Long-term success as a runner: Intrinsic vs. extrinsic motivation

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bob Pulvermacher ◽  
Amanda M. Durik ◽  
Stephanie Orbon ◽  
Thomas Aicher
Keyword(s):  
Extrinsic Motivation

scholarly journals Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic Motivation as Drivers for Early Engagement in Research by Medical Students

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yassar Alamri ◽  
Erik Monasterio ◽  
Lutz Beckert ◽  
Tim J Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Extrinsic Motivation ◽  
Self Determination Theory ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Research Engagement ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Research Involvement ◽  
Key Factor

Abstract BackgroundA student’s motivation is a key factor in their success in undertaking an education endeavour. However, how this relates to involvement in research by medical students is unclear.MethodsAn electronic questionnaire was sent to all medical students at our institution. To ascertain students’ motivation to undertake research, they were asked an open-ended question to describe the single major factor that would encourage them to get involved in research as a medical student. A framework of self-determination theory was used to deductively code the responses as intrinsic motivation (‘IM’; e.g., interest/passion) or extrinsic motivation (‘EM’; e.g. improving CV). The two groups were then contrasted in relation to their research engagement.ResultsA total of 348 students were included in the survey, of whom 204 were coded as IM responses, and 144 were coded as EM responses. Students who engaged in extra-curricular research activities were more likely to report an underlying EM (48% vs. 36%, p = 0.03). They were also older (23.7 ± 3.5 vs. 21.9 ± 3.7, p = 0.005), and more likely to have completed a prior research degree (15% vs. 3%, p = 0.01).ConclusionIn this study, EM was a bigger influencer on research involvement by medical students than IM. Future studies should explore promoters of IM, and include longitudinal data in order to assess whether EM students continue to be involved in research long-term.

scholarly journals The Effect of Training Results Perception on Individual Work Performance of Employee Moderated by Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 208
Author(s):  
Hidayah Turachma ◽  
Hidajat Hendarsjah
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Extrinsic Motivation ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Intrinsic And Extrinsic Motivation ◽  
Individual Work ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Executive Position

This study aims at examining the effect of training results perceptions on individual work performance of employee, and intrinsic and extrinsic motivation serving as moderation strengthening that effect. T his study was quantitative research selecting 453 samples out of 1.311 population from PT KAI’s employees in which they are executive officer. The data collection was done using a close questionnaire with Likert scale 1-5. All valid and reliable instruments were assessed through Factor Analysis and Cronbach's Alpha Analysis. Hypothesis testing is carried out using Hierarchical Regression Analysis by including the Multicollinearity test as a prerequisite for analysis. The study results showed that training result perceptions and extrinsic motivation simultaneously or partially have a positive and significant effect on individual work performance of employee, but intrinsic motivation have no significant effect. Intrinsic or extrinsic motivation does not moderate or strengthen the relationship between training result perceptions and individual work performance of employee. The three independent variables are not related to each other. PT KAI’s employees, especially those in executive position, are more oriented towards extrinsic results than intrinsic ones. The implication for PT KAI is that to improve the individual work performance of its employees, the organization can focus on improving training, external motivation or both. It depends on the vision, long-term goals, and resources of PT KAI.

scholarly journals MOTIVASI PASANGAN USIA SUBUR (PUS) MENGGUNAKAN METODE KONTRASEPSI JANGKA PANJANG (MKJP) DI KECAMATAN MARTAPURA KABUPATEN BANJAR PROVINSI KALIMANTAN SELATAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Zakaria Lestari ◽  
Deasy Arisanty ◽  
Ellyn Normelani
Keyword(s):  
Extrinsic Motivation ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Equal Opportunities ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Level Of Knowledge

This research entitled, “entitled Motivation spouses of fertile age ( PUS ) Using Long Term Contraception Method ( LTCM ) in the district of South Kalimantan MartapuraBanjar district” . This study aimed to use the EFA motivation Long -term contraception method ( LTM ) in District MartapuraBanjar district . The population in this study are spouses of fertile age ( PUS ) Participants KB active totaling 2,149 inhabitants in the district Martapura using the technique of taking random ie all spouses of fertile age ( PUS ) District of Martapura the planning participants active equal opportunities to be selected into the sample with a view on the tables Isaac and Michale obtained MartapuraSubdistrict samples totaling 327 respondents. The method used diskriftif with quantitative approach . Data collection techniques are primary data obtained from questionnaires , while secondary data obtained from the study of documents and studies pustak . Sampling was conducted using sampling techniques probality . Data analysis technique used is the percentage and scoring techniques . The description and analysis of the data described can be interpreted as motivational couples of childbearing age use a long-term contraceptive methods in District MartapuraBanjar district can be said to be high . The results showed motivation is an impulse that drives a person to behave , distribute and berintraksi to the situation. Motivation spouses of fertile age ( PUS ) MartapuraSubdistrict Using Long Term Contraception Method ( LTM ) . Intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation that affects spouses of fertile age ( PUS ) Using Long Term Contraception Method ( LTM ) m ie Age / age , level of knowledge , level of education . Extrinsic motivation that affects spouses of fertile age ( PUS ) Using Long Term Contraception Method ( LTM ) is the level of employment .

scholarly journals The interaction of curiosity and reward on long-term memory in younger and older adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liyana T. Swirsky ◽  
Audrey Shulman ◽  
Julia Spaniol
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Extrinsic Motivation ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Monetary Reward ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Joint Effects ◽  
Face Stimuli

