The Abnormality of the Heterosexual Male: Sex, Sexual Orientation, and the Evolutionary Explanation for Sex Differences in Jealousy

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brad J. Sagarin ◽  
D. Vaughn Becker
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Evolutionary Explanation ◽  
Heterosexual Male ◽  
Male Sex

Sex Differences in Mass Media Preferences Across Four Asian Countries

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 186-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malini Ratnasingam ◽  
Lee Ellis
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
The United States ◽  
Female Students ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Evolutionary Explanation ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Media Preferences

Background. Nearly all of the research on sex differences in mass media utilization has been based on samples from the United States and a few other Western countries. Aim. The present study examines sex differences in mass media utilization in four Asian countries (Japan, Malaysia, South Korea, and Singapore). Methods. College students self-reported the frequency with which they accessed the following five mass media outlets: television dramas, televised news and documentaries, music, newspapers and magazines, and the Internet. Results. Two significant sex differences were found when participants from the four countries were considered as a whole: Women watched television dramas more than did men; and in Japan, female students listened to music more than did their male counterparts. Limitations. A wider array of mass media outlets could have been explored. Conclusions. Findings were largely consistent with results from studies conducted elsewhere in the world, particularly regarding sex differences in television drama viewing. A neurohormonal evolutionary explanation is offered for the basic findings.

scholarly journals Regulatory Role of Sex Hormones in Cardiovascular Calcification

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4620
Author(s):  
Holly J. Woodward ◽  
Dongxing Zhu ◽  
Patrick W. F. Hadoke ◽  
Victoria E. MacRae
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Aortic Stenosis ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Primary Male

Sex differences in cardiovascular disease (CVD), including aortic stenosis, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular calcification, are well documented. High levels of testosterone, the primary male sex hormone, are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular calcification, whilst estrogen, the primary female sex hormone, is considered cardioprotective. Current understanding of sexual dimorphism in cardiovascular calcification is still very limited. This review assesses the evidence that the actions of sex hormones influence the development of cardiovascular calcification. We address the current question of whether sex hormones could play a role in the sexual dimorphism seen in cardiovascular calcification, by discussing potential mechanisms of actions of sex hormones and evidence in pre-clinical research. More advanced investigations and understanding of sex hormones in calcification could provide a better translational outcome for those suffering with cardiovascular calcification.

Sex Differences in Fertility-Related Information Received by Young Adult Cancer Survivors

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (17) ◽  
pp. 2147-2153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela M. Armuand ◽  
Kenny A. Rodriguez-Wallberg ◽  
Lena Wettergren ◽  
Johan Ahlgren ◽  
Gunilla Enblad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Postal Questionnaire ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Young Adult Cancer Survivors ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Desire To Have Children ◽  
Adult Cancer Survivors ◽  
Male Sex

Purpose The aim was to investigate male and female cancer survivors' perception of fertility-related information and use of fertility preservation (FP) in connection with cancer treatment during reproductive age. Methods The study sample consisted of cancer survivors diagnosed from 2003 to 2007 identified in population-based registers in Sweden. Inclusion criteria included survivors who were age 18 to 45 years at diagnosis and had lymphoma, acute leukemia, testicular cancer, ovarian cancer, or female breast cancer treated with chemotherapy. Of 810 eligible participants, 484 survivors (60% response rate) completed a postal questionnaire. Results The majority of male participants reported having received information about treatment impact on fertility (80%) and FP (68%), and more than half of the men banked frozen sperm (54%). Among women, less than half (48%) reported that they received information about treatment impact on fertility, and 14% reported that they received information about FP. Only seven women (2%) underwent FP. Predictors for receiving information about treatment impact on fertility were a pretreatment desire to have children (odds ratio [OR], 3.5), male sex (OR, 3.2), and being ≤ 35 years of age at diagnosis (OR, 2.0). Predictors for receiving information about FP included male sex (OR, 14.4), age ≤ 35 at diagnosis (OR, 5.1), and having no children at diagnosis (OR, 2.5). Conclusion Our results show marked sex differences regarding the receipt of fertility-related information and use of FP. There is an urgent need to develop fertility-related information adapted to female patients with cancer to improve their opportunities to participate in informed decisions regarding their treatment and future reproductive ability.

