scholarly journals Somatic substitution signature as an innovative tool in lung cancer diagnosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphane Busca ◽  
Julia Salleron ◽  
Romain Boidot ◽  
Jean-Louis Merlin ◽  
Alexandre Harlé
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
External Validation ◽  
Medical Decision ◽  
Validation Dataset ◽  
Unknown Primary ◽  
Solid Cancer ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Lung Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Major Interest ◽  
Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer

Abstract Diagnosis of lung cancer can sometimes be challenging and is of major interest since effective molecular-guided therapies are available. Compounds of tobacco smoke may generate a specific substitutional signature in lung, which is the most exposed organ. To predict whether a tumor is of lung origin or not, we developed and validated the EASILUNG (Exome And SIgnature LUNG) test based on the relative frequencies of somatic substitutions on coding non-transcribed DNA strands from whole-exome sequenced tumors. Data from 7,796 frozen tumor samples (prior to any treatment) from 32 TCGA solid cancer groups were used for its development. External validation was carried out on a local dataset of 196 consecutive routine exome results. Eight out of the 12 classes of substitutions were required to compute the EASILUNG signature that demonstrated good calibration and good discriminative power with a sensitivity of 83% and a specificity of 72% after recalibration on the external validation dataset. This innovative test may be helpful in medical decision-making in patients with unknown primary tumors potentially of lung origin and in the diagnosis of lung cancer in smokers.

An Automated Computer System Based on Genetic Algorithm and Fuzzy Systems for Lung Cancer Diagnosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 583-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abir Alharbi
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Classification Performance ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Lung Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Degree Of Confidence ◽  
Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer ◽  
Rule System

AbstractAn automated system for the diagnosis of lung cancer is proposed in this paper, the system is designed by combining two major methodologies, namely the fuzzy base systems and the evolutionary genetic algorithms (GAs), to be employed on lung cancer data to assist physicians in the early detection of lung cancers, and hence obtain an early automated diagnosis complementary to that by physicians. Our hybrid algorithm, the genetic-fuzzy algorithm, has produced optimized diagnosis systems that attain high classification performance, in fact, our best six rule system obtained a 97.5 % accuracy, with simple and well interpretive rules, with 93 % degree of confidence, and without the need for dimensionality reduction. The results on real data indicate that the proposed system is very effective in the diagnosis of lung cancer and can be used for clinical applications.

External validation of a panel of plasma microRNA biomarkers for lung cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 1557-1564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Li ◽  
HongBin Fang ◽  
Fang Jiang ◽  
Yang Ning
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
External Validation ◽  
Early Stage Lung Cancer ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Diagnostic Values ◽  
Plasma Microrna ◽  
Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer Detection ◽  
Plasma Mirnas

Aim: We externally validate plasma miRNAs biomarkers for lung cancer in a large and retrospective sample set collected from a geographically distant population. Methods: Plasma samples are tested blindly to the clinical annotations by using PCR for quantitation of the four miRNAs in cohort 1 consisting of 232 lung cancer cases and 243 controls and cohort 2 comprising 239 cases and 246 controls. Results: Combined use of the four plasma miRNAs has 91% sensitivity and 95% specificity for diagnosis of lung cancer, and 85% sensitivity for early-stage lung cancer, while maintaining a specificity of 95%. Conclusion: The diagnostic values of the biomarkers are reproducibly confirmed in the independent and large sample sets, providing an assay for lung cancer detection.

scholarly journals Considering Patients’ Mental Capacity When Giving Them Bad News May Help Their Well-Being: A Case of Suicide Attempt after Being Informed of Lung Cancer Diagnosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Toshiyuki Kobayashi ◽  
Satoshi Kato ◽  
Mitsuo Takeuchi
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mental Capacity ◽  
Bad News ◽  
Lung Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer ◽  
Mental Well Being

Mental capacity is a central determinant of patients’ ability to make autonomous decisions about their care and deal with bad news. Physicians should be cognizant of this when giving patients bad news in efforts to help them to cope with the illness and to avoid a deterioration of their mental well-being. To show the importance of this concept, a case of suicide attempt with lung cancer is exemplified. A 76-year-old woman attempted suicide after receiving a diagnosis of lung cancer. Her recent life had been emotionally turbulent and she did not have sufficient mental capacity to accept and cope with this truth. She developed depression before attempting suicide.

scholarly journals External validation of radiomics‐based predictive models in low‐dose CT screening for early lung cancer diagnosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 4125-4136
Author(s):  
Noemi Garau ◽  
Chiara Paganelli ◽  
Paul Summers ◽  
Wookjin Choi ◽  
Sadegh Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Predictive Models ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
External Validation ◽  
Ct Screening ◽  
Low Dose Ct ◽  
Lung Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Early Lung Cancer

scholarly journals Exo-miRNAs as a New Tool for Liquid Biopsy in Lung Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orazio Fortunato ◽  
Patrizia Gasparini ◽  
Mattia Boeri ◽  
Gabriella Sozzi
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Liquid Biopsy ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Lung Carcinogenesis ◽  
Lung Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer ◽  
Exosomal Mirna ◽  
Different Cell Types

Lung cancer is the predominant cause of cancer-related deaths. The high mortality rates are mainly due to the lack of diagnosis before the cancer is at a late stage. Liquid biopsy is a promising technique that could allow early diagnosis of lung cancer and better treatment selection for patients. Cell-free microRNAs have been detected in biological fluids, such as serum and plasma, and are considered interesting biomarkers for lung cancer screening and detection. Exosomes are nanovesicles of 30–150 nm and can be released by different cell types within the tumor microenvironment. Their exosomal composition reflects that of their parental cells and could be potentially useful as a biomarker for lung cancer diagnosis. This review summarizes the state-of-the-art of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in lung cancer, focusing on their potential use in clinical practice. Moreover, we describe the importance of exosomal miRNA cargo in lung cancer detection and their potential role during lung carcinogenesis. Finally, we discuss our experience with the analysis of circulating exosomal miRNAs in the bioMILD screening trial.

