scholarly journals A striking result from antenatal exposure to N-acetylcysteine

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan H. Jobe
Keyword(s):  
Striking Result

scholarly journals Risk or Resilience? The Role of Trade Integration and Foreign Ownership for the Survival of German Enterprises During the Crisis 2008–2010

2014 ◽  
Vol 234 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim Wagner ◽  
John P. Weche Gelübcke
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Firm Survival ◽  
Trade Integration ◽  
Striking Result ◽  
Global Recession ◽  
Factor Markets ◽  
Western Germany

SummaryThis is the first study of the link between internationalization and firm survival during the 2008/2009 crisis in Germany, a country which was hit relatively lightly compared to other countries. Moreover, it is the first study which looks at the role of importing, exporting and FDI simultaneously in the context of a global economic recession. We use a tailor-made representative dataset that covers all enterprises from the manufacturing sector with at least 20 employees. Our most striking result is to demonstrate the disadvantage of exporting for the chances of survival of a firm during the crisis in western Germany. Importing instead reveals a positive correlation with survival and firms that both export and import do not show a different exit risk relative to non-traders. A plausible explanation is that in a global recession, deteriorating markets abroad cause demand losses for exporters and improved conditions on factor markets which result in an advantage for firms sourcing from factor markets abroad. Two-way traders do not show a link with exit risk, supporting the idea that they were able to outweigh their losses from exporting with their gains from importing, in what could be called an export-import hedge. Furthermore, we cannot support the hypothesis that foreign multinationals are more volatile during times of economic crisis.

scholarly journals The adsorption of vapours on mercury. II. The entropy and heat of adsorption of non-polar substances

1946 ◽  
Vol 187 (1008) ◽  
pp. 73-87 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Of Adsorption ◽  
Attractive Potential ◽  
Intermolecular Distance ◽  
The Third ◽  
Striking Result ◽  
Surface Mobility ◽  
Repulsive Potentials ◽  
Benzene Toluene ◽  
Entropy Of Adsorption ◽  
Rotational Freedom

An attempt has been made to interpret the entropy of adsorption of benzene, toluene and n -heptane on mercury. These investigations have indicated with fair accuracy the amount of translational and rotational freedom possessed by the substances on the surface of mercury. The most striking result was obtained with benzene, where by denying all rotation except in the plane of the ring and denying the third degree of translational freedom, the calculated entropy of adsorption agreed closely with the experimental value. The surface mobility of toluene was found to be considerably hindered, and the entropy of adsorption of n -heptane confirmed the view that the molecules were partially rolled up. An attempt has been made to derive the theoretical heat of adsorption of benzene from various relations for the attractive and repulsive potentials for the van der Waals forces near a metal surface. The values obtained were of the same magnitude as the experimental value. The calculations gave some evidence of the ranges of intermolecular distance over which the different equations for the attractive potential were accurate.

John Graunt and his Natural and political observations

1964 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-100 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Original Form ◽  
Additional Material ◽  
Striking Result ◽  
Famous Book ◽  
City Of London ◽  
The City

I. Some notes on the life of John Graunt In commemorating the work of Graunt, the founder of demography, it was clearly desirable that a search be made for further information on his life. Perhaps the most striking result of that search has been to show how heavily we must still depend for our knowledge of Graunt as a person on Aubrey’s notes (I)—both in their original form and in their more elegant elaboration by Anthony Wood (2)—and on the brief but warm comment by another of Graunt’s contemporaries, the famous book-collector, Richard Smyth. ‘An understanding man’, Smyth called him, ‘of a quick witt and a pretty schollar, my old acquantaince’ (3). Hull added a few facts (4), and there are some interesting snatches of correspondence from Petty to, or about, Graunt in Lord Lansdowne’s volume (5). These remain basic sources. But additional material has been found elsewhere—in the City of London Records and in the records of the Drapers’ Company, as well as in the full Petty correspondence from which Lord Lansdowne cited a few sentences. The contribution of these and other sources will be seen as the story is pieced together (6).

scholarly journals Reliable Measurements of theβ-Amyloid Pool in Blood Could Help in the Early Diagnosis of AD

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Pesini ◽  
Virginia Pérez-Grijalba ◽  
Inmaculada Monleón ◽  
Mercè Boada ◽  
Lluís Tárraga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Small Proportion ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Striking Result ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Amnesic Mild Cognitive Impairment