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction in Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (19) ◽  
pp. 7270
Author(s):  
Daniel Enrique Rodriguez Bauza ◽  
Patricia Silveyra
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Atopic Status ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Disease Experience ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Exercise Induced

Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is a common complication of athletes and individuals who exercise regularly. It is estimated that about 90% of patients with underlying asthma (a sexually dimorphic disease) experience EIB; however, sex differences in EIB have not been studied extensively. With the goal of better understanding the prevalence of EIB in males and females, and because atopy has been reported to occur at higher rates in athletes, in this study, we investigated sex differences in EIB and atopy in athletes. A systematic literature review identified 60 studies evaluating EIB and/or atopy in post-pubertal adult athletes (n = 7501). Collectively, these studies reported: (1) a 23% prevalence of EIB in athletes; (2) a higher prevalence of atopy in male vs. female athletes; (3) a higher prevalence of atopy in athletes with EIB; (4) a significantly higher rate of atopic EIB in male vs. female athletes. Our analysis indicates that the physiological changes that occur during exercise may differentially affect male and female athletes, and suggest an interaction between male sex, exercise, and atopic status in the course of EIB. Understanding these sex differences is important to provide personalized management plans to athletes with underlying asthma and/or atopy.

Fitting data to theory: The contribution of a comparative perspective

2005 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 294-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Stewart-Williams
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Mating Behavior ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Comparative Perspective ◽  
Evolutionary Explanation ◽  
Contextual Variables

In this commentary, I consider Schmitt's cross-cultural investigation of sociosexuality from a comparative perspective. I argue that such a perspective lends support to an evolutionary explanation of a number of Schmitt's findings, including universal sex differences in sociosexuality and the sensitivity of mating behavior to contextual variables such as sex ratio.

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Patients With Occult Cancer After Venous Thromboembolism

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Jara-Palomares ◽  
Remedios Otero ◽  
David Jiménez ◽  
Juan Manuel Praena-Fernández ◽  
Agustina Rivas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
Occult Cancer ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Increasing Risk

In patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE), male sex has been associated with an increased risk of occult cancer. The influence of sex on clinical characteristics, treatment, cancer sites, and outcome has not been thoroughly investigated yet. We used the Registro Informatizado Enfermedad TromboEmbólica registry to compare the clinical characteristics, treatment strategies, cancer sites, and clinical outcomes in patients with VTE having occult cancer, according to sex. As of June 2014, 5864 patients were recruited, of whom 444 (7.6%; 95% confidence interval: 6.8-8.2) had occult cancer. Of these, 246 (55%) were men. Median time elapsed from VTE to occult cancer was 4 months (interquartile range: 2-8.4), with no sex differences. Women were older, weighed less, and were less likely to have chronic lung disease than men. The most common cancer sites were the lung (n = 63), prostate (n = 42), and colorectal (n = 29) in men and colorectal (n = 38), breast (n = 23), uterine (n = 18), hematologic (n = 17), or pancreas (n = 15) in women. Men were more likely to have lung cancer than women (2.18% vs 0.30%; P < .01) and less likely to have pancreatic cancer (0.17% vs 0.5%; P = .03). Interestingly, breast cancer was more likely found in women aged ≥50 years than in those aged <50 years (0.97% vs 0.14%; P = .03). This study highlights the existence of sex differences in patients with VTE having occult cancer. One in every 2 men had lung, prostate, or colorectal cancer. In women, there is a heterogeneity of cancer sites, increasing risk of breast cancer in those aged >50 years.

Tourist Tales and Erotic Adventures

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica Lorraine Williams
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
African American ◽  
African Descent ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Sex Tourism ◽  
Heterosexual Male ◽  
Tourist Experience ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Women Of African Descent

This chapter examines the motivations, experiences, and subjectivities of sex tourists in Salvador by considering the experiences of a young white heterosexual male sex tourist from New York and an African American man who is not a sex tourist but who provides insights into the imagination of Brazilian women as exotic and hypersexual. More specifically, the chapter asks how sex tourists understand and articulate their racialized desires, how the tourist experience is characterized by liminality, and how the desire for “touristic intimacy” plays out in Salvador's touristscape. Drawing on the stories of the two men, the chapter shows how discourses of black hypersexuality circulate both in Brazilian sex tourism and in the transnational tourism industry. In particular, the (imagined) hypersexuality of Brazilian women of African descent plays an important role in the experiences of foreign tourists, regardless of whether or not they actually have sex with Brazilian women.

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