The effect of pre-existing affiliation on ingroup bias in a state of heightened competition

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine M. Knight ◽  
Sarah N. Blythe
Keyword(s):  
Ingroup Bias

Experimental evidence of contagious stretching and ingroup bias in budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus).

2017 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew C. Gallup ◽  
Janine Militello ◽  
Lexington Swartwood ◽  
Serena Sackett
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Ingroup Bias ◽  
Melopsittacus Undulatus

scholarly journals Educating to Tolerance: Effects of Communicating Social Psychology Research Findings

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 476-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco La Barbera
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Ingroup Bias ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Psychology Research ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
School Students ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
High Motivation ◽  
Level Of Motivation

The effect of communicating social psychology research findings on ingroup bias in a classroom setting has been investigated. Two hundred and twenty one high school students either read or did not read a brief report about three classical social psychological studies, then completed evaluation scales for the ingroup and the outgroup. Participants’ motivation was manipulated, and the messages were different as regards the congruency between the content and participants’ actual intergroup experience. Results showed that communication exerted a significant effect in reducing ingroup bias for participants in the high motivation/high congruency condition, that is, the communication effect was moderated by the individual’s level of motivation and the content of the arguments proposed in the report. Practical implications of results for education work and stereotype change, limitations of the study, as well as possible directions for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Don’t Burn our Flag: Patriotism, Perceived Threat, and the Impact of Desecrating a National Symbol on Intergroup Attitudes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaëlle Marinthe ◽  
Benoît Testé ◽  
Rodolphe Kamiejski
Keyword(s):  
Negative Evaluation ◽  
Ingroup Bias ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Visible Minorities ◽  
National Symbols ◽  
National Attachment ◽  
Strong Attachment ◽  
National Flag ◽  
The Impact

Desecration of national symbols is a recurring societal phenomenon that can lead to highly defensive reactions from some citizens, especially on the part of those expressing a strong attachment to the nation. In this paper, we investigated the effects of blind and constructive patriotism when faced with an ingroup (vs. outgroup) national flag burning on ingroup bias, taking into consideration the mediating role of perceived threat. In two studies (N = 252), the level of blind patriotism predicted stronger ingroup bias—due to more negative evaluation of visible minorities and/or more positive evaluation of the ingroup—when another ingroup¬ member burnt an ingroup (vs. outgroup) flag. This effect was partly mediated by a greater threat to the group’s image perceived by blindly patriotic people when the ingroup (vs. outgroup) flag was burnt (Study 2). Study 2 also highlighted a main effect of the symbol: ingroup bias was stronger when the ingroup (vs. outgroup) flag was burnt. We discuss the implications of our findings with respect to the role played by modes of national attachment and the consequences of desecrating symbols.

scholarly journals A Decade of System Justification Theory: Accumulated Evidence of Conscious and Unconscious Bolstering of the Status Quo

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Jost ◽  
Mahzarin R. Banaji ◽  
Brian A. Nosek
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
System Justification ◽  
Ingroup Bias ◽  
System Justification Theory ◽  
Disadvantaged Groups ◽  
The Status ◽  
Outgroup Favoritism

Most theories in social and political psychology stress self-interest, intergroup conflict, ethnocentrism, homophily, ingroup bias, outgroup antipathy, dominance, and resistance. System justification theory is influenced by these perspectives—including social identity and social dominance theories—but it departs from them in several respects. Specifically, we argue that (a) there is a general ideological motive to justify the existing social order, (b) this motive is at least partially responsible for the internalization of inferiority among members of disadvantaged groups, and (c) paradoxically, it is sometimes strongest among those who are most harmed by the status quo. In this article, we review and integrate 10 years of research on 20 hypotheses derived from a system justification perspective, focusing especially on the phenomenon of implicit outgroup favoritism among members of disadvantaged groups (including African Americans, the elderly, and gays/lesbians) and its relation to political ideology (especially liberalism-conservatism).

