scholarly journals Does weight loss reduce the incidence of total knee and hip replacement for osteoarthritis?—A prospective cohort study among middle-aged and older adults with overweight or obesity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingzhong Jin ◽  
Alice A. Gibson ◽  
Joanne Gale ◽  
Francisco Schneuer ◽  
Ding Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Hip Replacement ◽  
Baseline Body Mass Index ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Overweight Or Obesity

Abstract Objective This study aims to investigate the association between weight change and total knee or hip replacement (TKR or THR) for OA among middle-aged and older adults with overweight or obesity. Method Weight data were collected in 2006–2009 and in 2010 from the 45 and Up Study—a population-based cohort aged ≥45 years in New South Wales, Australia. Participants were included if they had a baseline body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2 and no history of TKR or THR. Weight change was categorised into four groups: >7.5% loss; >5–7.5% loss; stable (≤5% change) and >5% gain. Hospital admission data were linked to identify TKR and THR for OA, and multivariable Cox regression was used to assess risk of TKR and THR. Results Of 23,916 participants, 2139 lost >7.5% weight, 1655 lost 5–7.5% weight, and 4430 gained >5% weight. Over 5.2 years, 1009 (4.2%) underwent TKR and 483 (2.0%) THR. Compared to weight-stable, weight loss of >7.5% was associated with reduced risk of TKR after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, socioeconomic and lifestyle factors (hazard ratio 0.69, 95%CI 0.54–0.87), but had no association with THR. Weight loss of 5–7.5% was not associated with altered risk of either TKR or THR. Weight gain was associated with increased risk of THR after adjusting for confounders, but not TKR. Conclusion This study suggests that a weight loss target >7.5% is required to reduce the risk of TKR in adults with overweight or obesity. Weight gain should be avoided as it increases the risk of THR.

scholarly journals Age-Related Difference in Weight Change and All-Cause Mortality in Middle-Aged and Older Korean Populations: Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-302
Author(s):  
Jungki Suh ◽  
Yoon Jeong Cho ◽  
Hyun Ji Kim ◽  
Seong Soo Choi
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Weight Losses ◽  
Age Related ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Background: Obesity is associated with increased mortality as a significant risk factor for chronic diseases, including cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Several people believe that weight gain is harmful, and weight loss helps maintain health. However, some studies have shown that weight loss, particularly among older adults, is more likely to increase the risk of mortality than weight gain.Methods: We used data for the cohort of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging, which is a nationwide stratified multi-stage sample of adults aged 45 years. The all-cause mortality risk was assessed using the survival status and the number of months of survival calculated from 2006 (baseline year) to 2016. Cox proportional hazard regression were used to study the causal link between weight change and all-cause mortality risk.Results: The results showed interactive associations between weight loss and mortality among middle-aged and older adults. The hazard ratio was 1.62 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10–2.40) for the participants aged 45–65 years with weight losses greater than 5 kg and 1.56 (95% CI, 1.29–1.89) for those older than 65 years with weight losses greater than 5 kg. The results for the group with weight gain above 5 kg were not significant. Middle-aged and older men showed an increase in all-cause mortality associated with weight loss of more than 5 kg, but only the older women showed significant results.Conclusion: This large-scale cohort study in Korea showed a relationship between weight loss and all-cause mortality in middle-aged and older individuals.

scholarly journals Depression-related weight change and incident diabetes in a community sample

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Graham ◽  
Tristan Watson ◽  
Sonya S. Deschênes ◽  
Kristian B. Filion ◽  
Mélanie Henderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractThis cohort study aimed to compare the incidence of type 2 diabetes in adults with depression-related weight gain, depression-related weight loss, depression with no weight change, and no depression. The study sample included 59,315 community-dwelling adults in Ontario, Canada. Depression-related weight change in the past 12 months was measured using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview—Short Form. Participants were followed for up to 20 years using administrative health data. Cox proportional hazards models compared the incidence of type 2 diabetes in adults with depression-related weight change and in adults with no depression. Adults with depression-related weight gain had an increased risk of type 2 diabetes compared to adults no depression (HR 1.70, 95% CI 1.32–2.20), adults with depression-related weight loss (HR 1.62, 95% CI 1.09–2.42), and adults with depression with no weight change (HR 1.39, 95% CI 1.03–1.86). Adults with depression with no weight change also had an increased risk of type 2 diabetes compared to those with no depression (HR 1.23, 95% CI 1.04–1.45). Associations were stronger among women and persisted after adjusting for attained overweight and obesity. Identifying symptoms of weight change in depression may aid in identifying adults at higher risk of type 2 diabetes and in developing tailored prevention strategies.

