A solution to the single-question crowd wisdom problem

Nature ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 541 (7638) ◽  
pp. 532-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dražen Prelec ◽  
H. Sebastian Seung ◽  
John McCoy
Keyword(s):  
Crowd Wisdom ◽  
Single Question

Speed vs. comfort: Testing the efficacy of a single question for predicting transit users’ route choices

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph John Pyne Simons ◽  
Ilya Farber
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Efficient Method ◽  
Choice Task ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Single Item ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Single Question ◽  
Insight Into

Not all transit users have the same preferences when making route decisions. Understanding the factors driving this heterogeneity enables better tailoring of policies, interventions, and messaging. However, existing methods for assessing these factors require extensive data collection. Here we present an alternative approach - an easily-administered single item measure of overall preference for speed versus comfort. Scores on the self-report item predict decisions in a choice task and account for a proportion of the differences in model parameters between people (n=298). This single item can easily be included on existing travel surveys, and provides an efficient method to both anticipate the choices of users and gain more general insight into their preferences.

Tracking development with Baby CROINC: The interplay of parent experience, usage, and technology approach (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayelet Ben-Sasson ◽  
Eli Ben-Sasson ◽  
Kayla Jacobs ◽  
Rotem Malinovitch
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Screening ◽  
Technology Competence ◽  
Proactive Approach ◽  
Crowd Wisdom ◽  
System P ◽  
Parent Experience ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Actual Use ◽  
Perceived Usability ◽  
Crowd Intelligence

BACKGROUND To lower barriers to developmental screening, we designed Baby CROINC (CROwd INtelligence Curation), a digital platform to help parents track and assess their children’s development through crowd wisdom. OBJECTIVE To understand users’ experiences using Baby CROINC in relation to users’ technological competence and attitudes, while considering the influence of their children’s presented developmental evaluations and parents’ actual use of the system. METHODS Mothers of 260 children (M age= 17.6 months, SD=13.7) used Baby CROINC for two weeks. They entered developmental milestones on their children’s developmental diary timeline and received statistical developmental percentile reports. Mothers then completed Usability and Technology Profile Questionnaires. RESULTS Mothers’ experiences of the Baby CROINC system usability were associated with their attitudes toward solving technological problems, mediated by frequency of engagement in Internet activities. Mothers with a proactive approach toward solving technology problems, engage in a wide range of Internet activities, and/or view the Internet as integral to their lives had a better experience with Baby CROINC than mothers who did not. The system’s perceived usability was not associated with the crowd-based child developmental percentiles or quantity of mothers’ usage of the system. CONCLUSIONS Parent’s user experiences correlate with their technology competence and problem solving attitude but is not correlated with their child’s developmental status. Developmental screening platforms need to solve the tension between requiring active engagement and encouraging proactive parenting.

scholarly journals “SQiD, the Single Question in Delirium; can a single question help clinicians to detect delirium in hospitalised cancer patients?” running heading Single Question in Delirium” (Bcan-D-20-01665)

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan B. Sands ◽  
Swapnil Sharma ◽  
Lindsay Carpenter ◽  
Andrew Hartshorn ◽  
Jessica T. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Confusion Assessment Method ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Clinical Staff ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Diagnostic Values ◽  
D 20 ◽  
Single Question

Abstract Aim A serious syndrome for cancer in-patients, delirium risk increases with age and medical acuity. Screening tools exist but detection is frequently delayed or missed. We test the ‘Single Question in Delirium’ (SQiD), in comparison to psychiatrist clinical interview. Methods Inpatients in two comprehensive cancer centres were prospectively screened. Clinical staff asked informants to respond to the SQiD: “Do you feel that [patient’s name] has been more confused lately?”. The primary endpoint was negative predictive value (NPV) of the SQiD versus psychiatrist diagnosis (Diagnostic and Statistics Manual criteria). Secondary endpoints included: NPV of the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM), sensitivity, specificity and Cohen’s Kappa coefficient. Results Between May 2012 and July 2015, the SQiD plus CAM was applied to 122 patients; 73 had the SQiD and psychiatrist interview. Median age was 65 yrs. (interquartile range 54–74), 46% were female; median length of hospital stay was 12 days (5–18 days). Major cancer types were lung (19%), gastric or other upper GI (15%) and breast (14%). 70% of participants had stage 4 cancer. Diagnostic values were similar between the SQiD (NPV = 74, 95% CI 67–81; kappa = 0.32) and CAM (NPV = 72, 95% CI 67–77, kappa = 0.32), compared with psychiatrist interview. Overall the CAM identified only a small number of delirious cases but all were true positives. The specificity of the SQiD was 87% (74–95) The SQiD had higher sensitivity than CAM (44% [95% CI 41–80] vs 26% [10–48]). Conclusion The SQiD, administered by bedside clinical staff, was feasible and its psychometric properties are now better understood. The SQiD can contribute to delirium detection and clinical care for hospitalised cancer patients.

