Interviewing self-efficacy over time and causal attributions in job search

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl Tay ◽  
Linn Van Dyne ◽  
Soon Ang
Keyword(s):  
Job Search ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Causal Attributions ◽  
Over Time

Self-Efficacy and Causal Attributions as Mediators of Perceptions of Psychological Momentum

1992 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff M. Shaw ◽  
David A. Dzewaltowski ◽  
Mary McElroy
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Causal Attributions ◽  
Failure Group ◽  
Free Throw ◽  
Competitive Outcome ◽  
Psychological Momentum ◽  
Highly Skilled ◽  
Competitive Success ◽  
Over Time

Self-efficacy and causal attributions were examined as mediators of perceived psychological momentum. Participants were randomly assigned to either a repeated success or a repeated failure group in which success or failure was manipulated by having participants compete against a highly skilled confederate. Each participant and confederate performed three sets of 10 basketball free throws. Free throw self-efficacy, perceived psychological momentum, and causal dimensions were assessed after each set. Results indicated that the success and failure manipulations were effective in that the responses changed differently over time for both groups. Experiencing competitive success increased perceptions of momentum; experiencing competitive failure decreased perceptions of momentum. In contrast, self-efficacy only changed in response to competitive success as the participants became more confident. Both groups attributed the competitive outcome to internal, personally controllable, and unstable causes.

scholarly journals Engineering students’ attitudinal beliefs by gender and student division: a methodological comparison of changes over time

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Madison E. Andrews ◽  
Anita D. Patrick ◽  
Maura Borrego
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Engineering Students ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Value Engineering ◽  
Longitudinal Analyses ◽  
Utility Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Students’ attitudinal beliefs related to how they see themselves in STEM have been a focal point of recent research, given their well-documented links to retention and persistence. These beliefs are most often assessed cross-sectionally, and as such, we lack a thorough understanding of how they may fluctuate over time. Using matched survey responses from undergraduate engineering students (n = 278), we evaluate if, and to what extent, students’ engineering attitudinal beliefs (attainment value, utility value, self-efficacy, interest, and identity) change over a 1-year period. Further, we examine whether there are differences based on gender and student division, and then compare results between cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses to illustrate weaknesses in our current understanding of these constructs. Results Our study revealed inconsistencies between cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses of the same dataset. Cross-sectional analyses indicated a significant difference by student division for engineering utility value and engineering interest, but no significant differences by gender for any variable. However, longitudinal analyses revealed statistically significant decreases in engineering utility value, engineering self-efficacy, and engineering interest for lower division students and significant decreases in engineering attainment value for upper division students over a one-year period. Further, longitudinal analyses revealed a gender gap in engineering self-efficacy for upper division students, where men reported higher means than women. Conclusions Our analyses make several contributions. First, we explore attitudinal differences by student division not previously documented. Second, by comparing across methodologies, we illustrate that different conclusions can be drawn from the same data. Since the literature around these variables is largely cross-sectional, our understanding of students’ engineering attitudes is limited. Our longitudinal analyses show variation in engineering attitudinal beliefs that are obscured when data is only examined cross-sectionally. These analyses revealed an overall downward trend within students for all beliefs that changed significantly—losses which may foreshadow attrition out of engineering. These findings provide an opportunity to introduce targeted interventions to build engineering utility value, engineering self-efficacy, and engineering interest for student groups whose means were lower than average.

The Relationship Between Career Adaptability and Job-Search Self-Efficacy of Graduates: The Bifactor Approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 106907272110022
Author(s):  
Marijana Matijaš ◽  
Darja Maslić Seršić
Keyword(s):  
Job Search ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Bifactor Model ◽  
Specific Factor ◽  
General Factor ◽  
Career Adaptability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Interview Performance

Career adaptability is an important resource for dealing with career transitions such as the transition from university to work. Previous research emphasized the importance of focusing on career adapt-abilities instead only on general career adaptability. The aim of this research was to investigate whether career adaptability can be conceptualized as a bifactor model and whether general and specific dimensions of career adaptability have a relationship with job-search self-efficacy of graduates. In an online cross-sectional study, 667 graduates completed the Career Adapt-Abilities Scale and Job Search Skill and Confidence Scale. The CFA analysis showed that the bifactor model of career adaptability had a good fit where general factor explained most of the items’ variance. The SEM analysis revealed that general career adaptability and the specific factor of confidence positively correlated with job-search and interview performance self-efficacy. Control only correlated with interview performance self-efficacy. Neither concern nor curiosity showed a significant relationship with job-search and interview performance self-efficacy.

scholarly journals Job Seekers’ Self-Directed Learning Activities Explained Through the Lens of Regulatory Focus

2021 ◽  
pp. 089484532199164
Author(s):  
Adam M. Kanar ◽  
Dave Bouckenooghe
Keyword(s):  
Job Search ◽  
Regulatory Focus ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Self Directed Learning ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Directed Learning ◽  
Job Searching

This study aimed to understand the role of regulatory focus for influencing self-directed learning activities during a job search. The authors surveyed 185 job-searching university students at two time points to explore the conditions under which regulatory focus (promotion and prevention foci) impacts self-directed learning activities and the number of employment interviews secured. Both promotion and prevention foci showed significant relationships with self-directed learning activities and number of interviews, and positive and negative affect partially mediated these relationships. The relationships between both regulatory focus strategies and self-directed learning were also contingent on self-efficacy. More specifically, prevention focus and self-directed learning showed a positive relationship for job seekers with high levels of self-efficacy but a negative one for job seekers with low levels of self-efficacy. This research extends the understanding of the role of regulatory focus in the context of self-directed learning during a job search. Implications for research and practice are discussed.