AbstractThe study was conducted to examine the individual and joint effects of extrinsic motivation, manipulated via monetary reward, and curiosity, a form of intrinsic motivation, on long-term memory in the context of a trivia paradigm, in healthy younger and older adults. During the incidental encoding phase on Day 1, 60 younger and 53 older participants viewed high- and low-curiosity trivia as well as unrelated face stimuli. Half of the participants in each age group received financial rewards for correctly guessing trivia answers. On Day 2, participants completed old-new recognition tests for trivia and face stimuli. Both curiosity and reward were associated with enhanced trivia recall, but the effects were interactive, such that only low-curiosity items benefitted from monetary reward. Neither curiosity nor reward affected face recognition performance in either age group. This pattern was similar for younger and older adults. The current data indicate that individual and joint effects of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation on long-term memory are relatively preserved in healthy aging, a finding that highlights the viability of motivational strategies for memory enhancement into old age. Identifying conditions under which memory for unrelated information benefits from motivational spillover effects is a priority for future research.

scholarly journals Predictors of Long-term Exercise Maintenance among College Aged Adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica R. Scioli-Salter ◽  
Marie A. Sillice ◽  
Karen S. Mitchell ◽  
Ann M. Rasmusson ◽  
Kelly Allsup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Extrinsic Motivation ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exercise Maintenance ◽  
Integrated Regulation

Background and Purpose: Participation in regular exercise is low among young adults and is contributing to a rapid increase in obesity and chronic health conditions. Enhancing motivation is a key element in exercise initiation and maintenance. The current investigation considers factors relevant to the transtheoretical model (TTM), self-determination theory (SDT), self-efficacy (SE), and body image anxiety (BIA) in relation to college students’ motivation to exercise. Design and Main Outcome Measures: In this cross sectional study, lower division college students (N=614, 64% female, 36% male) completed an online survey of exercise behavior, motivation, SE and BIA. Results: BIA was related to both controlled extrinsic (external and introjected regulations) and autonomous extrinsic (integrated regulation) SDT motivational variables, as well as intrinsic motivation. Exercise maintenance was most strongly associated with integrated regulation, a “selfdetermined” motivational state, and SE. Conclusion: The current study provides support for the central tenet of SDT indicating that intrinsic and extrinsic motivation are not mutually exclusive constructs. Helping individuals with BIA develop a more intrinsic approach to exercise is integral for fostering long-term exercise maintenance. Thus, future research should focus on developing interventions that enhance integrated regulation and SE in order to promote exercise maintenance and reduce associated BIA.

From Outside-In to Inside-Out: A Qualitative Analysis of Childhood Motivation by Achievers in AWANA Programs

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael W. Firmin ◽  
Perry C. Kuhn ◽  
Jared D. Michonski ◽  
Terra N. Posten
Keyword(s):  
Extrinsic Motivation ◽  
Sixth Grade ◽  
Motivational Factors ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Sixth Grade Students ◽  
Building Activities ◽  
Character Building ◽  
Inside Out

This study explored the motivational factors of elementary students participating in AWANA, an evangelical Christian religious club. A qualitative research design was employed to gather data from 52 participants in six states. Participants consisted of 24 male and 28 female sixth grade students in the final year of club participation who were eligible to complete the program in Spring 2004. Involvement with AWANA entails Scripture memory and other character-building activities. Data collection consisted of semi-structured interviews with open-ended questions regarding their overall club experience and motivation. Results were analyzed to assess motivational factors contributing to long-term club participation and completion of the program. By long-term, we indicate that the majority of students had participated in the program enough years to complete the required books for the Timothy Award. Overall, we found that award recipients began AWANA with an outside-in, or extrinsic, motivation. However, by the time they achieved their awards, they seemed to have converted to more of an inside-out, or intrinsic, motivation.

scholarly journals Choosing an activity that suits: development and validation of a questionnaire on motivational competence in exercise and sport

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Schorno ◽  
Gorden Sudeck ◽  
Vanessa Gut ◽  
Achim Conzelmann ◽  
Julia Schmid
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Extrinsic Motivation ◽  
Sport Activity ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Sport Activities ◽  
Development And Validation

AbstractThe current study presents the development and validation of a questionnaire on motivational competence in exercise and sport. Motivational competence characterises the self-determined ability to choose a suitable exercise and sport activity. Knowing one’s own preferences and what to expect in different activities helps people to make this choice, which, in turn, supports them in maintaining their physical activity (PA) on a long-term and regular basis. The developed items cover the following three components of motivational competence: 1) knowing one’s own preferences, 2) knowing what to expect in different exercise and sport activities, and 3) choosing and arranging an exercise and sport activity. Psychometric properties were checked using a sample with N = 667 adults (Mage = 42.49, SD = 14.71, 62% female). The final one-dimensional scale consists of four items. Construct validity showed positive relationships to intrinsic and identified motivation modes of self-concordance and conversely no relationship to introjected and low negative to extrinsic motivation. For criterion validity, the structural equation modeling demonstrated that motivational competence and PA-specific self-control are independently and positively associated with exercise and sport behaviour. Overall, the newly developed scale is a psychometrically sound and economical instrument to be used in exercise and sport promotion (e.g. counselling) and research.

Therapy and prevention for mental health: What if mental diseases are mostly not brain disorders?

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. A. Ioannidis
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
Brain Disorders ◽  
Social Stressors ◽  
Labor Education ◽  
Mental Diseases ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Political Decisions

AbstractNeurobiology-based interventions for mental diseases and searches for useful biomarkers of treatment response have largely failed. Clinical trials should assess interventions related to environmental and social stressors, with long-term follow-up; social rather than biological endpoints; personalized outcomes; and suitable cluster, adaptive, and n-of-1 designs. Labor, education, financial, and other social/political decisions should be evaluated for their impacts on mental disease.

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