scholarly journals Bridging the gap between military prolonged field care monitoring and exploration spaceflight: the compensatory reserve

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor E. Schlotman ◽  
Kris R. Lehnhardt ◽  
Andrew F. Abercromby ◽  
Benjamin D. Easter ◽  
Meghan E. Downs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Wearable Technology ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Us Army ◽  
Medical Evacuation ◽  
Compensatory Reserve ◽  
Combat Medics ◽  
Time Changes

AbstractThe concept of prolonged field care (PFC), or medical care applied beyond doctrinal planning timelines, is the top priority capability gap across the US Army. PFC is the idea that combat medics must be prepared to provide medical care to serious casualties in the field without the support of robust medical infrastructure or resources in the event of delayed medical evacuation. With limited resources, significant distances to travel before definitive care, and an inability to evacuate in a timely fashion, medical care during exploration spaceflight constitutes the ultimate example PFC. One of the main capability gaps for PFC in both military and spaceflight settings is the need for technologies for individualized monitoring of a patient’s physiological status. A monitoring capability known as the compensatory reserve measurement (CRM) meets such a requirement. CRM is a small, portable, wearable technology that uses a machine learning and feature extraction-based algorithm to assess real-time changes in hundreds of specific features of arterial waveforms. Future development and advancement of CRM still faces engineering challenges to develop ruggedized wearable sensors that can measure waveforms for determining CRM from multiple sites on the body and account for less than optimal conditions (sweat, water, dirt, blood, movement, etc.). We show here the utility of a military wearable technology, CRM, which can be translated to space exploration.

scholarly journals Smart Wearable Sensors Based on Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Personal Healthcare Monitoring

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 352
Author(s):  
Ruonan Li ◽  
Xuelian Wei ◽  
Jiahui Xu ◽  
Junhuan Chen ◽  
Bin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Body ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Triboelectric Nanogenerator ◽  
Personal Healthcare ◽  
Healthcare Monitoring ◽  
Smart Wearable

Accurate monitoring of motion and sleep states is critical for human health assessment, especially for a healthy life, early diagnosis of diseases, and medical care. In this work, a smart wearable sensor (SWS) based on a dual-channel triboelectric nanogenerator was presented for a real-time health monitoring system. The SWS can be worn on wrists, ankles, shoes, or other parts of the body and cloth, converting mechanical triggers into electrical output. By analyzing these signals, the SWS can precisely and constantly monitor and distinguish various motion states, including stepping, walking, running, and jumping. Based on the SWS, a fall-down alarm system and a sleep quality assessment system were constructed to provide personal healthcare monitoring and alert family members or doctors via communication devices. It is important for the healthy growth of the young and special patient groups, as well as for the health monitoring and medical care of the elderly and recovered patients. This work aimed to broaden the paths for remote biological movement status analysis and provide diversified perspectives for true-time and long-term health monitoring, simultaneously.

Beyond center-based testing: Understanding and improving functioning with wearable technology in MS

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1402-1411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giampaolo Brichetto ◽  
Ludovico Pedullà ◽  
Jessica Podda ◽  
Andrea Tacchino
Keyword(s):  
Technology Use ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Wearable Technology ◽  
The Body ◽  
Portable Devices ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Daily Life Activities ◽  
Appropriate Care ◽  
Objective Outcomes

Wearable sensors are designed to be worn on the body or embedded into portable devices (e.g. smartphones and smartwatches), allowing continuous patient-based monitoring, objective outcomes measuring, and feedback delivering on daily-life activities. Within the medicine domain, there has been a rapid increase in the development, testing, and use of wearable technologies especially in the context of neurological diseases. Although wearables represent promising tools also in multiple sclerosis (MS), the research on their application in MS is still ongoing, and further studies are required to assess their reliability and accuracy to monitor body functions and disability in people with MS (pwMS). Here, we provided a comprehensive overview of the opportunities, potential challenges, and limitations of the wearable technology use in MS. In particular, we classified previous findings within this field into macro-categories, considered crucial for disease management: assessment, monitoring, intervention, advice, and education. Given the increasing pivotal role played by wearables, current literature suggests that for pwMS, the time is right to shift from a center-based traditional therapeutic paradigm toward a personalized patient-based disease self-management. On this way, we present two ongoing initiatives aimed at implementing a continuous monitoring of pwMS and, consequently, providing timely and appropriate care interventions.

scholarly journals Wearable Skin Sensors and Their Challenges: A Review of Transdermal, Optical, and Mechanical Sensors

Biosensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ammar Ahmad Tarar ◽  
Umair Mohammad ◽  
Soumya K. Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Wearable Technology ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Mechanical Sensors ◽  
Remote Health

Wearable technology and mobile healthcare systems are both increasingly popular solutions to traditional healthcare due to their ease of implementation and cost-effectiveness for remote health monitoring. Recent advances in research, especially the miniaturization of sensors, have significantly contributed to commercializing the wearable technology. Most of the traditional commercially available sensors are either mechanical or optical, but nowadays transdermal microneedles are also being used for micro-sensing such as continuous glucose monitoring. However, there remain certain challenges that need to be addressed before the possibility of large-scale deployment. The biggest challenge faced by all these wearable sensors is our skin, which has an inherent property to resist and protect the body from the outside world. On the other hand, biosensing is not possible without overcoming this resistance. Consequently, understanding the skin structure and its response to different types of sensing is necessary to remove the scientific barriers that are hindering our ability to design more efficient and robust skin sensors. In this article, we review research reports related to three different biosensing modalities that are commonly used along with the challenges faced in their implementation for detection. We believe this review will be of significant use to researchers looking to solve existing problems within the ongoing research in wearable sensors.

