scholarly journals Independent Left Ventricular Morphometric Atlases Show Consistent Relationships with Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A UK Biobank Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Gilbert ◽  
Wenjia Bai ◽  
Charlene Mauger ◽  
Pau Medrano-Gracia ◽  
Avan Suinesiaputra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Uk Biobank

SURVEY OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS AND ELECTROCARDIGRAPHIC, ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC ABNORMALITIES IN PATIENTS ON WAITING LIST FOR RENAL TRANSPLANTATION

2014 ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
Huu Thinh Nguyen ◽  
Thi Thuy Hang Nguyen ◽  
Bui Bao Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Renal Transplantation ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Valve Insufficiency ◽  
Transplant Candidates ◽  
End Stage

Background: Cardiovascular disease is the major cause of death in dialysis patients, as well as in kidney transplant patients. Assessment of cardiovascular risks of renal transplant candidates to prevent or slow the progression of cardiovascular abệnh nhânormalities. Aim: 1) Evaluating cardiovascular risk factors, electrocardiographic and echocardiographic abnormalities in renal transplant candidates. 2) Identifying the correlation between cardiac morphological parameters with a number of factors involved. Subjects and Methods: We assessed 57 patients (73.7% male, mean age 32.4±8.8) with end-stage renal disease waiting for renal transplantation at Cho Ray Hospital between Jan 2012 and Jan 2013. All patients received a physical examination, blood pressure measurement, Hb, blood glucose test, lipid profile, ECG, echocardiography. Results: The percentage of hypertension was 98.2%, smoking (69.2%), dyslipidemia 40.4% and diabetes 12.3%. All patients had sinus rhythm, left ventricular hypertrophy 61.4% in ECG. Pericardial effusion 5.3%, mitral valve insufficiency 56.1%, aortic valve insufficiency 12.3%, left ventricular hypertrophy 94.7% in echocardiography. IVSd, LVPWd, LVMI positively correlated with kidney failure time (p <0.01, p<0.001), with DBP and SBP (p <0.05) and the degree of anemia (p <0.05). Percentage the degree of hypertension associated with proportion of left ventricular hypertrophy (p <0.05). Conclusions: Identification of cardiovascular risk factors for the prevention or intervention to reduce mortality in renal transplantation. Keywords: Cardiovascular risk factors, end-stage chronic renal failure, renal transplantation.

scholarly journals Sex differences in the association between major cardiovascular risk factors in midlife and dementia: a cohort study using data from the UK Biobank

BMC Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Gong ◽  
Katie Harris ◽  
Sanne A. E. Peters ◽  
Mark Woodward
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Sex Difference ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Background Sex differences in major cardiovascular risk factors for incident (fatal or non-fatal) all-cause dementia were assessed in the UK Biobank. The effects of these risk factors on all-cause dementia were explored by age and socioeconomic status (SES). Methods Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and women-to-men ratio of HRs (RHR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), smoking, diabetes, adiposity, stroke, SES and lipids with dementia. Poisson regression was used to estimate the sex-specific incidence rate of dementia for these risk factors. Results 502,226 individuals in midlife (54.4% women, mean age 56.5 years) with no prevalent dementia were included in the analyses. Over 11.8 years (median), 4068 participants (45.9% women) developed dementia. The crude incidence rates were 5.88 [95% CI 5.62–6.16] for women and 8.42 [8.07–8.78] for men, per 10,000 person-years. Sex was associated with the risk of dementia, where the risk was lower in women than men (HR = 0.83 [0.77–0.89]). Current smoking, diabetes, high adiposity, prior stroke and low SES were associated with a greater risk of dementia, similarly in women and men. The relationship between blood pressure (BP) and dementia was U-shaped in men but had a dose-response relationship in women: the HR for SBP per 20 mmHg was 1.08 [1.02–1.13] in women and 0.98 [0.93–1.03] in men. This sex difference was not affected by the use of antihypertensive medication at baseline. The sex difference in the effect of raised BP was consistent for dementia subtypes (vascular dementia and Alzheimer’s disease). Conclusions Several mid-life cardiovascular risk factors were associated with dementia similarly in women and men, but not raised BP. Future bespoke BP-lowering trials are necessary to understand its role in restricting cognitive decline and to clarify any sex difference.

