The Effect of Exercise and Distraction on Blood Pressure Recovery Following an Anger-Provoking Stressor in Normotensive Young Adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faye S. Routledge ◽  
Judith A. McFetridge-Durdle ◽  
Marilyn Macdonald ◽  
Lynn Breau ◽  
Tavis Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
State Anger ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Anger Reactivity ◽  
Quiet Sitting

Ruminating about a prior anger provoking event is found to elevate blood pressure (BP) and delay BP recovery. Delayed BP recovery may be associated with increased risk of hypertension. Interventions that improve BP recovery may be beneficial for cardiovascular health. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the influence of rumination and anger on BP reactivity and recovery, to compare the effect of an exercise intervention or distraction intervention on BP recovery and to explore if exercise improved BP recovery by distracting participants from stressor-related rumination and anger. Healthy, normotensive participants (n = 79, mean age 22.2 ± 4.0 years) underwent an anger-recall interview stressor task, 3 min of exercise (walking), distraction (reading) or no-intervention (quiet sitting) and a 15 min recovery period. State anger reactivity was associated with Δ diastolic (D) BP reactivity and approached significance with Δ systolic (S) BP reactivity. Trait rumination was associated with greater SBP during recovery. Δ SBP recovery did not differ between the exercise, distraction and no-intervention groups. Although there were no differences in Δ DBP recovery between the exercise and no-intervention groups, distraction improved Δ DBP recovery compared to the exercise intervention but not the no-intervention. The proportion of anger-related thoughts (state rumination) in the exercise group did not differ from the distraction or no-intervention groups. However, a smaller proportion of participants in the distraction intervention reported an anger-related thought during recovery compared to the no-intervention group with 76% of their thoughts relating to the provided distraction. Overall, post-stressor exercise was not found to improve BP recovery while reading was effective at distracting individuals from angry thoughts (state rumination) but had no effect on BP compared to no-intervention.

Abstract 19037: Exercise Reduces 24-hr Blood Pressure and Albuminuria in Patients with Moderate Diabetic Kidney Disease

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulf G Bronas ◽  
Marc Weber ◽  
Paul Drawz ◽  
John Bantle ◽  
Daniel Duprez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise

Introduction: Observational studies have shown an inverse association between physical function and CVD mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) through unknown mechanisms. We have previously reported a significant exercise-induced reduction in resting blood pressure (BP) in 85 patients with stage 2-4 type 2 diabetes related CKD (DKD). The efficacy of exercise to reduce 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) and albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) is unclear. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that 12wks of exercise would reduce 24-hr ABP and ACR in patients with stage 3-4 DKD and hypertension, compared to the control group. Methods: We randomly assigned 28 participants (21 male, age 62.9 yrs, BMI 34.8 kg/m2) with stage 3-4 DKD and hypertension (141(17)/75 (10) mmHg) to either 12-wks of moderate-intensity exercise training, 4x/wk for 45 minutes (n=15) or a usual medical care control group (n=13). The primary endpoint was change in 24-hr ABP at 12-wks. Results: There were no significant differences between groups in baseline demographic or medical variables. There were no changes in pharmacological variables at 12-week follow-up; group comparisons were analyzed by ANCOVA using baseline and exercise performed as covariates. Systolic BP levels and ACR were significantly reduced in the exercise-intervention group compared to the control group (Table 1). Reductions in diastolic BP levels were not significant between groups. Heart rate variables did not differ between groups. There was a strong inverse association between change in aerobic capacity and change in systolic and diastolic BP levels in the exercise group only (r=-.56, p=.039, and -.66, p=.011). Conclusion: This study suggests that exercise training imparts a favorable modulation of BP levels and ACR in patients with stage 3-4 DKD, potentially providing insight into the cardioprotective effect of exercise in this population.

Abstract TP164: Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Measures and Risk of Covert Brain Infarction and Worsening White Matter in Older Adults

Stroke ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lester Y Leung ◽  
Traci M Bartz ◽  
Kenneth Rice ◽  
James Floyd ◽  
Bruce Psaty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Brain Infarction ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Increased Risk

