Three integrated elements of empowerment: HIV prevention with sub-Saharan African adolescent females involved in transactional sex.

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah W. Feldstein Ewing ◽  
Angela D. Bryan ◽  
Tutu Alicante ◽  
P. Todd Korthuis ◽  
Karen A. Hudson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Adolescent Females ◽  
Transactional Sex ◽  
Sub Saharan

scholarly journals Intersectional stigma and its impact on HIV prevention and care among MSM and WSW in sub-Saharan African countries: a protocol for a scoping review

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. e047280
Author(s):  
Gamji M’Rabiu Abubakari ◽  
Debbie Dada ◽  
Jemal Nur ◽  
DeAnne Turner ◽  
Amma Otchere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Meta Analyses

IntroductionResearch has established that various forms of stigma (HIV stigma, gender non-conforming stigma and same-gender sex stigma) exist across Sub-Saharan Africa and have consequences for the utilisation of HIV prevention and care services. Stigmas are typically investigated in HIV literature individually or through investigating individual populations and the various stigmas they may face. The concept of intersectionality highlights the interconnected nature of social categorisations and their ability to create interdependent systems of discrimination based on gender, race, sexuality and so on. Drawing from perspectives on intersectionality, intersectional stigma denotes the convergence of multiple marginalised identities within an individual or a group, the experiences of stigma associated with these identities as well as the synergistic impact of these experiences on health and well-being. With respect to HIV, public health scholars can examine the impacts of intersectional stigmas on HIV prevention and care utilisation.Methods and analysisReviewers will search systematically through MEDLINE, Global Health, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection and Africa Index Medicus and citations for quantitative studies, qualitative studies and grey literature that include data on stigma and HIV among men who have sex with men and women who have sex with women in Sub-Saharan Africa. Eligible studies will include primary or secondary data on stigma related to HIV risk factors experienced by this population. Studies will be written in French or English and be published between January 1991 and November 2020. All screening and data extraction will be performed in duplicate, and if discrepancies arise, they will be settled by GM’RA, LEN, DD or AO. Findings from this study will be reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not required as there will be no human participants and no protected data will be used in this study. We will disseminate findings through peer-reviewed manuscripts, conferences and webinars.

scholarly journals Pregnancy and childbirth in Mozambique: men as decision makers and women as caretakers?

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Galle ◽  
H Cossa ◽  
N Osman ◽  
K Roelens ◽  
S Griffin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Maternal Health ◽  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Male Involvement ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
Policy Level ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Background Increasing male involvement during pregnancy is considered an important, but often overlooked intervention for improving maternal health in sub-Saharan Africa. This study explores the attitudes and beliefs of health policymakers, health care providers and local communities regarding men's involvement in maternal health in southern Mozambique. Methods Ten key informant interviews with stakeholders were carried out to assess their attitudes and perspectives regarding male involvement in maternal health, followed by 10 days of semi structured observations in health care centers. Subsequently 16 focus group discussions were conducted in the community and at provider level, followed by three in depth couple interviews. Analysis was done by applying a socio-ecological systems theory in thematic analysis. Results Results show a lack of strategy at policy level to stimulate male involvement in maternal health. Invitation cards for men are used as an isolated intervention in health facilities but these have not lead to the expected success. Providers have a rather passive attitude towards male involvement initiatives and women accompanied by a husband are often put in a submissive position. In the community however, male attendance at ANC is considered important and men are willing to take a more participating role. Main barriers are the association of male attendance at ANC with being HIV infected and strong social norms and gender roles. On the one hand men are seen as caretakers of the family by providing money and making the decisions. On the other hand, men supporting their wife by showing interest in their health or sharing household tasks are seen as weak or as a manifestation of HIV seropositivity. Conclusions A clear strategy at policy level and a multi-level approach is needed. Gender-equitable relationships between men and women should be encouraged in all maternal health interventions and health programs should step away from linking male involvement to HIV prevention. Key messages Linking the promotion of gender equality to male involvement is the key for success. Step away from linking HIV prevention to male involvement in maternal health.