PROVIDING MEDICAL CARE TO PATIENTS WITH BURNS IN AN EMERGENCY

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-59
Author(s):  
Г.А. Турсынбаева ◽  
У.Т. Багысбаева
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
First Aid ◽  
The Body ◽  
Clinical Death ◽  
Chemical Burns ◽  
Significant Deterioration ◽  
Respiratory Disorders ◽  
Medical Evacuation ◽  
Reduction Of Mortality ◽  
The Cost

В данной статье рассмотрены основные действия при оказании медицинской помощи больным с ожогами на этапах медицинской эвакуации. Актуальность проблемы обусловлена тем, что своевременное оказание первой помощи пострадавшим предупреждает ухудшение состояния организма, что в значительной степени влияет на снижение летальности, инвалидности и сроков временной утраты трудоспособности больных и пострадавших, существенно снижает расходы на их лечение и реабилитацию [В.И. Хрупкин, 2000; Е.И. Бялик, 2001]. Особенное значение медицинская помощь на догоспитальном этапе приобретает при выраженных нарушениях кровообращения и дыхания, клинической смерти, кровотечении, переломах, термических и химических ожогах, когда неоказание помощи или запаздывание ее быстро приводит к значительному ухудшению состояния организма и даже смерти [В.А. Михайлович, А.Г. Мирошниченко, 2005; С.А. Сумин, 2005]. This article describes the main actions in providing medical care to patients with burns at the stages of medical evacuation. The urgency of the problem is due to the fact that timely first aid to victims prevents the deterioration of the body, which significantly affects the reduction of mortality, disability and the timing of temporary disability of patients and victims, significantly reduces the cost of their treatment and rehabilitation [V. I. Brilkin, 2000; E. I. Bialik, 2001]. Medical care at the prehospital stage is particularly important in cases of severe circulatory and respiratory disorders, clinical death, bleeding, fractures, thermal and chemical burns, when failure to provide assistance or its delay quickly leads to a significant deterioration of the body's condition and even death [V. A. Mikhailovich, A. G. Miroshnichenko, 2005; S. A. Sumin, 2005].

scholarly journals Recent Impact of Microfluidics on Skin Models for Perspiration Simulation

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Genís Rabost-Garcia ◽  
Josep Farré-Lladós ◽  
Jasmina Casals-Terré
Keyword(s):  
Sweat Gland ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Wearable Technology ◽  
Alternative Strategies ◽  
Accurate Model ◽  
Key Features

Skin models offer an in vitro alternative to human trials without their high costs, variability, and ethical issues. Perspiration models, in particular, have gained relevance lately due to the rise of sweat analysis and wearable technology. The predominant approach to replicate the key features of perspiration (sweat gland dimensions, sweat rates, and skin surface characteristics) is to use laser-machined membranes. Although they work effectively, they present some limitations at the time of replicating sweat gland dimensions. Alternative strategies in terms of fabrication and materials have also showed similar challenges. Additional research is necessary to implement a standardized, simple, and accurate model representing sweating for wearable sensors testing.

scholarly journals Intensive Care in a Patient with Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
J. Wallenborn ◽  
M. Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Drug Reaction ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis ◽  
Marked Improvement ◽  
Pain Therapy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Rapid Progression ◽  
Volume Management ◽  
Multiresistant Bacteria ◽  
Mucosal Involvement

Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a serious adverse drug reaction with high lethality, which usually requires intensive-medical care. A 44-year-old man developed generalized exanthema with increasing exfoliation and mucosal involvement after taking allopurinol, ibuprofen, and etoricoxib. The clinical diagnosis of TEN was histologically confirmed. Prednisolone therapy with 3 mg/kg body weight (BW) was not able to prevent further progress to finally 80% of the body surface, and infliximab 5 mg/kg BW was given as a single dose. This prevented further progression of the TEN. Despite marked improvement in skin findings, the ICU stay was prolonged by a complex analgosedation, transient kidney failure, volume management, positioning therapy, and vegetatively impeded weaning. Moreover, there was colonization with multiresistant bacteria (MRSA and VRE). Nonetheless, the patient could be restored to health and was released after four weeks. Infliximab seems to be effective in the treatment of TEN, especially in cases of rapid progression. Moreover, patients with TEN are difficult to handle in intensive-medical care, whereby attention should especially be paid to sufficient pain therapy, and the positioning of the patient is a particular challenge.