The present study was aimed at assessing the capability of Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 levels in undiluted plasma (UP), diluted plasma (DP), and cell bound (CB) to distinguish between early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD), amnesic mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and healthy control (HC). Four blood samples from each participant were collected during one month and the levels of Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 were determined by a blinded proprietary ELISA sandwich (Araclon Biotech. Zaragoza, Spain). First striking result was that the amount of Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 in UP represented only a small proportion (~15%) of the total beta-amyloid pool in blood (βAPB) described here as the sum of Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 in blood where they are free in plasma, bound to plasma proteins, and bound to blood cells. Furthermore, we found that levels of Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 in UP, DP, and CB were significantly higher in MCI when compared to HC. On average, the totalβAPB was 1.8 times higher in MCI than in HC (P=0.03) and allowed to discriminate between MCI and HC with a sensitivity and specificity over 80%. Thus, quantification of several markers of theβAPB could be useful and reliable in the discrimination between MCI and HC.

The Mark-up Rates in Turkish Private Manufacturing Industry During Trade Liberalization

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozlem Onaran ◽  
Nurhan Yenturk
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Striking Result ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Shed Light

The aim of this study is to shed light on the movements of the mark-up rate for the case of Turkey following trade liberalization. For this purpose, first the relationship between labor and non-labor costs that lies behind the movements of the mark-up rates is analyzed, and second, the effect of trade liberalization on mark-up rates is tested. The trade-off between labor and non-labor costs is analyzed based on a model, which assumes that prices are set by a mark-up over average variable costs. The paper also tests the effect of international trade on the mark-up rate and the effect of the exchange rate via its effect on competitiveness and input costs using the panel data for the sub-sectors of private manufacturing industry. The most striking result of this analysis is the absence of any strong link between foreign trade and mark-up rates.

Generalisation of the Condition for Waviness in the Pressure Distribution on a Cambered Plate

1963 ◽  
Vol 67 (632) ◽  
pp. 529-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Angus Boyd
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Surface Pressure ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Metal Plate ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Striking Result ◽  
Surface Pressure Distribution

Recently some data from tests done on a cambered plate have been published. The shape of metal plate aerofoil tested matched that taken up by a flexible two-dimensional sail. The most striking result in the rneasurements was the waviness present near the leading edge in the upper surface pressure distribution. To find the theoretical conditions under which such a waviness would occur a parabolic skeleton aerofoil was investigated, as this shape differed little from the actual aerofoil tested.

scholarly journals A Human Immunoglobulin λ Locus Is Similarly Well Expressed in Mice and Humans

1999 ◽  
Vol 189 (10) ◽  
pp. 1611-1620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei V. Popov ◽  
Xiangang Zou ◽  
Jian Xian ◽  
Ian C. Nicholson ◽  
Marianne Brüggemann
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Yeast Artificial Chromosome ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Somatic Hypermutation ◽  
Variable Region ◽  
Artificial Chromosome ◽  
B Cell Development ◽  
Human Immunoglobulin ◽  
Striking Result ◽  
V Gene

Transgenic mice carrying a 380-kb region of the human immunoglobulin (Ig) λ light (L) chain locus in germline configuration were created. The introduced translocus on a yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) accommodates the most proximal Igλ variable region (V) gene cluster, including 15 Vλ genes that contribute to >60% of λ L chains in humans, all Jλ-Cλ segments, and the 3′ enhancer. HuIgλYAC mice were bred with animals in which mouse Igκ production was silenced by gene targeting. In the κ−/− background, human Igλ was expressed by ∼84% of splenic B cells. A striking result was that human Igλ was also produced at high levels in mice with normal κ locus. Analysis of bone marrow cells showed that human Igλ and mouse Igκ were expressed at similar levels throughout B cell development, suggesting that the Igλ translocus and the endogenous κ locus rearrange independently and with equal efficiency at the same developmental stage. This is further supported by the finding that in hybridomas expressing human Igλ the endogenous L chain loci were in germline configuration. The presence of somatic hypermutation in the human Vλ genes indicated that the Igλ-expressing cells function normally. The finding that human λ genes can be utilized with similar efficiency in mice and humans implies that L chain expression is critically dependent on the configuration of the locus.

scholarly journals Trends in antimicrobial resistance phenotypes in non-typhoidSalmonellaefrom human and poultry origins in France