scholarly journals The Risks of Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality Following Weight Change in Adults with Diabetes: Results from ADVANCE

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra K Lee ◽  
Mark Woodward ◽  
Dan Wang ◽  
Toshiaki Ohkuma ◽  
Bethany Warren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Baseline Body Mass Index ◽  
Diabetes Medication ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Abstract Context Weight loss is strongly recommended for overweight and obese adults with type 2 diabetes. Unintentional weight loss is associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality, but few studies have examined its association with cardiovascular outcomes in patients with diabetes. Objective To evaluate 2-year weight change and subsequent risk of cardiovascular events and mortality in established type 2 diabetes. Design and Setting The Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron-MR Controlled Evaluation was an international, multisite 2×2 factorial trial of intensive glucose control and blood pressure control. We examined 5 categories of 2-year weight change: >10% loss, 4% to 10% loss, stable (±<4%), 4% to 10% gain, and >10% gain. We used Cox regression with follow-up time starting at 2 years, adjusting for intervention arm, demographics, cardiovascular risk factors, and diabetes medication use from the 2-year visit. Results Among 10 081 participants with valid weight measurements, average age was 66 years. By the 2-year examination, 4.3% had >10% weight loss, 18.4% had 4% to 10% weight loss, and 5.3% had >10% weight gain. Over the following 3 years of the trial, >10% weight loss was strongly associated with major macrovascular events (hazard ratio [HR], 1.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.26-2.44), cardiovascular mortality (HR, 2.76; 95% CI, 1.87-4.09), all-cause mortality (HR, 2.79; 95% CI, 2.10-3.71), but not major microvascular events (HR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.61-1.36), compared with stable weight. There was no evidence of effect modification by baseline body mass index, age, or type of diabetes medication. Conclusions In the absence of substantial lifestyle changes, weight loss may be a warning sign of poor health meriting further workup in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Impact of taxanes on weight gain during neoadjuvant chemotherapy (Ctx) for breast cancer (BC)

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 10606-10606
Author(s):  
M. E. Melisko ◽  
C. A. Millerick ◽  
P. Maniar ◽  
D. Moore ◽  
M. Rosenwein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Baseline Body Mass Index ◽  
Risk Of Recurrence ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Taxane Chemotherapy ◽  
The Impact

10606 Background: Weight gain after the diagnosis of BC has been associated with increased risk of recurrence and mortality. Previous studies have documented weight gain after cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5-fluoruracil (CMF) and adriamycin and cyclophosphamide (AC) chemotherapy, but the impact of taxane chemotherapy has not been described. Methods: We reviewed the charts of 119 patients (pts) who completed neoadjuvant Ctx between 1997–2005. Age, baseline body mass index (BMI), tumor size, nodal status, hormone receptor status, menopausal status, co-morbid illnesses and anti-depressant use were collected. Weight was recorded at each Ctx visit and at follow-up visits for two years. Results: 22 pts received AC only. 97 pts received AC followed by a taxane - 58 docetaxel (D), 39 paclitaxel (P). Median f/u time was 26.3 months. 66/119 (55%) of pts gained weight during Ctx, with a median change of + 1 pound (range -28 to +19.5 pounds) at the end of Ctx. 49/119 (41%) of pts gained weight during AC and 76/97 (78%) of pts gained weight during the taxane. Mean weight change after AC was -1.8 pounds compared to +3.2 pounds after the taxane (p < 0.001). Age, baseline BMI, and menopausal status prior to Ctx did not predict weight gain. There was no difference in weight gain between pts who received D vs. P (p = 0.19). 8/22 (36%) patients who received AC alone recurred, and 13/95 (14%) who received both AC and T recurred; however this was not statistically significant (p = 0.23). Total weight change during neoadjuvant Ctx did not predict recurrence; however weight gain during the AC portion was associated with a higher risk of recurrence when adjusted for weight gain during taxane Ctx (p = 0.035, Cox regression). Each one pound gained was associated with an 11% increase in risk of recurrence. Conclusions: Weight gain is common during neoadjuvant Ctx for BC, particulary during treatment with taxanes. Further follow up is required to establish if weight gain is maintained over time and to determine the impact of weight change on BC outcomes and health. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals REPORTED WEIGHT CHANGE IN OLDER ADULTS AND PRESENCE OF FRAILTY

