SARS-CoV-2 immunity and functional recovery of COVID-19 patients 1-year after infection

AbstractThe long-term immunity and functional recovery after SARS-CoV-2 infection have implications in preventive measures and patient quality of life. Here we analyzed a prospective cohort of 121 recovered COVID-19 patients from Xiangyang, China at 1-year after diagnosis. Among them, chemiluminescence immunoassay-based screening showed 99% (95% CI, 98–100%) seroprevalence 10–12 months after infection, comparing to 0.8% (95% CI, 0.7–0.9%) in the general population. Total anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD) antibodies remained stable since discharge, while anti-RBD IgG and neutralization levels decreased over time. A predictive model estimates 17% (95% CI, 11–24%) and 87% (95% CI, 80–92%) participants were still 50% protected against detectable and severe re-infection of WT SARS-CoV-2, respectively, while neutralization levels against B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 variants were significantly reduced. All non-severe patients showed normal chest CT and 21% reported COVID-19-related symptoms. In contrast, 53% severe patients had abnormal chest CT, decreased pulmonary function or cardiac involvement and 79% were still symptomatic. Our findings suggest long-lasting immune protection after SARS-CoV-2 infection, while also highlight the risk of immune evasive variants and long-term consequences for COVID-19 survivors.

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Studies on the Occurrence of Viruses in Planting Material of Grapevines in Southwestern Germany

Viruses ◽

10.3390/v13020248 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 248

Author(s):

Noemi Messmer ◽

Patricia Bohnert ◽

Stefan Schumacher ◽

René Fuchs

Keyword(s):

Preventive Measures ◽

Control Measures ◽

Grapevine Fanleaf Virus ◽

Arabis Mosaic Virus ◽

Planting Material ◽

General Decline ◽

Grapevine Pinot Gris Virus ◽

Propagation Material

Viral diseases in viticulture lead to annual losses in the quantity and quality of grape production. Since no direct control measures are available in practice, preventive measures are taken to keep the vines healthy. These include, for example, the testing of propagation material for viruses such as Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV), Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) or Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 1 (GLRaV-1) and 3 (GLRaV-3). As long-term investigations have shown, GLRaV-1 (2.1%) occurs most frequently in southwestern German wine-growing regions, whereas GLRaV-3 (<0.1%) is almost never found. However, tests conducted over 12 years indicate that there is no general decline in virus-infected planting material. Thus, it can be assumed that a spread of the viruses via corresponding vectors still takes place unhindered. Beyond the examinations regulated within the German Wine Growing Ordinance, one-time tests were carried out on Grapevine Pinot gris virus (GPGV). This analysis showed that GPGV was found in 17.2% of the samples.

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Clinical and chest CT presentations from 27 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in Mogadishu, Somalia: a descriptive study

Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine ◽

10.1186/s43055-020-00302-2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 51 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yahye Garad Mohamed ◽

Mohamed Farah Yusuf Mohamud ◽

M. Sabri Medişoğlu ◽

Ihsan Yavuz Atamaca ◽

Ibrahim Hussein Ali

Keyword(s):

Sore Throat ◽

Pulmonary Nodules ◽

Ground Glass Opacity ◽

Chest Ct ◽

First Case ◽

Abnormal Chest ◽

Lower Lung ◽

History Of ◽

Normal Chest ◽

Bilateral Lung

Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute viral pneumonia that had recently been found in humans. The first case was discovered in Wuhan, Hubei province, China, in December 2019. In this article, we aimed to demonstrate the clinical and radiological characteristics of COVID-19 patients in Somalia from 20 March 2020 to 20 April 2020. Results Twenty-seven patients that had a positive RT-PCR test between 20 March 2020 and 20 April 2020 were retrospectively observed. This study included 19 (70.4%) males and 8 (29.6%) females, and the mean age and range were 43 years (SD ± 14.0) and 27–70 years, respectively. The majority (59.3%) of COVID-19-infected patients had no obvious history of exposure to infected patients. The participants of our study mostly presented with dry cough 24 (88.9%) patients, fever 19 (70.4%), myalgia 18 (66.6%), and sore throat 16 (59.3%). Twenty-five of 27 patients had abnormal chest CT, while 2 (7.4%) patients had normal chest CT. The most common patterns of abnormality seen on chest CT in patients with COVID-19 were ground-glass opacity (GGO) 74.1%, crazy paving pattern 18.5%, consolidation 14.8%, and mixed GCO 11.1%. Also, the most common predominant lesion distributions were bilateral lung involvement (88.9%), peripheral distribution (77.8%), and lower lung predominance (63%). Particularly, lung cavitation, discrete pulmonary nodules, pleural effusion, and underlying pulmonary fibrosis or emphysema had not been observed. Conclusion Dry cough, fever, myalgia, and sore throat were the most clinical presentations. GGO, crazy paving pattern, patchy consolidation, and mixed GCO were the typical chest CT manifestations.