Introduction: Covert brain infarction (CBI) and worsening white matter grade (WMG) on serial MRI are associated with increased risk for ischemic stroke and dementia. Hypothesis: We sought to evaluate the association of various measures of blood pressure and heart rate with these MRI findings. Methods: In the Cardiovascular Health Study, a longitudinal cohort study of cardiovascular disease in older adults, we used relative risk regression to assess the risk of incident CBI and worsening WMG associated with mean, variability, and trend in systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and heart rate (HR) measured at four or more annual clinic visits between two brain MRIs. We included participants who underwent both brain MRIs and had no change in antihypertensive medication status, no CBI on the initial MRI, and no stroke before the follow-up MRI. Results: Among 897 eligible participants, incident CBI occurred in 15% and worsening WMG in 27%. Mean SBP mean was strongly associated with increased risk for incident CBI (RR per 10 mmHg 1.29; 95% CI, 1.13-1.47), and DBP mean was strongly associated with increased risk for worsening WMG (RR per 10 mmHg 1.43; 95% CI, 1.23-1.67). DBP variability may be associated with incident CBI (RR per 10 mmHg 1.71; 95% CI, 1.10-2.65), The HR measures were not associated with these MRI findings. Conclusions: Elevated mean levels of blood pressure contribute to covert cerebrovascular diseases. Control of mean blood pressure levels, even in older adults, remains a high priority for prevention of vascular brain injury.

Modalities of physical activity and exercise in the management of cardiovascular health in individuals with cardiovascular risk factors

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-58
Author(s):  
Dominique Hansen ◽  
Martin Halle
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Control Body ◽  
Prevention Of Cardiovascular Disease

Physical activity (PA) and exercise training (ET) are highly effective in the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) via improvement of cardiovascular risk factors (CV RFs), such as blood pressure (BP), lipid profile, glycaemic control, body fat mass, and inflammation. In the first part of this chapter, we describe the currently observed effects of PA and exercise intervention on these RFs. In the second part, we explain which exercise modalities should be selected to optimize these CVD RFs, especially for those patients with multiple CVD RFs.

scholarly journals A pragmatic randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of a facilitated exercise intervention as a treatment for postnatal depression: the PAM-PeRS trial

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (11) ◽  
pp. 2413-2425 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Daley ◽  
R. V. Blamey ◽  
K. Jolly ◽  
A. K. Roalfe ◽  
K. M. Turner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Usual Care ◽  
Postnatal Depression ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Classification Of Diseases

BackgroundPostnatal depression affects about 10–15% of women in the year after giving birth. Many women and healthcare professionals would like an effective and accessible non-pharmacological treatment for postnatal depression.MethodWomen who fulfilled the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 criteria for major depression in the first 6 months postnatally were randomized to receive usual care plus a facilitated exercise intervention or usual care only. The intervention involved two face-to-face consultations and two telephone support calls with a physical activity facilitator over 6 months to support participants to engage in regular exercise. The primary outcome was symptoms of depression using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) at 6 months post-randomization. Secondary outcomes included EPDS score as a binary variable (recovered and improved) at 6 and 12 months post-randomization.ResultsA total of 146 women were potentially eligible and 94 were randomized. Of these, 34% reported thoughts of self-harming at baseline. After adjusting for baseline EPDS, analyses revealed a −2.04 mean difference in EPDS score, favouring the exercise group [95% confidence interval (CI) −4.11 to 0.03, p = 0.05]. When also adjusting for pre-specified demographic variables the effect was larger and statistically significant (mean difference = −2.26, 95% CI −4.36 to −0.16, p = 0.03). Based on EPDS score a larger proportion of the intervention group was recovered (46.5% v. 23.8%, p = 0.03) compared with usual care at 6 months follow-up.ConclusionsThis trial shows that an exercise intervention that involved encouragement to exercise and to seek out social support to exercise may be an effective treatment for women with postnatal depression, including those with thoughts of self-harming.

scholarly journals Patients’ Perceptions of an Exercise Program Delivered Following Discharge From Hospital After Critical Illness (the Revive Trial)

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 978-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Ferguson ◽  
Judy M. Bradley ◽  
Daniel F. McAuley ◽  
Bronagh Blackwood ◽  
Brenda O’Neill
Keyword(s):  
Critical Illness ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Discharge From Hospital ◽  
Insight Into

Background: The REVIVE randomized controlled trial (RCT) investigated the effectiveness of an individually tailored (personalized) exercise program for patients discharged from hospital after critical illness. By including qualitative methods, we aimed to explore patients’ perceptions of engaging in the exercise program. Methods: Patients were recruited from general intensive care units in 6 hospitals in Northern Ireland. Patients allocated to the exercise intervention group were invited to participate in this qualitative study. Independent semistructured interviews were conducted at 6 months after randomization. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and content analysis used to explore themes arising from the data. Results: Of 30 patients allocated to the exercise group, 21 completed the interviews. Patients provided insight into the physical and mental sequelae they experienced following critical illness. There was a strong sense of patients’ need for the exercise program and its importance for their recovery following discharge home. Key facilitators of the intervention included supervision, tailoring of the exercises to personal needs, and the exercise manual. Barriers included poor mental health, existing physical limitations, and lack of motivation. Patients’ views of outcome measures in the REVIVE RCT varied. Many patients were unsure about what would be the best way of measuring how the program affected their health. Conclusions: This qualitative study adds an important perspective on patients’ attitude to an exercise intervention following recovery from critical illness, and provides insight into the potential facilitators and barriers to delivery of the program and how programs should be evolved for future trials.

