What Does Not Kill You Makes You Stronger: Positive Adaptation Among Families in the Face of Adversity

PsycCRITIQUES ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Debra H. Zand
Keyword(s):  
Positive Adaptation ◽  
The Face

scholarly journals Indicators of HIV-risk resilience among men who have sex with men: a content analysis of online profiles

Sexual Health ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaclyn M. White Hughto ◽  
Anna P. Hidalgo ◽  
Angela R. Bazzi ◽  
Sari L. Reisner ◽  
Matthew J. Mimiaga
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Safer Sex ◽  
Role Playing ◽  
Positive Adaptation ◽  
Sexual Position ◽  
The Face ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Sexual Networking

Background: HIV-risk resilience, or positive adaptation in the face of risk, is increasingly being recognised as an important characteristic among men who have sex with men (MSM). However, resilience in the context of online partner seeking remains underexplored among MSM. Methods: Using content analysis methodology, this study operationalised indicators of HIV-risk resilience in the profiles of 933 MSM using a sexual networking website. HIV-risk resilience included endorsing foreplay only (non-penetrative sex) or a versatile sexual position; being “out” (e.g. disclosed sexual orientation), having a profile photo, seeking friendship, seeking a relationship, serosorting, not endorsing alcohol or drug use, safer sexual adventurism (e.g. role playing, bondage), and safer sex. Results: The majority of men were between 18 and 35 years old (76.0%) and 73.3% were racial/ethnic minorities. The mean number of resilience components endorsed was 5.2 (s.d. = 1.5; range 0–9). Nearly half (48.0%) reported being “out” and 68.7% had a profile photo. The majority of men were seeking relationships (66.5%) and/or friendships (69.7%), were sexually versatile (53.3%), and preferred safer sex only (76.3%). The majority did not endorse drug use (82.0%) and 25.4% did not endorse alcohol use. Nearly one-quarter (21.4%) endorsed sexual adventurism and 2.5% were serosorting by partner’s HIV negative status. Conclusion: HIV-risk resilience may be common among MSM using sexual networking websites and may manifest in safer sex intentions. Rather than exclusively focusing on sexual risk reduction, health promotion efforts targeting MSM online should acknowledge, measure, and leverage existent HIV-risk resilience strategies in this group.

Exploring Workplace Resilience Through a Personality Strength Lens

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 447-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer P. Green ◽  
David M. Wallace ◽  
Amber K. Hargrove
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Positive Adaptation ◽  
New Methods ◽  
The Face ◽  
Trauma Teams ◽  
The Military ◽  
Future Work

Resilience research has primarily focused on occupations that undergo a significant amount of stress, such as the military or trauma teams. In response, Britt, Shen, Sinclair, Grossman, and Klieger (2016) call for “future work on resilience to expand to include a wider cross section of workers and occupations” (p. 397). We suggest that viewing resilience through a personality strength lens will facilitate this expansion. Adopting a personality strength approach to resilience will more clearly (a) link the capacity for resilience to positive adaptation in the face of a broader range of stressors beyond objectively significant adversity and (b) open up new methods of investigating the demonstration of resilience.

scholarly journals Validation of Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) in elite athletes through a structural equation model (Validación de la Escala de Resiliencia (CD-RISC) en deportistas de élite a través de un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales)

Retos ◽  
2016 ◽  
pp. 96-100
Author(s):  
Marta Olmo Extremera ◽  
Eva Olmedo Moreno ◽  
Mar Cepero González ◽  
Felix Zurita Ortega ◽  
Rosario Padial Ruz
Keyword(s):  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Structural Equations ◽  
Positive Adaptation ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
The Face ◽  
Four Levels

