How dynamic are exercise group dynamics? Examining changes in cohesion within class-based exercise programs.

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 1240-1243 ◽  
Author(s):  
William L. Dunlop ◽  
Carl F. Falk ◽  
Mark R. Beauchamp
Keyword(s):  
Group Dynamics ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Exercise Programs

PERIOPERATIVE EXERCISE IMPROVES FUNCTION FOLLOWING TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL

2003 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 111-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen J. Gilbey ◽  
Timothy R. Ackland ◽  
Jeff Tapper ◽  
Allan W. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Harris Hip Score ◽  
Exercise Programs ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Post Surgery

Until recently, limited evidence existed to support the efficacy of exercise programs for patients scheduled for total hip arthroplasty (THA), and no evidence-based guidelines were available regarding the length or intensity of exercise programs and their effect on patient recovery. The purpose of this randomized controlled trial was to determine the impact of an eight-week pre-surgery and 20 week post-surgery customized exercise program on the strength and function of subjects scheduled for THA. A series of physical tests and quality of life questionnaires were completed by patients (n = 57) pre-surgery and on three occasions post-surgery. In the week prior to surgery, the exercise group exhibited significant improvements (p < 0.05) in composite hip strength score and WOMAC total score in comparison to control subjects. By week 24, post-surgery scores for WOMAC total score, Harris Hip score, composite strength score, hip flexion range of motion of the operated hip and the distance walked in 6 minutes were significantly (p < 0.05) better in exercise group patients. A detailed description of the exercise intervention is presented in this paper.

scholarly journals The Regulatory Role of Different Exercises in Irisin, Heat Shock Protein 70 and Some Biochemical Parameters

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taner Akbulut ◽  
Vedat Cinar ◽  
Suleyman Aydin ◽  
Meltem Yardim
Keyword(s):  
Heat Shock ◽  
Heat Shock Protein ◽  
Heat Shock Protein 70 ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Human Organism ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Exercise Programs ◽  
Blood Samples

Background: It is known that exercise causes many changes in the human organism. Understanding the metabolisms underlying these changes is an important issue. The aim of the study was to determine the effects of different and regularly applied exercise programs on irisin, heat shock protein 70 and some biochemical parameters. Methods: 120 male university students participated in the study. Participants were divided into 4 equal groups as control (C), resistance exercise group (RE), high intensity interval (HIIT) and aerobic exercise group (AE). While the control group did not perform any exercise, the pre-determined exercise programs were applied to the other groups for 8 weeks and 3 days in a week. Blood samples were taken from all participants before and after the exercise program. Cholesterol, HDL and LDL cholesterol, triglyceride, creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Irisin and Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) levels were analyzed in blood samples. Results: It is determined that there are significant differences in pre-posttest values ​​of the AE group’s LDH, cholesterol, HDL, Triglyceride and HSP 70 levels, HIIT group’s CK, LDH, Cholesterol, HDL, Triglyceride, Irisin and HSP70 levels and RE group’s CK, LDH, Cholesterol, LDL, Triglyceride and irisin levels (p<0.05). Conlusions: It can be said that; exercise can correct abnormalities in lipid profile, changes in HSP70 levels may vary depending on muscle damage, the increase of irisin due to exercise.

scholarly journals Minimal clinically important differences in treadmill, 6-minute walk, and patient-based outcomes following supervised and home-based exercise in peripheral artery disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew W Gardner ◽  
Polly S Montgomery ◽  
Ming Wang
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Artery Disease ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Treadmill Test ◽  
Peripheral Artery ◽  
Exercise Programs ◽  
Supervised Exercise ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Minute Walk