Reframing HIV Prevention in Sub-Saharan Africa Using Couple-Centered Approaches

JAMA ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 304 (3) ◽  
pp. 346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina L. Grabbe
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sub Saharan

scholarly journals Prevalence of Anemia and Undernutrition of Adolescent Females in Selected Schools in Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Marina Aferiba Tandoh ◽  
Abigail Owusuaa Appiah ◽  
Anthony Kwaku Edusei
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adolescent Females ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Health And Wellness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Poor Nutrition ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Anemia among adolescent females is a major worldwide public health problem which should be given appropriate attention. Half of all anemic cases are caused by iron deficiency. In addition to anemia, poor nutrition is also a challenge in sub-Saharan Africa. This study determined the prevalence of anemia and undernutrition among adolescent females in school. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 151 adolescent females in four basic schools in the Ahafo region of Ghana. The hemoglobin level and anthropometry measures of participants were taken to determine their anemic and nutritional status. The prevalence of anemia among adolescent females in school was 50.3%. Out of the 151 participants, 6.6%, 19.9%, and 23.8% were severely anemic, moderately anemic, or mildly anemic, respectively. Only 2% of the participants were underweight, but the rate of stunting was 26.5%. The notable high prevalence of anemia that was found among adolescent females was correlated with other health and wellness concerns. Anemia and under nutrition negatively affect academic performance, productivity, and general wellbeing of adolescents; therefore, effective measures should be put in place to correct and eradicate these nutritional problems.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Correlates of Transactional Sex Among Women of Low Socioeconomic Status in Portland, Oregon

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy W Menza ◽  
Lauren Lipira ◽  
Amisha Bhattarai ◽  
Victoria Cali-DeLeon ◽  
Roberto Orellana
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Transactional Sex ◽  
Hiv Screening ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Biomedical Hiv Prevention ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis

Abstract Background: Women who report transactional sex are at increased risk for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). However,in the United States, social, behavioral, and trauma-related vulnerabilities associated with transactional sex are understudied and data on access to biomedical HIV prevention among women who report transactional sex is limited. Methods: In 2016, we conducted a population-based, cross-sectional survey of women of low socioeconomic status recruited via respondent-driven sampling in Portland, Oregon. We calculated the prevalence and,assessed the correlates of, transactional sex using generalized linear models accounting for sampling design. We also compared health outcomes,HIV screening, and knowledge and uptake of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) between women who did and did not report transactional sex.Results: Of 334 women, 13.6% reported transactional sex (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.8%, 20.5%). Women who reported transactional sex were older, more likely to identify as black, to identify as lesbian or bisexual, to experience childhood trauma and recent sexual violence, and to have been homeless. Six percent(95%CI: 1.8%, 10.5%) of women with no adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) reported transactional sex compared to 23.8%(95%CI: 13.0%, 34.6%)of women who reported eleven ACEs (P<0.001). Transactional sex was strongly associated withcombination methamphetamine and opiate use as well ascondomless sex. Women who reported transactional sex were more likely to report being diagnosed with a bacterial STI and hepatitis C; however, HIV screening and pre-exposure prophylaxis knowledge and use were low. Conclusions:In a sample ofwomen of low socioeconomic status in Portland, Oregon, transactional sex was characterized by marginalized identities, homelessness, childhood trauma, sexual violence, substance use, and sexual vulnerability to HIV/STI. Multi-level interventions that address these social, behavioral, and trauma-related factors and increase access to biomedical HIV prevention are critical to the sexual health of women who engage in transactional sex.

Male Circumcision as an HIV Prevention Strategy in Sub-Saharan Africa

JAMA ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 300 (21) ◽  
pp. 2539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence O. Gostin ◽  
Catherine A. Hankins
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Male Circumcision ◽  
Prevention Strategy ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sub Saharan

scholarly journals How men who have sex with men experience HIV health services in Kampala, Uganda

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. e001901
Author(s):  
Rachel King ◽  
Zubayiri Sebyala ◽  
Moses Ogwal ◽  
George Aluzimbi ◽  
Rose Apondi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Healthcare Access ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Health Staff ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Structural Barriers ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Sex With Men

In sub-Saharan Africa, men who have sex with men (MSM) are socially, largely hidden and face disproportionate risk for HIV infection. Attention to HIV epidemics among MSM in Uganda and elsewhere in sub-Saharan Africa has been obscured by repressive governmental policies, criminalisation, stigma and the lack of basic epidemiological data describing these epidemics. In this paper, we aim to explore healthcare access, experiences with HIV prevention services and structural barriers to using healthcare services in order to inform the acceptability of a combination HIV prevention package of services for men who have sex with men in Uganda. We held focus group discussions (FGDs) with both MSM and healthcare providers in Kampala, Uganda, to explore access to services and to inform prevention and care. Participants were recruited through theoretical sampling with criteria based on ability to answer the research questions. Descriptive thematic coding was used to analyse the FGD data. We described MSM experiences, both negative and positive, as they engaged with health services. Our findings showed that socio-structural factors, mediated by psychological and relational factors impacted MSM engagement in care. The socio-structural factors such as stigma, homophobia and policy issues emerged strongly as did the mediating factors such as relations with specific health staff and a social support structure. A combination intervention addressing structural, social and psychological barriers could have an impact even in the precarious policy environment where this study was conducted.

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