Resilience is a psychological characteristic that encourages positive adaptation in the face of adversity (Connor & Davidson, 2003; Grotberg, 2001; Wagnild & Young, 1990). It has seldom been studied within the field of sports but, in the last years the studies began to be more common (Fletcher & Sarkar, 2012; Galli & Vealey, 2012; García- Secades et al., 2015). This work has as purposes, to adapt the resilience scale (CD-RISC) for the sport field, to confirm its psychometrics properties and to analyses, validation its internal consistency in a population of elite athletes in different sports. The scale was administered to a sample of 287 athletes, 76.7% male and 23.3% female, determined by four levels of competition; 21.5% professionals, 21.3% semi-professionals, 43.9% amateur and 9.8% enthusiastic. It was an analysis based on structural equations modelling (SEM) encompassed within confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and its internal consistency (Cronbach's Alpha). The results verified that the modelling of structural equation, the model for measuring the questionnaire and the covariant structure of the responses obtained have a good fit. Thus, the CD-RISC scale has shown itself to be a reliable and valid tool for measuring the resilience of elite athletes and it can also be used to measure psychological parameters related to the field of sports.Resumen. La resiliencia es una característica psicológica que permite una adaptación positiva ante la adversidad (Connor & Davidson, 2003; Grotberg, 2001; Wagnild & Young, 1990). Sus estudios en el campo deportivo no han sido muy numerosos, aunque en los últimos años esta tomando fuerza en esta area (Fletcher & Sarkar, 2012; Galli & Vealey, 2012; García- Secades et al., 2015). El trabajo que se presenta tiene como objetivos adaptar al campo deportivo la escala de resiliencia (CD-RISC), confirmar sus propiedades psicométricas, analizar y validar su consistencia interna en una población de atletas de élite en diferentes deportes. La escala fue aplicada a una muestra de 287 atletas, 76,7% hombres y 23,3% mujeres diferenciados por cuatro niveles de competición; 21,5% profesionales, 21,3% semi-profesionales, 43,9% amateur y 9,8% aficionados. Se utilizó un análisis basado en un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM) circunscritos a un análisis de confirmación de los factores (CFA) y su consistencia interna (Alfa de Cronbach). Los resultados verificaron que el modelo de ecuaciones estructurales, la mediación del cuestionario y la estructura covariante de las respuestas obtenidas tienen un buen ajuste. Por tanto, la escala CD-RISC ha demostrado ser una herramienta confiable y válida para medir la capacidad de resiliencia de los deportista de élite pudiendo ser utilizada para medir los parámetros psicológicos relacionados con el campo deportivo.

Why do people believe in a zero-sum economy?

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel G. B. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Perspective Taking ◽  
Evolutionary Model ◽  
Everyday Experience ◽  
Coalitional Psychology ◽  
The Face ◽  
Zero Sum

AbstractZero-sum thinking and aversion to trade pervade our society, yet fly in the face of everyday experience and the consensus of economists. Boyer & Petersen's (B&P's) evolutionary model invokes coalitional psychology to explain these puzzling intuitions. I raise several empirical challenges to this explanation, proposing two alternative mechanisms – intuitive mercantilism (assigning value to money rather than goods) and errors in perspective-taking.

Mars: was There an Ancient Eden?

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 203-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias C. Owen
Keyword(s):  
Positive Answer ◽  
Biogenic Elements ◽  
Habitable Zones ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Origin Of Life ◽  
Early Mars ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Open Question ◽  
Rocky Planets ◽  
Impact Erosion

AbstractThe clear evidence of water erosion on the surface of Mars suggests an early climate much more clement than the present one. Using a model for the origin of inner planet atmospheres by icy planetesimal impact, it is possible to reconstruct the original volatile inventory on Mars, starting from the thin atmosphere we observe today. Evidence for cometary impact can be found in the present abundances and isotope ratios of gases in the atmosphere and in SNC meteorites. If we invoke impact erosion to account for the present excess of129Xe, we predict an early inventory equivalent to at least 7.5 bars of CO2. This reservoir of volatiles is adequate to produce a substantial greenhouse effect, provided there is some small addition of SO2(volcanoes) or reduced gases (cometary impact). Thus it seems likely that conditions on early Mars were suitable for the origin of life – biogenic elements and liquid water were present at favorable conditions of pressure and temperature. Whether life began on Mars remains an open question, receiving hints of a positive answer from recent work on one of the Martian meteorites. The implications for habitable zones around other stars include the need to have rocky planets with sufficient mass to preserve atmospheres in the face of intensive early bombardment.

Evidence for a shear mechanism for the precipitation of γ-zirconium hydride in zirconium

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 658-659
Author(s):  
G.J.C. Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Strain Field ◽  
Zirconium Hydride ◽  
Zirconium Atom ◽  
Atom Diffusion ◽  
Solvus Temperature ◽  
Hexagonal Close Packed ◽  
Partial Dislocations ◽  
The Face

In zirconium-hydrogen alloys, rapid cooling from an elevated temperature causes precipitation of the face-centred tetragonal (fct) phase, γZrH, in the form of needles, parallel to the close-packed <1120>zr directions (1). With low hydrogen concentrations, the hydride solvus is sufficiently low that zirconium atom diffusion cannot occur. For example, with 6 μg/g hydrogen, the solvus temperature is approximately 370 K (2), at which only the hydrogen diffuses readily. Shears are therefore necessary to produce the crystallographic transformation from hexagonal close-packed (hep) zirconium to fct hydride.The simplest mechanism for the transformation is the passage of Shockley partial dislocations having Burgers vectors (b) of the type 1/3<0110> on every second (0001)Zr plane. If the partial dislocations are in the form of loops with the same b, the crosssection of a hydride precipitate will be as shown in fig.1. A consequence of this type of transformation is that a cumulative shear, S, is produced that leads to a strain field in the surrounding zirconium matrix, as illustrated in fig.2a.