Investigation of the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in obese patients diagnosed with metabolic syndrome in childhood and examination of left ventricular function by echocardiography

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Güzin Özden ◽  
Ayşe Esin Kibar Gül ◽  
Eda Mengen ◽  
Ahmet Ucaktürk ◽  
Hazım Alper Gürsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Common Component

Abstract Objectives The objective of this study is to investigate the cardiovascular risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS), which is increasingly becoming prevalent in childhood obesity. Methods A total of 113 patients, 76 of whom were between the ages of 10 and 17 (mean age: 14.5 ± 1.8 years) and diagnosed with obesity (30 non-MetS and 46 MetS using IDF) and 37 of whom constituted the control group, participated in the study. Echocardiographic examination and atherogenicity parameters (Atherogenic index of plasma [AIP: logTG/HDL], total cholesterol/HDL, and TG/HDL ratio and non-HDL) were evaluated. Results The most common component accompanying obese MetS was found to be hypertension and low HDL. While obesity duration, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, fasting insulin, insulin resistance, atherogenicity parameters were determined to be significantly higher in the obese-MetS group. Echocardiography showed that while the thickness, volume, and diameter of LV end-diastolic wall, left ventricular mass (LVM), LVM index (LVMI g/m2) and relative wall thickness (RWT) were significantly high in the MetS group, however, mitral E/A ratio was significantly lower (p<0.05). Change in LV geometry consistent with concentric remodeling (increased RWT, normal LVMI) was visible in obese groups. LVM were positively significantly related to BMI, waist circumference, insulin resistance, blood pressure, LDL level, and negative to mitral E/A ratio. In the obese-MetS group, LVMI was positively correlated to office systolic BP, left atrium end-diastolic volume/index. Conclusions LVMI and atherogenicity parameters that were found to be significantly higher in obese MetS exhibit increased cardiovascular risk in childhood.

scholarly journals Diastolic dysfunction in individuals with and without heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan-Per Wenzel ◽  
Ramona Bei der Kellen ◽  
Christina Magnussen ◽  
Stefan Blankenberg ◽  
Benedikt Schrage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
General Population ◽  
Diastolic Dysfunction ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Common Finding

Abstract Aim Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (DD), a common finding in the general population, is considered to be associated with heart failure with preserved ejection faction (HFpEF). Here we evaluate the prevalence and correlates of DD in subjects with and without HFpEF in a middle-aged sample of the general population. Methods and results From the first 10,000 participants of the population-based Hamburg City Health Study (HCHS), 5913 subjects (mean age 64.4 ± 8.3 years, 51.3% females), qualified for the current analysis. Diastolic dysfunction (DD) was identified in 753 (12.7%) participants. Of those, 11.2% showed DD without HFpEF (ALVDD) while 1.3% suffered from DD with HFpEF (DDwHFpEF). In multivariable regression analysis adjusted for major cardiovascular risk factors, ALVDD was associated with arterial hypertension (OR 2.0, p < 0.001) and HbA1c (OR 1.2, p = 0.007). Associations of both ALVDD and DDwHFpEF were: age (OR 1.7, p < 0.001; OR 2.7, p < 0.001), BMI (OR 1.2, p < 0.001; OR 1.6, p = 0.001), and left ventricular mass index (LVMI). In contrast, female sex (OR 2.5, p = 0.006), atrial fibrillation (OR 2.6, p = 0.024), CAD (OR 7.2, p < 0.001) COPD (OR 3.9, p < 0.001), and QRS duration (OR 1.4, p = 0.005) were strongly associated with DDwHFpEF but not with ALVDD. Conclusion The prevalence of DD in a sample from the first 10,000 participants of the population-based HCHS was 12.7% of whom 1.3% suffered from HFpEF. DD with and without HFpEF showed significant associations with different major cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities warranting further research for their possible role in the formation of both ALVDD and DDwHFpEF.

