

Samantha Boggs ◽

Staci Byers ◽

Kristin Gudbjorg Haraldsson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gender Identity ◽

Life Course ◽

Gender Equality ◽

Emerging Adults ◽

Emerging Adult ◽

Master Narrative ◽

Master Narratives ◽

Men And Women ◽

Identity Processes ◽

Personal Experiences

Gender Identity and Master NarrativesThe present studies focused on the role and socialization of biographical master narratives – cultural narratives that prescribe the types and ordering of events that should occur in one’s personal life identity narrative – by focusing on adolescent and emerging adult gender identity development. We employed a combined explanatory and triangulation mixed methods design. Study 1a (n = 414) was a survey study examining the expected biographical master narrative events for men and women, and the content of master narrative deviation and conformity in an emerging adult sample. In Study 1b (n = 14) we interviewed participants from Study 1a about their conformity and deviation narratives, as well as their socialization experiences regarding gendered biographical master narratives. In Study 2 mothers and adolescents (n = 11 pairs), engaged in conversation about expected life course events, as well as a follow-up interview about their conversation. We first found that there are more gender differences in the personal experiences of conformity to and deviation from master narratives compared to the expectations of the life course (Study 1a). Second, deviating is related to more engagement in identity processes (Study 1a). Third, emerging adults report contradictions in retrospective reports of socialization messages regarding expectations (Study 1b), a finding confirmed in a discourse analysis of mothers and their adolescents (Study 2). Overall, across the studies, we see that 1) adolescents and emerging adults are engaged in a delicate balance of negotiating between various cultural and familial messages, as well as personal experiences, about gender identity particularly in regards to gender equality and, 2) there is a complex relation between socialization messages about gender equality that may make some biographical master narratives about the expected life course events for men and women more resistant to change.

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Assessing sex, gender identity, sexual orientation, race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and mental health concerns in tobacco use disorder treatment research: Measurement challenges and recommendations from a Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco (SRNT) pre-conference workshop

Nicotine & Tobacco Research ◽

10.1093/ntr/ntab201 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Andrea H Weinberger ◽

Marc L Steinberg ◽

Sarah D Mills ◽

Sarah S Dermody ◽

Jaimee L Heffner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Sexual Orientation ◽

Gender Identity ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Health Concerns ◽

Tobacco Use Disorder ◽

Lower Socioeconomic ◽

Treatment Research ◽

Mental Health Concerns

Abstract This paper reports on topics discussed at a Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco (SRNT) pre-conference workshop at the 2019 annual SRNT meeting. The goal of the preconference workshop was to help develop a shared understanding of the importance of several tobacco-related priority groups in tobacco use disorder treatment research and to highlight challenges in measurement related to these groups. The workshop focused on persons with minoritized sex, gender identity, and sexual orientation identities; persons with minoritized racial and ethnic backgrounds; persons with lower socioeconomic status (SES); and persons with mental health concerns. In addition to experiencing commercial tobacco-related health disparities, these groups are also underrepresented in tobacco research, including tobacco use disorder (TUD) treatment studies. Importantly, there is wide variation in how and whether researchers are identifying variation within these priority groups. Best practices for measuring and reporting sex, gender identity, sexual orientation, race, ethnicity, SES, and mental health concerns in TUD treatment research are needed. This paper provides information about measurement challenges when including these groups in TUD treatment research and specific recommendations about how to measure these groups and assess potential disparities in outcomes. The goal of this paper is to encourage TUD treatment researchers to use measurement best practices in these priority groups in an effort to conduct meaningful and equity-promoting research. Increasing the inclusion and visibility of these groups in TUD treatment research will help to move the field forward in decreasing tobacco-related health disparities. Implications Tobacco-related disparities exist for a number of priority groups including, among others, women, individuals with minoritized sexual and gender identities, individuals with minoritized racial and ethnic backgrounds, individuals with lower socioeconomic status, and individuals with mental health concerns. Research on tobacco use disorder (TUD) treatments for many of these subgroups is lacking. Accurate assessment and consideration of these subgroups will provide needed information about efficacious and effective TUD treatments, about potential mediators and moderators, and for accurately describing study samples, all critical elements for reducing tobacco-related disparities, and improving diversity, equity, and inclusion in TUD treatment research.