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
R.S. Crow ◽  
C.L. Petersen ◽  
S.B. Cook ◽  
C.J. Stevens ◽  
A.J. Titus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Current Weight ◽  
Time Point

Objective: A 5% change in weight is a significant predictor for frailty and obesity. We ascertained how self-reported weight change over the lifespan impacts rates of frailty in older adults. Methods: We identified 4,984 subjects ≥60 years with body composition measures from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. An adapted version of Fried’s frailty criteria was used as the primary outcome. Self-reported weight was assessed at time current,1 and 10 years earlier and at age 25. Weight changes between each time point were categorized as ≥ 5%, ≤5% or neutral. Logistic regression assessed the impact of weight change on the outcome of frailty. Results: Among 4,984 participants, 56.5% were female, mean age was 71.1 years, and mean BMI was 28.2kg/m2. A weight loss of ≥ 5% had a higher association with frailty compared to current weight, age 25 (OR 2.94 [1.72,5.02]), 10 years ago (OR 1.68 [1.05,2.69]), and 1 year ago (OR 1.55 [1.02,2.36]). Weight gain in the last year was associated with increased rate of frailty (1.59 [1.09,2.32]). Conclusion: There is an association between frailty and reported weight loss over time while only weight gain in the last year has an association with frailty.

Pregnancy Outcomes after Preeclampsia: The Effects of Interpregnancy Weight Change

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Tabet ◽  
Soumya Banna ◽  
Lan Luong ◽  
Russell Kirby ◽  
Jen Jen Chang
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Cesarean Delivery ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Large For Gestational Age ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Increased Risk

Objective This study aimed to examine the effects of interpregnancy weight change on pregnancy outcomes, including recurrent preeclampsia, preterm birth, small-for-gestational age (SGA), large-for-gestational age (LGA), and cesarean delivery, among women with a history of preeclampsia. We also evaluated whether these associations were modified by prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) category in the first pregnancy (BMI < 25 vs. ≥25 kg/m2) and if associations were present among women who maintained a healthy BMI category in both pregnancies. Study Design We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study including 15,108 women who delivered their first two nonanomalous singleton live births in Missouri (1989–2005) and experienced preeclampsia in the first pregnancy. We performed Poisson regression with robust error variance to estimate relative risks and 95% confidence intervals for outcomes of interest after controlling for potential confounders. Results Interpregnancy weight gain was associated with increased risk of recurrent preeclampsia, LGA, and cesarean delivery. These risks increased in a “dose–response” manner with increasing magnitude of interpregnancy weight gain and were generally more pronounced among women who were underweight or normal weight in the first pregnancy. Interpregnancy weight loss exceeding 1 BMI unit was associated with increased risk of SGA among underweight and normal weight women, while interpregnancy weight loss exceeding 2 BMI units was associated with reduced risk of recurrent preeclampsia among overweight and obese women. Conclusion Even small changes in interpregnancy weight may significantly affect pregnancy outcomes among formerly preeclamptic women. Appropriate weight management between pregnancies has the potential to attenuate such risks. Key Points

Abstract P251: Weight Change is Associated With Risk of Cardiovascular Mortality Among Singapore Chinese

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Woon-Puay Koh ◽  
Jian-min Yuan ◽  
An Pan
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Stroke Mortality ◽  
Large Weight ◽  
Large Weight Loss ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Introduction: While epidemiologic studies have established overweight and obesity as risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, findings on the relationship of change in body weight with CVD mortality are inconsistent. Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that weight change was related to CVD mortality among middle-aged to elderly Chinese in Singapore. Methods: We used prospective data from the Singapore Chinese Health Study, a population-based cohort of 63,257 Chinese men and women aged 45-74 years at recruitment (1993-1998). After 5.7 [standard deviation (SD) 1.4] years, we conducted a follow-up interview (1999-2004) among 52,322 surviving subjects in the cohort. Body weight and height were self-reported among 42,328 participants at both baseline and follow-up interviews. Weight change was computed by percentage difference in weight at both assessments relative to weight at baseline, and categorized as moderate-to-large loss (≥10%), small loss (5.1 to 9.9%), stable (±5%), small gain (5.1-9.9%), and moderate-to-large gain (≥10%). Cox proportional hazards regression model was applied to estimate hazard ratio (HR) after controlling for age, gender, dialect group, dietary pattern, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, hours of sleep and history of diabetes and hypertension. Results: A total of 1,805 CVD deaths were identified during the follow-up until December 31, 2013 [follow-up duration of 11.5 (SD 2.9) years]. Compared to participants with stable weight, those with moderate-to-large weight loss had a 42% higher risk of CVD mortality (HR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.25-1.61), while those with moderate-to-large weight gain had a 19% higher risk (HR: 1.19; 95% CI: 1.02-1.37). The HR (95% CI) for stroke mortality was 1.77 (1.44-2.18) for moderate-to-large weight loss, and 1.42 (1.12-1.80) for moderate-to-large weight gain. Conversely, for coronary heart diseases (CHD) mortality, only moderate-to-large weight loss was associated with an increased risk (HR: 1.24; 95% CI: 1.05-1.47). The associations were not different by gender or age-group. When stratified by BMI at baseline using 23 kg/m 2 as cutoff for overweight, moderate-to-large weight loss was associated with increased risks of CHD and stroke mortality in both BMI groups. In contrast, moderate-to-large weight gain was only associated with increased risk of stroke mortality but not with CHD mortality in both BMI groups. Conclusions: In conclusion, this study suggested that both moderate-to-large weight loss and weight gain significantly increased risk of CVD mortality among middle-aged to elderly Chinese. This study emphasizes the importance of maintaining stable body weight in middle-aged and elderly populations.