scholarly journals Gender peculiarities of interrelations between cardiovascular risk factors and development of prehypertension

2018 ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
В.В. Шерстнёв ◽  
М.А. Грудень ◽  
О.В. Сенько ◽  
В.П. Карлина ◽  
А.В. Кузнецова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Drug Prevention ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Prevention Of Hypertension ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Qualitative Changes

В настоящее время доказано, что предгипертензия, характеризующая состояние лиц с артериальным давлением (АД) от 120/80 мм рт.ст. до 139/89 мм рт.ст., имеет высокую и постоянно возрастающую распространенность среди населения во всем мире и является независимым фактором риска формирования артериальной гипертонии, развития сердечно-сосудистой заболеваемости и смертности. Это делает актуальным изучение взаимосвязи развития предгипертензии с наличием других факторов риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. Целью данного исследования явилось изучение гендерных особенностей взаимосвязи факторов риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний и развития предгипертензии. Методы исследования. Проведен сравнительный и корреляционный анализ показателей модифицируемых и немодифицируемых факторов риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний у 115 обследованных лиц мужского (n = 49) и женского пола (n = 66), средний возраст которых составил 47,6 ± 0,7 года с оптимальным АД (n = 63, АД < 120/80 мм рт.ст.) и предгипертензией (n = 52, АД 120-139/80-89 мм рт.ст.). Результаты исследования. Обнаружено, что мужчины и женщины с оптимальным АД и с предгипертензией различаются спектром факторов риска и структурой взаимосвязи исследованных показателей. У мужчин предгипертензия ассоциирована с повышенным содержанием креатинина в крови и табакокурением, тогда как у женщин - с гипертрофией левого желудочка сердца, стрессом и наследственной отягощенностью по гипертонической болезни. Развитие предгипертензии у женщин по сравнению с мужчинами характеризуется более выраженными количественными и качественными изменениями структуры взаимосвязей показателей исследованных факторов риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. Заключение. Полученные результаты представляют интерес для понимания механизмов патогенеза предгипертензии и разработки стратегии её персонифицированной немедикаментозной и медикаментозной профилактики, основанной на устранении или ослаблении определенных факторов риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. Currently it is proved that prehypertension characterizing the condition of individuals with blood pressure (BP) from 120/80 mm Hg to 139/89 mm Hg has a high, continuously increasing prevalence worldwide and is an independent risk factor for development of arterial hypertension and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, which justifies studying the relationship between prehypertension and the presence of other risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate gender features of the relationship between risk factors for cardiovascular disease and development of prehypertension. Methods. Comparative and correlation analyses of modifiable and non-modifiable cardiovascular risk factors were performed for 115 males (n = 49) and females (n = 66) aged 47.6 ± 0.7 with optimal BP (n = 63, BP < 120/80 mm Hg) or prehypertension (n = 52, AD = 120-139/80-89 mm Hg). Results. Men and women with optimal BP and prehypertension differed in the array of risk factors and the structure of relationship between the studied indices. In men, prehypertension was associated with an elevated blood creatinine and tobacco smoking whereas in women - with left ventricular hypertrophy, stress, and hereditary burden of hypertension. The development of prehypertension in women compared to men was characterized by more pronounced quantitative and qualitative changes in the structure of interrelationships between indices of the studied cardiovascular risk factors. Conclusion. The obtained results provide insight into pathogenetic mechanisms of prehypertension. They can be used for developing a strategy for individualized non-drug and drug prevention of hypertension based on elimination or reduction of certain cardiovascular risk factors.

scholarly journals Obese and Type 2 Diabetic Youth Have Increased Forward and Backward Wave Reflections

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew H. Tran ◽  
Thomas R. Kimball ◽  
Philip R. Khoury ◽  
Lawrence M. Dolan ◽  
Elaine M. Urbina
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Wave Reflections ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Backward Wave