scholarly journals Self-reported causes of cancer among 6881 survivors with 6 tumour types: results from the PROFILES registry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Vlooswijk ◽  
Olga Husson ◽  
Simone Oerlemans ◽  
Nicole Ezendam ◽  
Dounya Schoormans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Causal Attributions ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Comorbid Conditions ◽  
Prostate Cancer Survivors ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
External Causes ◽  
Single Question

Abstract Objective Our aim was to describe and compare self-reported causal attributions (interpretations of what caused an illness) among cancer survivors and to assess which sociodemographic and clinical characteristics are associated with them. Methods Data from five population-based PROFILES registry samples (i.e. lymphoma (n = 993), multiple myeloma (n = 156), colorectal (n = 3989), thyroid (n = 306), endometrial (n = 741), prostate cancer (n = 696)) were used. Causal attributions were assessed with a single question. Results The five most often reported causal attributions combined were unknown (21%), lifestyle (19%), biological (16%), other (14%), and stress (12%). Lymphoma (49%), multiple myeloma (64%), thyroid (55%), and prostate (64%) cancer patients mentioned fixed causes far more often than modifiable or modifiable/fixed. Colorectal (33%, 34%, and 33%) and endometrial (38%, 32%, and 30%) cancer survivors mentioned causes that were fixed, modifiable, or both almost equally often. Colorectal, endometrial, and prostate cancer survivors reported internal causes most often, whereas multiple myeloma survivors more often reported external causes, while lymphoma and thyroid cancer survivors had almost similar rates of internal and external causes. Females, those older, those treated with hormonal therapy, and those diagnosed with prostate cancer were less likely to identify modifiable causes while those diagnosed with stage 2, singles, with ≥2 comorbid conditions, and those with endometrial cancer were more likely to identify modifiable causes. Conclusion In conclusion, this study showed that patients report both internal and external causes of their illness and both fixed and modifiable causes. This differsbetween the various cancer types. Implications for Cancer Survivors Although the exact cause of cancer in individual patients is often unknown, having a well-informed perception of the modifiable causes of one’s cancer is valuable since it can possibly help survivors with making behavioural adjustments in cases where this is necessary or possible.

scholarly journals The effective screening tools for detecting hearing loss in elderly population: HHIE-ST Versus TSQ

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nichtima Chayaopas ◽  
Pornthep Kasemsiri ◽  
Panida Thanawirattananit ◽  
Patorn Piromchai ◽  
Kwanchanok Yimtae
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Effective Screening ◽  
Hearing Disability ◽  
Test Study ◽  
Combined Test ◽  
Single Question

Abstract Background Globally increasing number of elders is concerned. Hearing loss process in older adults cannot be avoided. An effective screening tool for hearing loss is essential for proper diagnosis and rehabilitation, which can improve QOL in older adults. Methods This prospective-diagnostic test study evaluates the diagnostic value of Thai version of the Hearing Handicap Inventory for Elderly Screening (HHIE-ST) and the Thai Single Question (TSQ) surveys in screening hearing disability in 1109 Thai participants aged 60 years and older in communities in four provinces in Thailand. The HHIE-ST consisted of 10 selected questions from the validated HHIE-Thai version. A TSQ survey was developed to have the same meaning as an English Single Question survey. The participants answered both questionnaires, and a standard audiometry test assessed with air conduction from 250 to 8000 Hz was included as a gold standard. Results The prevalence of hearing disability was 38.34%. The HHIE-ST achieved a sensitivity of 88.96% (95% CI 85.77–91.64) and specificity of 52.19% (95% CI 48.24–56.13) for diagnosis hearing disability in Thai older adults, whereas the TSQ yielded a sensitivity of 88.73% and a specificity of 55.93%. A combined test including the HHIE-ST and TSQ achieved better performance with sensitivity of 85.29% and specificity of 60.13%. Conclusions Either the HHIE-ST or the TSQ is a sensitive and useful tool for screening hearing disability in Thai older adults. Using the HHIE-ST together with the TSQ resulted in a better screening tool for detecting moderate hearing loss older adults who will benefit and recommended for hearing rehabilitation. Trial registration The study is registered with the following number in the Thai Clinical Trials Registry: TCTR20151015003. Date of registration October 14, 2015.

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