scholarly journals Maternal weight change between successive pregnancies: an opportunity for lifecourse obesity prevention

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 272-282
Author(s):  
Nisreen A. Alwan ◽  
Grace Grove ◽  
Elizabeth Taylor ◽  
Nida Ziauddeen
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Large For Gestational Age ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Increased Risk

Maternal obesity is a major risk factor for adverse health outcomes for both the mother and the child, including the serious public health problem of childhood obesity which is globally on the rise. Given the relatively intensive contact with health/care professionals following birth, the interpregnancy period provides a golden opportunity to focus on preconception and family health, and to introduce interventions that support mothers to achieve or maintain a healthy weight in preparation for their next pregnancy. In this review, we summarise the evidence on the association between interpregnancy weight gain with birth and obesity outcomes in the offspring. Gaining weight between pregnancies is associated with an increased risk of large-for-gestational age (LGA) birth, a predictor of childhood obesity, and weight loss between pregnancies in women with overweight or obesity seems protective against recurrent LGA. Interpregnancy weight loss seems to be negatively associated with birthweight. There is some suggestion that interpregnancy weight change may be associated with preterm birth, but the mechanisms are unclear and the direction depends if it is spontaneous or indicated. There is limited evidence on the direct positive link between maternal interpregnancy weight gain with gestational diabetes, pre-eclampsia, gestational hypertension and obesity or overweight in childhood, with no studies using adult offspring adiposity outcomes. Improving preconception health and optimising weight before pregnancy could contribute to tackling the rise in childhood obesity. Research testing the feasibility, acceptability and effectiveness of interventions to optimise maternal weight and health during this period is needed, particularly in high-risk and disadvantaged groups.

scholarly journals The association of weight change and all-cause mortality in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tagrid A Alharbi ◽  
Susan Paudel ◽  
Danijela Gasevic ◽  
Joanne Ryan ◽  
Rosanne Freak-Poli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Weight Fluctuation ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective there may be age-related differences in the impact of weight change on health. This study systematically reviewed the evidence on the relationship between weight change and all-cause mortality in adults aged 65 years and older. Methods MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL were searched from inception to 11 June 2020, PROSPERO CRD 42019142268. We included observational studies reporting on the association between weight change and all-cause mortality in older community-dwelling adults. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed to calculate pooled hazard ratios and scored based on the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality guidelines. Results a total of 30 studies, including 1,219,279 participants with 69,255 deaths, demonstrated that weight loss was associated with a 59% increase in mortality risk (hazard ratio (HR): 1.59; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.45–1.74; P &lt; 0.001). Twenty-seven studies that reported outcomes for weight gain (1,210,116 participants with 65,481 deaths) indicated that weight gain was associated with a 10% increase in all-cause mortality (HR: 1.10; 95%CI: 1.02, 1.17; P = 0.01). Four studies investigated weight fluctuation (2,283 events among 6,901 participants), which was associated with a 63% increased mortality risk (HR: 1.66; 95%CI: 1.28, 2.15). No evidence of publication bias was observed (all P &gt; 0.05). Conclusion for community-dwelling older adults, weight changes (weight loss, gain or weight fluctuation) are associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality risk relative to stable weight. Further research is needed to determine whether these associations vary depending upon initial weight, and whether or not the weight loss/gain was intentional.

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