scholarly journals Stigma as a barrier to diagnosis of lung cancer: patient and general practitioner perspectives

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (06) ◽  
pp. 618-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Scott ◽  
Melanie Crane ◽  
Mayanne Lafontaine ◽  
Holly Seale ◽  
David Currow
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
General Practitioner ◽  
New South ◽  
Short Report ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Lung Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer ◽  
Delays In Diagnosis ◽  
The Impact

The prognosis for people with lung cancer may be worsened by delays in seeking medical help following the onset of symptoms. Previous research has highlighted that patients’ experiences of stigma and blame may contribute to these delays. This short report focuses on stigma as a barrier to diagnosis of lung cancer, from patient and general practitioner (GP) perspectives. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with people diagnosed with lung cancer (n=20) and with GPs (n=10) in New South Wales, Australia. Participants’ experiences of blame and stigma, GPs preconceptions of lung cancer risk and the impact of anti-smoking messaging were explored. Participants reported experiencing stigma owing to a diagnosis of lung cancer. For some, the anticipation of stigma resulted in delays in seeking diagnosis and hence treatment. The sense of blame associated with a lung cancer diagnosis was also reflected in GP interviews. Successful tobacco control activities have increased societal awareness of lung cancer as smoking related and potentially contributed to the participants’ experiences of stigma. Removing blame associated with smoking is central to reducing delays in diagnosis of lung cancer.

scholarly journals Current and Future Development in Lung Cancer Diagnosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (16) ◽  
pp. 8661
Author(s):  
Reem Nooreldeen ◽  
Horacio Bach
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Lung Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
High Risk Populations ◽  
Novel Biomarkers ◽  
Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer ◽  
Potential Use

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in North America and other developed countries. One of the reasons lung cancer is at the top of the list is that it is often not diagnosed until the cancer is at an advanced stage. Thus, the earliest diagnosis of lung cancer is crucial, especially in screening high-risk populations, such as smokers, exposure to fumes, oil fields, toxic occupational places, etc. Based on the current knowledge, it looks that there is an urgent need to identify novel biomarkers. The current diagnosis of lung cancer includes different types of imaging complemented with pathological assessment of biopsies, but these techniques can still not detect early lung cancer developments. In this review, we described the advantages and disadvantages of current methods used in diagnosing lung cancer, and we provide an analysis of the potential use of body fluids as carriers of biomarkers as predictors of cancer development and progression.

scholarly journals Challenges in lung cancer diagnosis during the outbreak of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
chunhua xu ◽  
wei wang ◽  
li li ◽  
jiwang wang
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Needle Biopsy ◽  
Transbronchial Biopsy ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Lung Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Individualized Management

A pandemic of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) outbreak is a major public health emergency that has spread in the fastest speed, and caused the most extensive infection world widely. Transbronchial biopsy (TBB) and computed tomography guided percutaneous needle biopsy (CTPNB) is the most common and significant method for the diagnosis of lung cancer. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the indications of TBB and CTPNB must be managed strictly. Therefore, it is extremely indispensable to perform meticulous and individualized management for lung cancer patients to protect the patients from COVID-19.

scholarly journals Ancillary Testing in Lung Cancer Diagnosis

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Dubinski ◽  
Natasha B. Leighl ◽  
Ming-Sound Tsao ◽  
David M. Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Molecular Diagnostics ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Targeted Therapies ◽  
Patient Management ◽  
Predictive Information ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Pathologic Diagnosis ◽  
Lung Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer

The pathologic diagnosis of lung cancer historically has relied primarily on morphologic features of tumors in histologic sections. With the emergence of new targeted therapies, the pathologist is called upon increasingly to provide not only accurate typing of lung cancers, but also to provide prognostic and predictive information, based on a growing number of ancillary tests, that may have significant impact on patient management. This review provides an overview of ancillary tests currently used in the pathologic diagnosis of lung cancer, with a focus on immunohistochemistry and molecular diagnostics.

scholarly journals Effect of Comorbidity on Lung Cancer Diagnosis Timing and Mortality: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study in Taiwan

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinechimeg Dima ◽  
Kun-Huang Chen ◽  
Kung-Jeng Wang ◽  
Kung-Min Wang ◽  
Nai-Chia Teng
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Physician Visits ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Lung Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer

The effect of comorbidity on lung cancer patients’ survival has been widely reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of comorbidity on the establishment of the diagnosis of lung cancer and survival in lung cancer patients in Taiwan by using a nationwide population-based study design. This study collected various comorbidity patients and analyzed data regarding the lung cancer diagnosis and survival during a 16-year follow-up period (1995–2010). In total, 101,776 lung cancer patients were included, comprising 44,770 with and 57,006 without comorbidity. The Kaplan–Meier analyses were used to compare overall survival between lung cancer patients with and without comorbidity. In our cohort, chronic bronchitis patients who developed lung cancer had the lowest overall survival in one (45%), five (28.6%), and ten years (26.2%) since lung cancer diagnosis. Among lung cancer patients with nonpulmonary comorbidities, patients with hypertension had the lowest overall survival in one (47.9%), five (30.5%), and ten (28.2%) years since lung cancer diagnosis. In 2010, patients with and without comorbidity had 14.86 and 9.31 clinical visits, respectively. Lung cancer patients with preexisting comorbidity had higher frequency of physician visits. The presence of comorbid conditions was associated with early diagnosis of lung cancer.

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