scholarly journals IMPROVING MOOD THROUGH PHYSICAL ACTIVITY FOR CARERS AND CARE RECIPIENTS TRIAL (IMPACCT): RESULTS OF A RCT

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S164-S165
Author(s):  
Briony Dow ◽  
Susan (Sue) Malta ◽  
Ellen Gaffy ◽  
Melissa Russell ◽  
Sue Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Usual Care ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Care Recipient ◽  
P Value ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract The aim of this Australian study was to investigate effects on depression of a 6-month individually tailored home-based exercise program for caregivers, designed to be done with the person they care for. Ninety-one caregiver-care recipient dyads and 30 caregiver-only participants (caregivers scoring ≥4 on the 15 item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15)) were randomized into one of three groups: exercise intervention (n=50, 34 dyads and 16 caregiver only), social support control (n= 50, 42 dyads and 8 caregiver only) or usual care control (n= 21, 15 dyads and 6 caregiver only). The exercise group completed an individualised program based on the Otago-plus. The primary outcome was the proportion of participants with GDS-15 ≤4. Outcome assessors were blinded to group assignment. There were no significant difference in depression between the physical activity intervention group and the social control (OR 1.06, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.44, 2.56) and the physical activity intervention group and the usual care control (OR 1.51 95% CI 0.46, 4.94) at six months or at 12-months. However, more than 50% of caregivers in all three groups no longer had a GDS-15 score >4 at 6 months. Sub-group analysis revealed that after 6 months caregivers in the exercise group caring for someone with an MMSE ≥24 were significantly less depressed than those caring for someone with an MMSE score of <24 compared with social (p value <0.02) and usual care groups (p value < 0.02). A dyad exercise intervention may be beneficial for those caring for someone without cognitive decline.

scholarly journals Efektifitas Perbandingan Buerger Allen Exercise dan Senam Kaki terhadap Nilai ABI pada Penderita DM Tipe II

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Awinda Sari ◽  
Anwar Wardy W ◽  
Yani Sofiani
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Average Increase ◽  
The Difference

The purpose of this study was obtained by comparing the effectiveness of Buerger Allen Exercise and foot exercises to the value of Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) in patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus. This research method is a quantitative method with Quasi Experiment research design pre and post test two groups with 15 respondents in the intervention group (group A) given Buerger Allen Exercise intervention and 15 respondents in the intervention group (group B) given foot exercise intervention. The results showed that there were significant differences in the value of Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) before and after being given Buerger Allen Exercise and foot exercises with p <0.05 with the difference in the average increase in ABI value Buerger Allen Exercise group of 0.0820 while in the group foot exercises the difference in the average increase in ABI value by 0.0726. The conclusion of this study is that Buerger Allen Exercise is more effective than foot exercises in increasing the value of Ankle Brachial Index (ABI).  Keywords        : Ankle Brachial Index, Buerger Allen Exercise, Foot Exercise, Type II Diabetes Mellitus.

scholarly journals Physical activity and cardiovascular disease risk in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Amie Woodward
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Supervised Exercise

Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex, heterogeneous endocrinopathy affecting metabolic, reproductive, and cardiovascular health in women. Evidence indicates that women with PCOS present with a cluster of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Physical activity (PA) interventions have been shown to reduce various CVD risk factors in women with PCOS. Research also suggests that sedentary behaviours have a distinct deleterious effect on cardiometabolic health. Thus, increasing PA and reducing sedentary behaviour may be a worthwhile therapeutic target to improve cardiovascular health in women with PCOS. The programme of research presented in this thesis investigates the feasibility and acceptability of two PA interventions to improve markers of CVD risk in women with PCOS using both quantitative and qualitive methods. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of exercise interventions on CVD risk factors in women with PCOS provided an evidence base on which to design a supervised exercise intervention. A feasibility randomised controlled trial (RCT) of two physical activity interventions for women with PCOS was conducted. Participants were randomised to either a supervised exercise intervention, a lifestyle physical activity intervention (LPAG) aimed at reducing sedentary behaviours, or a control group, for 12 weeks. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of participants from each group on completion of the RCT to explore the acceptability of the interventions, and barriers and facilitators to PA. Results The systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated that moderate intensity aerobic exercise interventions of ≥three months in duration, with a frequency of three sessions/week, had favourable effects on CVD risk factors. These results informed the design of the RCT. Thirty-six women with PCOS were enrolled onto the feasibility RCT (12 per group). The recruitment rate was 56% and adherence rate to the exercise intervention was considered moderate at 53%. The retention rate was high at 89%, with only five participants lost to follow-up. Adherence to the LPAG was 100%. Two non-serious adverse events were reported in the exercise group, unrelated to trial procedures. For the secondary outcomes, trend data indicates a 14% reduction in oxidised LDL concentrations in the exercise group. In addition, the data indicates weight loss (kg) of 3.4% and 3.6% in the exercise group and the LPAG, respectively. Qualitative data from the interviews (n=11) indicated that the interventions were well received, but acceptability could be improved by providing social connectivity and implementing measures that encourage the adoption of long-term health-promoting behaviours. Conclusions iii The findings suggest that the procedures for recruitment, allocation, and outcome measurements were acceptable. However, adherence to the supervised exercise intervention was below an acceptable rate. The qualitative component provides valuable contextual data that will be crucial to addressing adherence for both the progression to a full-scale RCT, and community interventions for women with PCOS.

Metabolic syndrome and breast cancer: Effects of a 16-week combined exercise intervention.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. TPS9648-TPS9648
Author(s):  
Christina Marie Dieli-Conwright ◽  
Debu Tripathy ◽  
E. Todd Schroeder ◽  
Joanne E. Mortimer ◽  
Leslie Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Comprehensive Cancer Center ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

TPS9648 Background: Current evidence suggests that breast cancer treatments such as chemotherapy lead to excessive weight gain, fatigue, physical inactivity, and negative alterations in components of metabolic syndrome (MetS). MetS is associated with increased risk of cancer recurrence, cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes, and is defined by visceral adiposity, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, low serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and hypertension. MetS is highly prevalent and present in 25% of American and European adults and higher in minorities. Given that chemotherapy for breast cancer induces many of the components of MetS, an effort to offset these consequences of cancer therapy using exercise/lifestyle intervention could improve breast cancer, cardiovascular and endocrine outcomes. Methods: Our study seeks to determine whether a 16-week exercise intervention induces changes in prognostic components of MetS (waist circumference, blood pressure, serum levels of glucose, insulin, lipids, C-reactive protein and HbA1c) among breast cancer survivors if initiated within 3 months of completion of chemotherapy or radiation therapy. We are currently recruiting women diagnosed with Stage I-III breast cancer from the USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center and Los Angeles County Hospital, which cares for a high proportion of minority/underserved patients. Participants are randomized to either the Control (usual care) or the Exercise group. The Exercise group participates in aerobic and resistance exercise sessions 3 times a week for 16 weeks supervised by an exercise specialist at the USC Clinical Exercise Research Center. At baseline and following the study period, all participants are tested for MetS components, muscle strength, body composition, bone density, cardiorespiratory fitness, quality of life, fatigue and shoulder function. We will recruit an additional 85 patients (at present time n=15) over the next 3 years. It is expected that this intervention will improve components of MetS and physical fitness in breast cancer survivors when compared to the Control group, thus defining intervention and biomarker variables for more definitive trials. Clinical trial information: NCT01140282.

The Relationship Between Tooth Loss and Hypertension: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akio Tada ◽  
Rumi Tano ◽  
Hiroko Miura
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies

Abstract Understanding association between tooth loss and hypertension is important for improving cardiovascular health. We searched for publications that were published between July 2011 and June 2021 using three electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus) and conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the association between tooth loss and hypertension. Quality assessments were performed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program guideline, Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and the GRADE approach. Twenty studies (17 cross-sectional studies, and 3 cohort studies) met the inclusion criteria for this review. Most cross-sectional studies showed that subjects with more tooth loss exhibited a greater proportion of hypertension and higher systolic blood pressure than those with less tooth loss. Meta-analyses revealed a statistically significant association between tooth loss and hypertension. The pooled ORFs of hypertension for having tooth loss with no tooth loss and for edentulous with dentate were 2.22 (95% CI 2.00-2.45) and 4.94 (95% CI: 4.04–6.05), respectively. In cohort studies, subjects with more tooth loss had a greater incidence of hypertension than those with less tooth loss during the follow-up period. The present systematic review and meta-analysis suggested that tooth loss is associated with an increased risk of hypertension and higher systolic blood pressure.

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