Eating Attitudes, Weight Control Behaviours, and Physical Self- Perceptions in Female Athletes Retired from Appearance-Based Sports

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Walsh ◽  
Harriet Speed ◽  
Tony Morris
Keyword(s):  
Weight Control ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Self Perceptions

scholarly journals Gender-Typed Sport Practice, Physical Self-Perceptions, and Performance-Related Emotions in Adolescent Girls

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 8518
Author(s):  
Milena Morano ◽  
Claudio Robazza ◽  
Montse C. Ruiz ◽  
Stefania Cataldi ◽  
Francesco Fischetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation System ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Sport Practice ◽  
Sport Activities ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Aesthetic Sports

Youth sport experience provides opportunities for physical, personal, and social development in youngsters. Sport is a social system in which socially constructed gender differences and stereotypes are incorporated, and specific sport activities are often perceived as gender characterized. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between some salient physical and emotional self-perceptions and the type of sport practiced. A sample of 261 female athletes, aged 14–21 years (Mage = 15.59, SD = 2.00), practicing different sports, categorized as feminine (e.g., artistic and rhythmic gymnastics), masculine (e.g., soccer and rugby), or neutral (e.g., track and field and tennis), took part in a cross-sectional study. Significant differences were observed between aesthetic sports and other types of sports. Athletes involved in aesthetic sports reported the lowest values in their feelings of confidence and the highest values in feelings of worry related to competition. This may be attributed to the evaluation system of aesthetic sports, in which the athlete’s performance is evaluated by a jury. At the same time, they reported low values of dysfunctional psychobiosocial states associated with their general sport experience, likely because of their physical appearance close to the current body social standards for girls. Notwithstanding the differences by type of sport, athletes of all disciplines reported high mean values of functional psychobiosocial states, suggesting that their overall sporting experience was good.

scholarly journals Changes in Eating Attitudes, Body Esteem and Weight Control Behaviours during Adolescence in a South African Cohort

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e109709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tabither M. Gitau ◽  
Lisa K. Micklesfield ◽  
John M. Pettifor ◽  
Shane A. Norris
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Body Esteem ◽  
Eating Attitudes

How abnormal is the desire for slimness? A survey of eating attitudes and behaviour among Chinese undergraduates in Hong Kong

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 437-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sing Lee
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Actual Weight ◽  
Low Prevalence

SynopsisUsing the 40-item Eating Attitudes Test and other self-report questions, a two-stage screening survey of 1020 (F 646, M 374) Chinese bilingual university students in Hong Kong showed that although female students were ‘underweight’ by Western standard, the majority of them and nearly all female students above a body mass index of 20·5 kg/m2 were cognitively inclined to diet and weigh less, albeit without being driven to actual weight control behaviour. In contrast, most male students and a minority of constitutionally thin female students clearly wished to gain weight. While a number of items were culturally inappropriate, factor analysis supported the overall cross-cultural conceptual validity of the EAT. The principal factor, reflecting dieting concerns, correlated positively with the current body mass index. Among the high scorers, only three female students with partial syndrome bulimia nervosa were identified, yielding a low prevalence of 0·46% for the spectrum of eating disorders. It is argued that the desire for slimness is widespread but its intensity and pathogenic potentiality vary across cultures. In the relative absence of obesity, it may not lead to more eating disorder.

scholarly journals Nutritional Risks among Adolescent Athletes with Disordered Eating

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 715
Author(s):  
Ioanna Kontele ◽  
Tonia Vassilakou
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Nutritional Risk ◽  
Bone Mass Density ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Adolescent Athletes ◽  
Training Requirements

In their attempt to achieve the optimum weight or body shape for their activity, athletes frequently use harmful weight-control practices that may lead to the development of disordered eating or eating disorders. These practices are linked to several medical and mental consequences that may be more serious in adolescent athletes, as their bodies must meet both intensive growth demands and training requirements at the same time. Among other consequences, adolescent athletes may be at nutritional risk, due to their high nutrient needs and unhealthy eating behaviors. A literature review was conducted to examine the main nutritional risks and malnutrition issues faced by adolescent athletes that present disordered eating attitudes or eating disorders. Most studies refer to adult elite athletes, however research on adolescent athletes also indicates that the most common nutritional risks that may arise due to disordered eating include energy, macronutrient and micronutrient deficiencies, dehydration and electrolyte imbalances and changes in body composition that may lead to menstrual abnormalities, and decreased bone mass density. Educational programs and early detection of disordered eating and eating disorders are crucial to avoid the emergence and ensure timely management of nutrition-related problems in the vulnerable group of adolescent athletes.

scholarly journals Are inappropriate eating behaviors and anxiety related with track and field in adolescent athletes?

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo de Sousa Fortes ◽  
Sebastião de Sousa Almeida ◽  
Maria Elisa Caputo Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Subscale Score ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Track And Field ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Oral Control ◽  
Food Preoccupation

OBJECTIVE: The study analyzed the relationship between anxiety and inappropriate eating behaviors in adolescent female athletes. METHODS: Eighty-eight track and field athletes aged 12 to 17 years participated in the study. We used the Eating Attitudes Test-26 subscales to assess inappropriate eating behaviors and the Brazilian State - Trait Anxiety Inventory subscales to assess State and Trait anxiety. RESULTS: State - Trait Anxiety Inventory - State (p=0.18) or State - Trait Anxiety Inventory - Trait (p=0.14) had no significant influence on the Dieting subscale score. The Bulimia and Food Preoccupation subscale score was also not influenced by State - Trait Anxiety Inventory - State (p=0.25) or State - Trait Anxiety Inventory - Trait (p=0.21). However, State - Trait Anxiety Inventory - Trait (p=0.048) had a significant impact on the Oral Control subscale score, but State - Trait Anxiety Inventory - State (p=0.19) did not explain its variance. CONCLUSION: Only State - Trait Anxiety Inventory - Trait was related to oral control and the environmental and social forces that encourage food intake in female athletes.

Social, psychological and physical correlates of eating problems. A study of the general adolescent population in Norway

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 567-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Wichstrøm
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Pubertal Timing ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Eating Problems ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Sex Role Orientation ◽  
Excessive Exercise ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Self Worth

SYNOPSISThe characteristics and concurrent predictors of eating problems were identified. Ninety-seven per cent of a representative sample of Norwegian adolescents (N = 11315) completed a questionnaire containing a 12-item version of the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT) and measures of a large number of physiological, psychological and social factors previously suggested to be of aetiological importance. Social class, drug use and indicators of ‘the model child’ (high grades, high occupational aspirations and much homework) were not related to eating problems. Logistic regression analyses identified perceived obesity as the strongest associated factor, followed by gender, depression, excessive exercise and unstable self-perceptions. In addition, adopting idols with perfect bodies, body dissatisfaction, low self-worth, feminine sex-role orientation, lack of parental care, early pubertal timing, age and number of alcohol intoxications all added to the probability of eating problems. About 6% perceived themselves as obese in spite of subnormal BMI. Such misperceptions increased the risk of high scores on EAT.

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