A study of interface sliding at F.C.C.-B.C.C. boundaries in a Cu-Zn alloy

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 422-423
Author(s):  
F. Monchoux ◽  
A. Rocher ◽  
J.L. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
Creep Tests ◽  
High Voltage Electron Microscopy ◽  
Diffusion Treatment ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
The Face ◽  
Face Centered ◽  
Interface Sliding ◽  
Zn Alloy ◽  
Made In

Interphase sliding is an important phenomenon of high temperature plasticity. In order to study the microstructural changes associated with it, as well as its influence on the strain rate dependence on stress and temperature, plane boundaries were obtained by welding together two polycrystals of Cu-Zn alloys having the face centered cubic and body centered cubic structures respectively following the procedure described in (1). These specimens were then deformed in shear along the interface on a creep machine (2) at the same temperature as that of the diffusion treatment so as to avoid any precipitation. The present paper reports observations by conventional and high voltage electron microscopy of the microstructure of both phases, in the vicinity of the phase boundary, after different creep tests corresponding to various deformation conditions.Foils were cut by spark machining out of the bulk samples, 0.2 mm thick. They were then electropolished down to 0.1 mm, after which a hole with thin edges was made in an area including the boundary

The glycomes of Caenorhabditis elegans and other model organisms

2002 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 117-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart M. Haslam ◽  
David Gems ◽  
Howard R. Morris ◽  
Anne Dell
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Structural Data ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Entire Genome ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
The Face ◽  
Area Of Concern ◽  
Nematode Worm

There is no doubt that the immense amount of information that is being generated by the initial sequencing and secondary interrogation of various genomes will change the face of glycobiological research. However, a major area of concern is that detailed structural knowledge of the ultimate products of genes that are identified as being involved in glycoconjugate biosynthesis is still limited. This is illustrated clearly by the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans, which was the first multicellular organism to have its entire genome sequenced. To date, only limited structural data on the glycosylated molecules of this organism have been reported. Our laboratory is addressing this problem by performing detailed MS structural characterization of the N-linked glycans of C. elegans; high-mannose structures dominate, with only minor amounts of complex-type structures. Novel, highly fucosylated truncated structures are also present which are difucosylated on the proximal N-acetylglucosamine of the chitobiose core as well as containing unusual Fucα1–2Gal1–2Man as peripheral structures. The implications of these results in terms of the identification of ligands for genomically predicted lectins and potential glycosyltransferases are discussed in this chapter. Current knowledge on the glycomes of other model organisms such as Dictyostelium discoideum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Drosophila melanogaster is also discussed briefly.

Supporting the Use of Rudimentary Vocalizations

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 132-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Zubow ◽  
Richard Hurtig
Keyword(s):  
Rett Syndrome ◽  
Visual Cues ◽  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Primary Research ◽  
Multiple Modalities ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Perceptual Judgments ◽  
The Face

Children with Rett Syndrome (RS) are reported to use multiple modalities to communicate although their intentionality is often questioned (Bartolotta, Zipp, Simpkins, & Glazewski, 2011; Hetzroni & Rubin, 2006; Sigafoos et al., 2000; Sigafoos, Woodyatt, Tuckeer, Roberts-Pennell, & Pittendreigh, 2000). This paper will present results of a study analyzing the unconventional vocalizations of a child with RS. The primary research question addresses the ability of familiar and unfamiliar listeners to interpret unconventional vocalizations as “yes” or “no” responses. This paper will also address the acoustic analysis and perceptual judgments of these vocalizations. Pre-recorded isolated vocalizations of “yes” and “no” were presented to 5 listeners (mother, father, 1 unfamiliar, and 2 familiar clinicians) and the listeners were asked to rate the vocalizations as either “yes” or “no.” The ratings were compared to the original identification made by the child's mother during the face-to-face interaction from which the samples were drawn. Findings of this study suggest, in this case, the child's vocalizations were intentional and could be interpreted by familiar and unfamiliar listeners as either “yes” or “no” without contextual or visual cues. The results suggest that communication partners should be trained to attend to eye-gaze and vocalizations to ensure the child's intended choice is accurately understood.

Verrucae planae of the face

1971 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 330-330
Author(s):  
R. Lester
Keyword(s):  
The Face
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