We estimated minimal clinically important differences (MCIDs) for small, moderate, and large changes in measures obtained from a standardized treadmill test, a 6-minute walk test, and patient-based outcomes following supervised and home-based exercise programs in symptomatic patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). Patients were randomized to either 12 weeks of a supervised exercise program ( n=60), a home-based exercise program ( n=60), or an attention-control group ( n=60). Using the distribution-based method to determine MCIDs, the MCIDs for small, moderate, and large changes in peak walking time (PWT) in the supervised exercise group were 38, 95, and 152 seconds, respectively, and the changes in claudication onset time (COT) were 35, 87, and 138 seconds. Similar MCID scores were noted for the home-based exercise group. An anchor-based method to determine MCIDs yielded similar patterns of small, moderate, and large change scores in PWT and COT, but values were 1–2 minutes longer than the distribution approach. In conclusion, 3 months of supervised and home-based exercise programs for symptomatic patients with PAD results in distribution-based MCID small, moderate, and large changes ranging from 0.5 and 2.5 minutes for PWT and COT. An anchor-based approach yields higher MCID values, ranging from a minimum of 73 seconds for COT to a maximum of 4 minutes for PWT. The clinical implication is that a goal for eliciting MCIDs in symptomatic PAD patients through a walking exercise intervention is to increase PWT and COT by up to 4 minutes, which corresponds to two work stages during the standardized progressive treadmill test.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Exercise Types on the Cross-Sectional Area and Lumbar Lordosis Angle in Patients with Flat Back Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (20) ◽  
pp. 10923
Author(s):  
Won-Moon Kim ◽  
Yong-Gon Seo ◽  
Yun-Jin Park ◽  
Han-Su Cho ◽  
Chang-Hee Lee
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Lumbar Lordosis ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Exercise Programs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Flat Back

Flat back syndrome (FBS) is a sagittal imbalance wherein the normal spinal curvature is reduced. This study aimed to compare the effects of different exercise programs on the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the lumbar muscles, lumbar lordosis angle (LLA), lumbar disability, and flexibility in patients with FBS. Thirty-six females with flexible FBS were randomly allocated to the corrective exercise group (CEG, n = 12), resistance exercise group (REG, n = 12), and physical therapy group (PTG, n = 12). CEG and REG patients participated in a 12-week exercise intervention for 60 min three times per week. The CSA, LLA, Oswestry disability index (ODI), and sit-and-reach test were measured before and after intervention. CSA showed a significant difference between groups (p < 0.01), with CEG and REG demonstrating a significant increase (p < 0.05 and p < 0.05, respectively). LLA showed a significant difference between groups (p < 0.001); CEG showed a higher increase than did REG (p < 0.01) and PTG (p < 0.001). ODI also showed a significant difference between groups (p < 0.001), being lower in CEG than in REG (p < 0.001) and PTG (p < 0.001). Lumbar flexibility significantly improved in all groups, albeit with a significant difference (p < 0.001). Although corrective and resistance exercise programs effectively improve these parameters, corrective exercise is superior to other interventions for patients with FBS.

scholarly journals Effect of 8-Week Aquatic, Land- based and Combined (Aquatic-Land) Training Programs On Walking Capacity in Women with Multiple Sclerosis (MS): A Burdenko Approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 8-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raheleh Ghaffari
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Walking Ability ◽  
Exercise Programs ◽  
Combined Exercise ◽  
Rehabilitation Centers ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Walking Capacity ◽  
The Mean

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease affecting all aspects of life in patients with this disease and causes a wide range of functional problems, including reduced walking capacity. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of 8 weeks aquatic, land-based and combined (aquatic-land (exercise programs according to Burdenko method on the walking capacity measured by 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT). This was a pre- post design study. Thirty one women diagnosed with MS, age range 30-50 years, EDSS<4.5, and living in Amol, Iran participated in this study. The paired t-test results demonstrated a significant improvement in the walking ability of individuals after aquatic exercises (t = -2.23, α=0.048), land-based exercises (t = -5.31, α= 0.001) and combined exercises (t = -4.00, α = 0.001) compared to the pretest. The results of covariance test indicated that aquatic, land-based and combined exercise programs had different effects on the walking ability (power = 0.80, P = 0.001, and F30, 2 = 8.98). Results of  LSD post hoc analysis further indicated that the mean 6MWT in the land-based  exercise group and combined exercise group was significantly higher than the aquatic exercise group (p<0.05), but no significant difference was found in the mean of 6MWT between land-based exercise group and combined exercise group (p>0.05). According to the results of this study, the combined and land-based exercises can be suggested for people with MS in order to improve their walking capacity. These methods can be suggested as appropriate non-pharmacologic complementary therapies in the rehabilitation centers.

scholarly journals Comparisons of the Health Benefits of Strength Training, Aqua-Fitness, and Aerobic Exercise for the Elderly

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Raquel Leirós-Rodríguez ◽  
Anxela Soto-Rodríguez ◽  
Ignacio Pérez-Ribao ◽  
José L. García-Soidán
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Training Group ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Clinical Environment ◽  
Exercise Programs ◽  
Double Blind