2005 ◽  
Vol 134 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. CAILHOL ◽  
R. LAILLER ◽  
P. BOUVET ◽  
S. LA VIEILLE ◽  
F. GAUCHARD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Human Origin ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Striking Result

SUMMARYA total of 1873 strains from human origin and 4283 strains from non-human origin ofSalmonella entericaserotypes Typhimurium, Enteritidis, Heidelberg, Hadar and Virchow, collected over three years 1993, 1997 and 2000, were examined in order to determine the rate of antimicrobial resistance to 12 antimicrobial drugs. The objective of the study was to describe and to compare the evolution of the main resistance types in human and non-human isolates, focusing on the poultry sector. The evolution and the rates of antimicrobial resistances for the five serotypes, with the exception of Virchow, were almost comparable in strains isolated from human and non-human sources over the period studied. The most striking result concerning single resistance was the spectacular increase of the resistance frequency to nalidixic acid for the strains belonging to serotypes Hadar and Virchow, especially in the poultry food sector (14% in 1993vs. 72% in 2000 forSalmonellaVirchow, 4% in 1993vs. 70% in 2000 forSalmonellaHadar) and also in human isolates (24% in 1997vs. 48% in 2000 forS. Virchow, 31% in 1997vs. 78% in 2000 forS. Hadar). In addition to the classical resistance to ampicillin, streptomycin, sulphonamide, chloramphenicol and tetracycline (ASSuCT resistance type), which stabilized between 1997 and 2000, the emergence of a new resistance type was observed.

scholarly journals Ship waves in the presence of uniform vorticity

2014 ◽  
Vol 742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simen Å. Ellingsen
Keyword(s):  
Shear Flow ◽  
Finite Depth ◽  
Critical Value ◽  
Wave Problem ◽  
Transverse Waves ◽  
Ship Waves ◽  
Striking Result ◽  
Constant Vorticity ◽  
Shear Current ◽  
Half Angle

AbstractLord Kelvin’s result that waves behind a ship lie within a half-angle $\phi _{\mathit{K}}\approx 19^{\circ }28'$ is perhaps the most famous and striking result in the field of surface waves. We solve the linear ship wave problem in the presence of a shear current of constant vorticity $S$, and show that the Kelvin angles (one each side of wake) as well as other aspects of the wake depend closely on the ‘shear Froude number’ $\mathit{Fr}_{\mathit{s}}=VS/g$ (based on length $g/S^2$ and the ship’s speed $V$), and on the angle between current and the ship’s line of motion. In all directions except exactly along the shear flow there exists a critical value of $\mathit{Fr}_{\mathit{s}}$ beyond which no transverse waves are produced, and where the full wake angle reaches $180^\circ $. Such critical behaviour is previously known from waves at finite depth. For side-on shear, one Kelvin angle can exceed $90^\circ $. On the other hand, the angle of maximum wave amplitude scales as $\mathit{Fr}^{-1}$ ($\mathit{Fr}$ based on size of ship) when $\mathit{Fr}\gg 1$, a scaling virtually unaffected by the shear flow.

Fluid flow in regions bounded by porous surfaces

1956 ◽  
Vol 234 (1199) ◽  
pp. 456-475 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Integral Equation ◽  
Porous Surface ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Porous Tube ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Striking Result ◽  
Through Flow ◽  
Porous Surfaces ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Measured Distribution

The aerodynamic effects of sucking away boundary layers or blowing air into them through a porous surface have been studied on the assumption that the rate of discharge through the pores is under the control of the experimenter. When all the fluid reaches the field of flow through the pores the pressure at any point in the field depends on the distribution over the porous surface of the flow through it, and the through-flow at any point of it depends on the pressure there. To describe flow of this kind mathematically is difficult and no case seems to have been discussed before. In § 1 a particular case, that of flow through a wedge, cylinder or cone made of a material the resistance of which is proportional to the square of the velocity through it, is treated by means of an integral equation. This equation is solved and the results reduced to a form which lends itself to experimental verification. In § 2 experiments are described in which the physical conditions assumed in the analysis were very nearly attained and the theoretical conclusions then verified. The most striking result was the agreement, to within 1%, between the calculated and the measured discharge of water from a tank through an internal porous tube whose base was an orifice in the bottom. The measured distribution of velocity in the plane of the orifice also agreed with the calculations. Experiments with porous cones also yielded results agreeing with theory when the correct experimental conditions could be satisfied.

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