Objective: Pulse wave analysis estimates arterial wave reflections relating to left ventricular dysfunction and cardiovascular event risk in adults. Forward and backward waves (Pf and Pb) may improve risk stratification for cardiovascular events. Data in youth are lacking. We hypothesized that a significant difference in wave reflections would be identified in young subjects with adverse cardiovascular risk factors. Approach and Results: Vital signs and labs were obtained in 551 patients aged 10 to 24 years who were lean (L=199), obese (O=173), or had type 2 diabetes (T=179). Wave separation was performed. Differences in cardiovascular risk factors and wave reflections were assessed using ANOVA. General linear models were constructed to elucidate independent predictors of wave reflections. O and T subjects had an adverse cardiovascular risk profile versus L. O and T subjects had higher Pf and Pb versus L ( P ≤0.05). When adjusted for adiposity and other cardiovascular risk factors, reflection magnitude increased from L to O to T with higher T versus L values ( P ≤0.05) and near-significant O versus L values ( P =0.06). Adiposity and blood pressure were major determinants of wave reflections. Pb influenced log left ventricular mass index, log E/e′, and log composite carotid intima-media thickness. Conclusions: Adolescents and young adults with obesity and type 2 diabetes have altered forward and backward wave reflections versus lean controls related to adiposity, BP, and insulin levels. These parameters may help risk stratify patients with adverse cardiovascular risk factors.

Abstract P124: Neighborhood Density of Hispanic/Latinos and Left Ventricular Structure: ECHO-SOL and SOL-CASAS

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Ponce ◽  
Matthew A Allison ◽  
Jordan A Carlson ◽  
Krista M Perreira ◽  
Matthew S Loop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Ethnic Density ◽  
Ventricular Structure ◽  
Hispanic Latinos ◽  
And Function

Introduction: Heart failure represents a significant public health problem because of increasing prevalence and lack of effective medical treatment. Hispanic/Latinos have a high burden of cardio-metabolic comorbidities and adverse socioeconomic conditions that place them at risk for heart failure. However, some literature indicates that among Hispanics/Latinos, residing in areas with high Hispanic/Latino ethnic density is associated with better health outcomes. There is a paucity of data on the effect of Hispanic/Latino ethnic density and risk markers for heart failure. Therefore, we evaluated the association between Hispanic/Latino ethnic concentration and several echocardiographic measures of left ventricular structure and function. Methods: Data on baseline characteristics from the Hispanic Communities Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL), echocardiographic measures of cardiac structure and function (ECHO-SOL), and neighborhood Hispanic/Latino ethnic density (San Diego SOL-CASAS) were analyzed. Hispanic/Latino ethnic density was calculated for each person based on an 800-m buffer around their home. Hispanic/Latino ethnic density was then calculated using data from the 2010 Census as the percent of Hispanic/Latinos divided by the total population at the Census block level and calculating an average value for all Census blocks that overlapped with the participant's address. Multivariable linear regression analysis adjusting for personal demographics and cardiovascular risk factors was conducted. Results: A total of 350 participants with data from all three databases were included in the analysis. The mean age was 55±7 years, 69% were female, and 26%, 38%, and 43% had diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, respectively. Thirty-six percent had less than high school education, and 58% were low income. In models adjusting for age, sex, education level, income, acculturation, and cardiovascular risk factors, a 1-percent higher Hispanic/Latino ethnic density was associated with lower left ventricular mass (0.47, p-value = 0.02). Other echocardiographic measures of cardiac structure and function were not significantly related to Hispanic/Latino ethnic density. Conclusion: Higher Hispanic/Latino ethnic density was associated with lower LVM independent of personal SES and common cardiovascular risk factors. These findings suggest that Hispanic/Latinos residing in areas with higher Hispanic/Latino ethnic density might have a lower risk of future HF. However, further research to understand the specific factors that mediate the observed associations are necessary.

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