scholarly journals Social identity and social value orientations

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozan Aksoy
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Absolute Difference ◽  
Ingroup Bias ◽  
Social Value Orientation ◽  
Orientation Model ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Value Orientations

This study provides an extension of the social value orientation model and a tool, other-other Decomposed Games, to quantify the influence of social identity on social value orientations. Social identity is induced experimentally using the minimal group paradigm. Subsequently, the weights subjects add to the outcomes of outgroup others relative to ingroup others and to the absolute difference between the outcomes of ingroup and outgroup others are estimated. Results are compared to a control condition in which social identity is not induced. Results show that when the outgroup is better off than the ingroup, the average subject is spiteful: they derive negative utility from the outcomes of the outgroup other. When the ougroup is worse off than the ingroup, the average subject attaches similar weights to the outcomes of outgroup and ingroup others. There is also significant variation across subjects with respect to the level of ingroup bias.

Ingroup Projection in American Politics: An Obstacle to Bipartisanship

2021 ◽  
pp. 194855062110467
Author(s):  
Angela C. Bell ◽  
Collette P. Eccleston ◽  
Leigh A. Bradberry ◽  
William C. Kidd ◽  
Catherine C. Mesick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
American Politics ◽  
Political Polarization ◽  
Ingroup Bias ◽  
Lower Likelihood

One potential obstacle to cooperation between political parties is ingroup projection, the tendency for members of subgroups to define superordinate groups based on characteristics of their own ingroups. In five studies spanning 11 years and three presidential administrations, we demonstrated that ingroup projection can be an obstacle that prevents bipartisanship between Republicans and Democrats. Study 1 showed that Americans perceived political ingroups as more prototypical of Americans than outgroups and that the degree of mismatch between the outgroup and the superordinate group was associated with ingroup bias. Studies 2–5 demonstrated that perceiving the outgroup as poorly fitting the prototype of the superordinate group predicted opposition to bipartisan cooperation and a lower likelihood of having engaged in bipartisan behavior (Studies 4 and 5). These studies provide evidence for ingroup projection among American political parties and suggest that it contributes to political polarization.

scholarly journals Collectively biased representations of the past: Ingroup Bias in Wikipedia articles about intergroup conflicts

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 791-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aileen Oeberst ◽  
Ina Beck ◽  
Christina Matschke ◽  
Toni Alexander Ihme ◽  
Ulrike Cress
Keyword(s):  
Ingroup Bias ◽  
The Past ◽  
Intergroup Conflicts

Status, Legitimacy, and Ingroup Bias in the Context of an Organizational Merger

2001 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah J. Terry ◽  
Anne T. O’Brien
Keyword(s):  
Ingroup Bias

scholarly journals The Origins of Intergroup Resource Inequality Influence Children’s Decision to Perpetuate or Rectify Inequality

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing An ◽  
Jing Yu ◽  
Liqi Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Regional Disparity ◽  
Ingroup Bias ◽  
Resource Allocations ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Internal Factor ◽  
Intergroup Inequality ◽  
Different Origins ◽  
Factor Difference

Previous studies have explored children’s intergroup resource allocation in the context of preexisting intergroup resource inequality. However, resource inequality between social groups often originates from different factors. This study explored the role of the origins of resource inequality on children’s intergroup resource allocations. In experiment 1, when there was no explicit origin of the intergroup inequality, children of different ages mainly allocated resources in an equal way and 5- to 6-year-olds showed ingroup bias. In experiment 2, we examined the influence of different origins of intergroup inequality and found that 5- to 6-year-olds perpetuated intergroup inequality when resource inequality was based on either a structural (regional disparity) or an internal factor (difference in performance). However, 10- to 11-year-olds rectified inequality or allocated equally when intergroup inequality was based on regional disparity and perpetuated resource inequality when intergroup inequality was based on performance difference. The origins of inequality appear to play an important role in children’s intergroup resource allocations, and older children can distinguish different origins of intergroup inequality in resource allocation.

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