scholarly journals In-work Universal Credit: Claimant Experiences of Conditionality Mismatches and Counterproductive Benefit Sanctions

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
SHARON WRIGHT ◽  
PETER DWYER
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Job Search ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Benefit Sanctions ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Universal Credit is the UK’s globally innovative social security reform that replaces six means tested benefits with one monthly payment for working age claimants - combining social security and tax credit systems. Universal Credit expands welfare conditionality via mandatory job search conditions to enhance ‘progression’ amongst working claimants by requiring extra working hours or multiple jobs. This exposes low paid workers to tough benefit sanctions for non-compliance, which could remove essential income indefinitely or for fixed periods of up to three years. Our unique contribution is to establish how this new regime is experienced at micro level by in-work claimants over time. We present findings from Qualitative Longitudinal Research (141 interviews with 58 claimants, 2014-17), to demonstrate how UC impacts on in-work recipients and how conditionality produces a new coerced worker-claimant model of social support. We identify a series of welfare conditionality mismatches and conclude that conditionality for in-work claimants is largely counterproductive. This implies a redesign of the UK system and serves as an international warning to potential policy emulators.

scholarly journals 409 - Trends in Involvement, Perceived Role, Role Overload and Self-efficacy of Family Carers of People with Dementia in Care Homes

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (S1) ◽  
pp. 125-125
Author(s):  
Marleen Prins ◽  
Bernadette Willemse ◽  
Marlous Tuithof ◽  
Henriëtte van der Roest ◽  
Anne Margriet Pot
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Care Home ◽  
Care Homes ◽  
Role Overload ◽  
Family Carers ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Person Centered Care ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Centered Care ◽  
Over Time

IntroductionThe quality of long-term care provided to people with dementia (PwD) in care homes can be improved by implementing person-centered care. Family carers of PwD living in care homes are an important part of person-centered care. However, they often experience high levels of burden, even when a family member with dementia lives in a care home. This study examines trends in the involvement of family carers and their perceived role, role overload and self-efficacy.MethodsData from the Living Arrangements for People with Dementia study, a cross-sectional monitoring study that evaluates developments in care for PwD in care homes in the Netherlands, with four measurement cycles between 2008-2017 was used. Data from the three most current measurement cycles were used, with respectively 144, 47 and 49 participating care homes and 888, 392 and 401 participating family carers. Family involvement was measured by the number of hours per week that family carers visited the PwD and the type of activities they undertook. Perceived caregiving role was measured with the Family Perceptions of Caregiving Role instrument. We used the Self-Perceived Pressure by Informal Care to measure role overload and a 37-item questionnaire was used to measure self-efficacy. We investigated the changes over time (e.g., measurement cycles) of these measures.ResultsThe number of hours that family carers visited the PwD did not change over time. However, there was a trend towards an increase in the variety of activities they undertook. Their perceived caregiving role did not change over time. Self-efficacy of family carers increased over time and they reported more feelings of role overload.ConclusionsDuring the past decade, there has been an increasing trend towards family carers doing more diverse activities with PwD in carer homes. Family carers did feel more competent in their caring role, although their feelings of role overload also increased. Continuing attention is therefore needed for the psychological well-being of family carers after a person with dementia moves to a care home.

The Sources and Maintenance of Professional Golfers’ Self-Efficacy Beliefs

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gio Valiante ◽  
David B. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Outcome Expectations ◽  
Efficacy Beliefs ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Thought Patterns ◽  
Mastery Experiences ◽  
Professional Golfers ◽  
Over Time

The purpose of this study was to explore the self-efficacy beliefs of male professional golfers (N = 12). Three themes emerged from the qualitative analysis of interview responses. First, enactive mastery experiences were the most powerful source of self-efficacy. Second, golfers maintained high self-efficacy over time by recalling prior success, strategically framing experiences, and enlisting supportive verbal persuasions from themselves and from others. Finally, self-efficacy influenced professional golfers’ thought patterns, outcome expectations, and emotional states. Findings support and refine the theoretical tenets of Bandura’s social cognitive theory.

The Study of the Impact of Job Search Self-efficacy on College Students’ interview Faking Behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-257
Author(s):  
Zhang Jie ◽  
Zou Weifeng ◽  
Zhang Jin ◽  
Huang Wentao ◽  
Luo Qiuchi
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Job Search ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
The Impact

Changes in Middle School Students’ Motivation Toward Physical Education Over One School Year

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 378-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zan Gao ◽  
Amelia M. Lee ◽  
Melinda A. Solmon ◽  
Tao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Middle School Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Educational Practice ◽  
Future Research ◽  
School Students ◽  
Task Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Over Time

This study investigated the relationships and mean-level changes of middle school students’ motivation (expectancy-related beliefs, task values, self-efficacy, and outcome expectancy) toward physical education over time, and how gender affected students’ motivation. Participants (N = 206) completed questionnaires over a 1-year period: once in the sixth and seventh grades and again in the seventh and eighth grades. Results yielded that self-efficacy and task values were positive predictors of students’ intention across cohorts. The mean levels of self-efficacy decreased over time for students in Cohort 1 (across sixth and seventh grades). However, results revealed a consistent decline in the mean levels of other motivational variables for both cohorts. No gender differences emerged for the variables. The findings are discussed in regard to the implications for educational practice, and future research areas are presented.

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