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EVALUATION OF THE QUALITY OF PRIMARY MEDICAL ASSISTANCE TO PATIENTS WITH ECZEMA: STUDY OF THE SCOPE AND ASSESSMENT OF THE ADEQUACY OF TREATMENT AND PREVENTIVE MEASURES

Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії ◽

10.31718/2077-1096.18.4.80 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 80-83

Author(s):

L.V. Cherkashyna

Keyword(s):

Medical Care ◽

General Practitioners ◽

Preventive Measures ◽

Term Care ◽

Prophylactic Measures ◽

Scientific Specialty ◽

Chronic Eczema ◽

Generalized Indicator

The development of general medical practice as a scientific specialty and practice and the structuring of medical care according to the levels of its delivery are characterized by shifting the emphasis on long-term care for patients with chronic dermatoses to the level of general practitioners. This paper describes the scope of treatment and prophylactic measures at the stage of primary medical care for 75 patients with eczema of different severity. It was revealed that the completeness of the use of non-medicated means in the period between the exacerbations of eczema prescribed by general practitioners was at the level of 56.1 ÷ 60.2% according to the generalized quality index and was characterized by insufficient use of autotraining techniques with elements of psychological correction in 76.7 ± 5,0%, herbal ointments in 72,7 ± 5,1%, as well as insufficient physiotherapeutic corrections in 57,3 ± 5,7%. Adequate use of pharmacological medicines prescribed by general practitioners for the periods between the exacerbation of eczema makes up 53,1 ÷ 53,9% according to the generalized indicator of quality and is characterized by low use of magnesium-containing products in 76,0 ± 4 9% of cases and adrenal gland stimulants in 74,7 ± 5,0% of cases, as well as detoxification agents (53,3 ± 5,8)% of cases. The analysis of general indicators of the quality of therapeutic and prophylactic process in the periods between exacerbations of chronic eczema has shown that general practitioners prefer to prescribe non-medicinal means, underestimating the importance of using immunomodulatory drugs and vitamins (A, E, B and C).

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Abstract 10394: Long-Term Functional and Quality-of-Life Outcomes of Cardiac Arrest Survivors Stratified by Shock Provider: A 10 Year Retrospective Study

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.144.suppl_2.10394 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 144 (Suppl_2) ◽

Author(s):

Brian A Haskins ◽

Ziad Nehme ◽

Emily Andrew ◽

Stephen Bernard ◽

Peter Cameron ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Cardiac Arrest ◽

Functional Recovery ◽

Short Form ◽

First Responders ◽

Assessment Tools ◽

Related Quality ◽

Health Related

Introduction: To assess the long-term functional recovery and health related quality-of-life (HRQoL) outcomes for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survivors stratified by shock provider. Methods: We included adult OHCA in initial shockable rhythms between 2010-2019. Those surviving to 12 months post arrest were invited to participate in telephone interviews to identify functional recovery and HRQoL outcomes, using the following assessment tools, Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOS-E), EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D), and 12-Item Short Form (SF-12). Results: Of the 1,581 patients surviving to 12 months, 1,325 (85.5%) responded to the interviews, of these, 227 (17.1%) and 144 (10.9%) were initially shocked by bystanders and first responders, respectively. A higher proportion of patients shocked by bystanders were located in public (p<0.001), received bystander CPR (p<0.001) and received initial defibrillation faster from time of collapse (P<0.001). Survivors receiving bystander defibrillation reported higher rates of living at home without care (p=0.004), upper good recovery (GOS-E) (p=0.008) and EQ-5D index score of 1 (perfect health) (p=0.023). After adjustment, bystander defibrillation was associated with a 64% increase in the odds of an EQ-5D current Visual Analogue Scale ≥ 80 (AOR 1.64, 95%CI: 1.17-2.31; p=0.004) and a 45% increase in the odds of a good functional recovery (GOS-E ≥ 7) (AOR 1.45, 95% CI: 1.02-2.06; p=0.037), than those initially shocked by paramedics. No improvement in adjusted outcomes were observed for survivors initially defibrillated by first responders. Conclusion: Patients receiving bystander defibrillation reported better functional recovery and HRQol outcomes at 12 months compared to those defibrillated by first responders and paramedics.

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Long-Term Functional Recovery, Quality of Life, and Pregnancy After Solid Organ Transplantation

Medical Clinics of North America ◽

10.1016/j.mcna.2016.01.010 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 100 (3) ◽

pp. 613-629 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Swati Rao ◽

Mythili Ghanta ◽

Michael J. Moritz ◽

Serban Constantinescu

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Organ Transplantation ◽

Functional Recovery ◽

Solid Organ Transplantation ◽

Solid Organ

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Staging Rectal Cancer: The Utility of Chest Radiograph and Chest Computed Tomography

The American Surgeon ◽

10.1177/000313481608201033 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 82 (10) ◽

pp. 1005-1008

Author(s):