Objective. To compare strength training, aqua-fitness, and aerobic exercise programs to discern the differences in the benefits achieved by each of the activities in older people. Design. Double-blind randomized trial. Setting. Controlled clinical environment. Participants. 108 people: 54 female paired with a male of the same age (average age of 65.5 ± 5.6 years). Interventions. Three exercise programs (aqua-fitness, aerobic exercise, and strength training) for six months. Main Outcome Measures. Body Mass Index, Senior Fitness Test (which evaluated functional fitness), and the SF-12 Health Survey. Results. Men showed greater positive changes in the aerobic exercise group for general self-perceived mental health, leg strength, and flexibility of legs and arms. The largest improvements in overall self-perceived physical health and upper limb strength were in the men of the strength training group. The women participants in the strength training group obtained greater benefits, especially in self-perceived mental and physical health and in the strength of the four limbs. Conclusions. To maximise benefits, older people, in general, may want to consider participating in aerobic activity. Furthermore, older women would benefit greatly, both emotionally and physically, from exercise that includes strength training.

Feasibility of an Exercise Program for Older Depressive Inpatients

GeroPsych ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 163-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Heissel ◽  
Anou Vesterling ◽  
Stephanie A. White ◽  
Gunnar Kallies ◽  
Diana Behr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Neurocognitive Functioning ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Active Control Group ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Older Inpatients ◽  
Relaxation Exercises

Abstract. Twelve older inpatients (M age = 66.8) with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) participated in this controlled pilot trial either in a physical exercise group (PEG; n = 6; aerobic, strength, and coordination exercises) or an active control group (ACG; n = 6; relaxation exercises) twice a week for four weeks. While depressive symptoms decreased in both groups, reduction of symptoms was significantly larger in the PEG. However, the PEG had higher BDI scores compared to the ACG at pretest. Neurocognitive functioning and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentration did not change significantly. A four-week exercise program may be a feasible adjunct therapy in older MDD patients but the efficacy of the program needs to be proven with larger samples.

The Effect of Exercise and Distraction on Blood Pressure Recovery Following an Anger-Provoking Stressor in Normotensive Young Adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faye S. Routledge ◽  
Judith A. McFetridge-Durdle ◽  
Marilyn Macdonald ◽  
Lynn Breau ◽  
Tavis Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
State Anger ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Anger Reactivity ◽  
Quiet Sitting

Ruminating about a prior anger provoking event is found to elevate blood pressure (BP) and delay BP recovery. Delayed BP recovery may be associated with increased risk of hypertension. Interventions that improve BP recovery may be beneficial for cardiovascular health. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the influence of rumination and anger on BP reactivity and recovery, to compare the effect of an exercise intervention or distraction intervention on BP recovery and to explore if exercise improved BP recovery by distracting participants from stressor-related rumination and anger. Healthy, normotensive participants (n = 79, mean age 22.2 ± 4.0 years) underwent an anger-recall interview stressor task, 3 min of exercise (walking), distraction (reading) or no-intervention (quiet sitting) and a 15 min recovery period. State anger reactivity was associated with Δ diastolic (D) BP reactivity and approached significance with Δ systolic (S) BP reactivity. Trait rumination was associated with greater SBP during recovery. Δ SBP recovery did not differ between the exercise, distraction and no-intervention groups. Although there were no differences in Δ DBP recovery between the exercise and no-intervention groups, distraction improved Δ DBP recovery compared to the exercise intervention but not the no-intervention. The proportion of anger-related thoughts (state rumination) in the exercise group did not differ from the distraction or no-intervention groups. However, a smaller proportion of participants in the distraction intervention reported an anger-related thought during recovery compared to the no-intervention group with 76% of their thoughts relating to the provided distraction. Overall, post-stressor exercise was not found to improve BP recovery while reading was effective at distracting individuals from angry thoughts (state rumination) but had no effect on BP compared to no-intervention.

Review of Group Dynamics: Research and Theory.

1971 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 738-739
Author(s):  
ROBERT HELMREICH
Keyword(s):  
Group Dynamics

Review of Group dynamics: The psychology of small group behavior. 2nd ed.

1976 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 603-603
Author(s):  
EDWARD E. JONES
Keyword(s):  
Small Group ◽  
Group Dynamics ◽  
Group Behavior
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