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Biological and Behavioral Mechanisms of Identity Pathology Development: An Integrative Review

Review of General Psychology ◽

10.1037/gpr0000138 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 245-263 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Erin A. Kaufman ◽

Sheila E. Crowell

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Conceptual Framework ◽

Health Problem ◽

Explanatory Models ◽

Integrative Review ◽

Identity Disturbance ◽

Identity Processes ◽

The Social ◽

Behavioral Mechanisms ◽

Over Time

Although identity disturbance is a transdiagnostic mental health problem, modern explanatory models for its emergence are limited. To date, the social, developmental, clinical, and neuropsychological literatures exploring identity processes are also largely disconnected. Existing theories have laid the foundation for understanding important components of identity pathology, yet many overlook biological, behavioral, and interactive processes by which these difficulties may emerge. In this integrative review, we explore how broad transdiagnostic vulnerabilities for psychopathology and more specific risky behavioral processes may reciprocally interact and be refined over time into an identity disturbance profile. Our primary purpose is to review behavioral and biosocial theories and derive a testable conceptual framework for how identity disturbance emerges over the course of development. We aim to describe and integrate several disparate lines of theory and research in order to illuminate potential etiological pathways to identity pathology.

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Sexual and Mental Health Inequalities across Gender Identity and Sex-Assigned-at-Birth among Men-Who-Have-Sex-with-Men in Europe: Findings from EMIS-2017

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17207379 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (20) ◽

pp. 7379 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ford Hickson ◽

Max Appenroth ◽

Uwe Koppe ◽

Axel J. Schmidt ◽

David Reid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Gender Identity ◽

Minority Groups ◽

Health Indicators ◽

Service Planning ◽

Internet Survey ◽

Trans Men ◽

Minority Men ◽

Sex With Men ◽

Anxiety Depression

Some men who have sex with men (MSM) were assigned female at birth (AFB) and/or identify as trans men. Little is known about how these men differ from other MSM. We compared sexual and mental health indicators from the European MSM Internet Survey (EMIS-2017), comparing men AFB and/or currently identifying as trans men with those assigned male at birth (AMB) who identified as men. EMIS-2017 was an opportunistic 33-language online sexual health survey for MSM recruiting throughout Europe. We used regression models adjusting for age, country of residence and employment status to examine differences across groups. An analytic sample of 125,720 men living in 45 countries was used, of which 674 (0.5%) were AFB and 871 (0.7%) identified as trans men. The two sub-groups were not coterminous, forming three minority groups: AFB men, AFB trans men and AMB trans men. Minority groups were younger and more likely unemployed. Anxiety, depression, alcohol dependence and sexual unhappiness were more prevalent in sex/gender minority men. Conversely HIV and STI diagnoses were less common. AMB trans men were most likely to have sexual risk behavior with steady partners and to have unmet health promotion needs, and were least likely to be reached by interventions. Sex assigned at birth and trans identification were associated with different sexual and mental health needs. To facilitate service planning and to foster inclusion, sex-assigned-at-birth and current gender identity should be routinely collected in health surveys.

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Mental health issues and discrimination among older LGBTI people

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610214002671 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 27 (9) ◽

pp. 1411-1416 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Jean Tinney ◽

Briony Dow ◽

Phillip Maude ◽

Rachel Purchase ◽

Carolyn Whyte ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Sexual Orientation ◽

Gender Identity ◽

Diverse Group ◽

Health Issues ◽

Single Group ◽

Individual Group ◽

Mental Health Issues ◽

Gender Diverse ◽

Lgbt People

LGBT is an acronym used to describe people from diverse sexual orientation or gender identity, people that are gay, lesbian, bisexual, or transgender. LGBT people do not constitute a single group nor does each individual “group” constitute a homogeneous unity. However, as higher rates of depression and/or anxiety have been observed in older LGBT people, compared to their heterosexual counterparts (Guasp, 2011) there is a need to raise the profile of mental health issues amongst these groups. The additional letter I is also often included in the acronym LGBTI as intersex people are often included as another gender diverse group. However, there is very little research that includes intersex people and none on older intersex people's mental health so this editorial is restricted to consideration of older LGBT people.

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Ambiguous belonging: Media practices among Syrians in Denmark

Journal of Arab & Muslim Media Research ◽

10.1386/jammr_00013_1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 105-122 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zenia Yonus

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Political Action ◽

Political Activism ◽

Drop Out ◽

Media Content ◽

Health Issues ◽

Identity Processes ◽

Mental Health Issues ◽

Political Events ◽

Media Practices

This article presents two prevailing media orientations among Syrian migrants in Denmark. The purpose is to show how Syrians relate to, and evaluate, mediated content, and how it relates to political action. The orientations are dyadic, and represent both news about the conflict in Syria, as well as Danish politics – migration policies in particular. The first is the ambivalent-localizing orientation that mirrors the twofold orientation towards both Danish and Syrian political events; and the second is the informed-obliterate, in which Syrians choose to drop out of media content about Syria due to mental health issues, or fear for their families still in Syria. The study shows how media practices among diasporic Syrians in Denmark are multidimensional, and puts forward the complexities of identity processes between here and there, between political activism and demobilization, and between gratitude for being safe and never feeling safe. The argument is that, these multi-local processes involve multiple interdependent factors, diverse encounters, as well as a variety of struggles in belonging. Syrians consequently lack agency as well as social, media and political recognition.

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