Michael P. O'Leary ◽

Aaron B. Parrish ◽

Cynthia M. Tom ◽

Brian W. Maclaughlin ◽

Beverley A. Petrie

Keyword(s):

Rectal Cancer ◽

Metastatic Cancer ◽

Anal Verge ◽

Cancer Staging ◽

Chest Ct ◽

X Ray ◽

Primary Rectal Cancer ◽

Abnormal Chest ◽

Normal Chest ◽

Chest X Ray

The National Comprehensive Cancer Network recommends that patients who are newly diagnosed with rectal cancer undergo staging CT scan of the chest. It is unclear whether posteroanterior and lateral chest radiography (X-ray) alone would provide adequate staging for most of these patients. A retrospective review was performed on all patients who had a two-view chest X-ray along with a chest CT for rectal cancer staging from 2007 to 2015. A total of 74 patients had both modalities. Sixty-three (85%) had a normal chest X-ray and 11 (15%) had an abnormal chest X-ray. Of the 63 patients with a normal chest X-ray, 40 (63%) had a corresponding normal chest CT and 23 (37%) had a lesion only noted on chest CT. Four patients (17%) in the latter group had metastatic cancer to the lung at the time of workup and four out of five of the tumors found to metastasize were within 5 cm from the anal verge. Our data suggest that a staging chest X-ray is unlikely to diagnose metastatic lungs lesions from a primary rectal cancer. Conversely, staging chest CT will accurately stage metastatic disease but will also reveal benign lung lesions in this patient population.

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Case Report: Recurrence of Positive SARS-CoV-2 Results in Patients Recovered From COVID-19

Frontiers in Medicine ◽

10.3389/fmed.2020.585485 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

Author(s):

Ren-zi Zhang ◽

Wang Deng ◽

Jing He ◽

Yu-yan Song ◽

Chun-fang Qian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chest Ct ◽

Nucleic Acid Detection ◽

Limited Data ◽

Asymptomatic Patients ◽

Long Duration ◽

Long Term Follow Up ◽

Normal Chest ◽

Chest Ct Scan

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is spreading throughout the world. Limited data are available for recurrence of positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) results in patients with long duration of COVID-19.Methods: We reported four cases recovered from COVID-19 with recurrence of positive SARS-CoV-2 results during the long-term follow-up.Results: The four patients recovered from COVID-19 showed recurrence of positive SARS-CoV-2 results for more than 120 days with no symptoms and normal chest CT scan.Conclusions: The dynamic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 by nucleic acid detection and serological assays is important for asymptomatic patients who might be potentially infectious.

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Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System and Rheumatic Diseases: Prevention and Rehabilitation in Modern Conditions

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i46b32956 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 419-424

Author(s):

Ragif Kalimovich Mutalimov ◽

Karina Valeryevna Kravtsova ◽

Amina Magometovna Bairamkulova ◽

Sherifat Magometovna Bairamkulova ◽

Alena Olegovna Voynova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheumatic Diseases ◽

Musculoskeletal System ◽

Preventive Measures ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Financial Burden ◽

Physiotherapy Treatment ◽

Prolonged Pain ◽

Full Life

The article examines approaches to the prevention of diseases of the musculoskeletal system and rheumatic diseases, as well as to the rehabilitation of such patients. It is this type of disease that has a negative impact on the quality of life of most people, since it not only makes it difficult for them to move in space, but also worsens the general state of health due to pain, which may manifest to a greater or lesser extent. Treatment of diseases of the musculoskeletal system is a rather long-term process, for this reason, the prevention of such diseases seems very relevant, since it not only allows the patient to avoid prolonged pain, but also reduces the financial burden in the field of insurance medicine, since the need for expensive medical and physiotherapy treatment for such patients is eliminated. Rehabilitation of patients with this diagnosis also makes it possible to reduce the time to restore their health and return to a full life. Accordingly, the tasks set in the work meet the requirements of today and will contribute to improving the effectiveness of preventive measures for patients suffering from diseases of the musculoskeletal system.

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Factors influencing outcomes in patients with stroke

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina43040033 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 43 (4) ◽

pp. 269 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Eglė Milinavičienė ◽

Daiva Rastenytė ◽

Aleksandras Kriščiūnas

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Urinary Incontinence ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Functional Status ◽

Functional Recovery ◽

Effective Utilization ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Initial Severity

Outcomes of stroke result in long-term disability in most of the patients. It has been confirmed by scientific studies that rehabilitation can improve functional status and quality of life of poststroke patients. The effectiveness of rehabilitation and the outcomes often differ among patients. For effective utilization of the rehabilitation resources, it is important to prognosticate the possible outcomes of the disorder. Recently, studies are performed with the aim to determine and evaluate factors possibly influencing functional recovery in poststroke patients and helping to distinguish patients with good outcome from those with poor outcome. Age, gender, initial severity of the stroke, functional status at admission to hospital, urinary incontinence, impairment in cognitive function, unilateral neglect syndrome are most often analyzed in scientific studies as factors determining the outcomes of the disorder.

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