scholarly journals Recent advances in non-surgical management of cancer in the elderly

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1793
Author(s):  
Emily J. Guerard ◽  
Gil E. Harmon ◽  
Kieran D. Sahasrabudhe ◽  
Noelle K. LoConte
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Supportive Care ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Chemotherapy Agents

This article summarizes the seminal publications from mid-2016 through 2017 in the area of medical care for older adults with cancer. Areas addressed include chemotherapy tolerance and efficacy in the aged, geriatric fitness assessments, and advancements in palliative and supportive care. The practice-changing finding from this past year’s publications is that antipsychotics should not be used in the management of terminal delirium in older adults receiving palliative care. The other trials demonstrated an improved understanding of the utility of geriatric assessments in patients with cancer, developed the body of information about which chemotherapy agents are safe and effective in older adults (and which are not), and expanded our understanding of good palliative and supportive care.

Smart Textiles with Biosensing Capabilities

2012 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 129-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphanie Pasche ◽  
Bastien Schyrr ◽  
Bernard Wenger ◽  
Emmanuel Scolan ◽  
Réal Ischer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Surrounding Medium ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
The Body ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Easy Integration

Real-time, on-body measurement using minimally invasive biosensors opens up new perspectives for diagnosis and disease monitoring. Wearable sensors are placed in close contact with the body, performing analyses in accessible biological fluids (wound exudates, sweat). In this context, a network of biosensing optical fibers woven in textile enables the fabric to measure biological parameters in the surrounding medium. Optical fibers are attractive in view of their flexibility and easy integration for on-body monitoring. Biosensing fibers are obtained by modifying standard optical fibers with a sensitive layer specific to biomarkers. Detection is based on light absorption of the sensing fiber, placing a light source and a detector at both extremities of the fiber. Biosensing optical fibers have been developed for the in situ monitoring of wound healing, measuring pH and the activity of proteases in exudates. Other developments aim at the design of sensing patches based on functionalized, porous sol-gel layers, which can be deposited onto textiles and show optical changes in response to biomarkers. Biosensing textiles present interesting perspectives for innovative healthcare monitoring. Wearable sensors will provide access to new information from the body in real time, to support diagnosis and therapy.

scholarly journals Prevalence, Structure and Nature of Injuries in City of Ryazan and Ryazan Region, According to Records of Emergency Medical Teams

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-34
Author(s):  
S.V. Yankina ◽  
◽  
N.V. Shatrova ◽  
A.Ju Efratov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Emergency Medical Care ◽  
Medical Evacuation ◽  
Emergency Medical ◽  
Medical Teams ◽  
The City

The aim of the study is to study the prevalence, structure and nature of injuries, to identify the frequency of deaths at the stage of medical evacuation, and to determine the number of injured people who need medical care in medical organizations (LMO), according to the data on requests of the population of the Ryazan region and the city of Ryazan for emergency medical care (SMP). Materials and methods of research. Statistical data on the requests of victims with injuries for emergency medical care in the Ryazan region and the city of Ryazan are analyzed. Materials of the study – maps of calls of the SMP teams in Ryazan and statistical data for the Ryazan region for 2017-2019. The results of the study and their analysis. The most frequent causes of injuries, their nature, the frequency of requests of the population of the Ryazan region and the city of Ryazan for emergency medical care, the number of deaths and the frequency of hospitalizations for injuries were determined.

scholarly journals The Impact of Nutritional Status and Body Mass Index on Rehabilitation Outcomes in Patients Receiving Home-Based Medical Care

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Kanako Eiwa ◽  
Naomi Nakayama ◽  
Yumi Takami ◽  
Shuko Iwasaki ◽  
Yoshinori Hino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
The Body ◽  
Rehabilitation Outcomes ◽  
Home Based ◽  
The Impact

Background: Home-based medical care is expanding rapidly in Japan.Objectives: We aimed to identify the factors associated with outcomes of therapy in patients receiving home-visit rehabilitation.Methods: One hundred twenty-one patients receiving home-based rehabilitation were investigated. Nutritional status was assessed by the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF). The Functional Independence Measure (FIM) was employed to assess the activities of daily living (ADL). The body mass index (BMI), medical history, and orthopedic disease-related pain were also recorded. The primary outcome was the improvement in FIM scores in one year.Results: A total of 19 (17%) patients were malnourished and 58 (48%) were at risk of malnutrition. Malnourished patients had a lower FIM score at initiation than those at risk of malnutrition or with normal nutritional status. Only changes in patients’ BMI and MNA-SF scores over one year were significantly associated with improved FIM scores (p = 0.0079 and p = 0.0049, respectively). No association was noted with the other factors.Conclusions: This is the first report to demonstrate that changes in MNA-SF scores and BMI are significantly associated with rehabilitation outcomes in home-based care. Nutritional management is essential along with rehabilitation to improve ADL in the long-term home care setting.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document