We are all migrants

Migration is the basis for development—economic, social, and psychological. In this paper I will examine borders on migration that entail the ambivalent relating by the societal context of migration to the act of movement of the people who become migrants, and their counterparts (“counter-migrants”) who do not. My focus on the issue stems from my theory of Cultural Psychology of Semiotic Dynamics that can deal with the process of becoming, being, and feeling as “migrant” or “counter-migrant”. A societal rule system is fortified by the system of social representations of the people who—by the act of moving from one place to another—are designated to become migrants by the rule systems of the non-migrants. Cultural psychology contributes to the study of the emerging prejudices and ways of their overcoming by the non-migrant local recipients as well as to the ambivalences of the persons who move to the relating with the social role “migrant” and its overcoming. Historically speaking—we as the species of Homo sapiens are all migrants—only at differing times and circumstances.

Fuzzy Logic-Based Controller for Bipedal Robot

In this paper, the problem of controlling a human-like bipedal robot while walking is studied. The control method commonly applied when controlling robots in general and bipedal robots in particular, was based on a dynamical model. This led to the need to accurately define the dynamical model of the robot. The activities of bipedal robots to replace humans, serve humans, or interact with humans are diverse and ever-changing. Accurate determination of the dynamical model of the robot is difficult because it is difficult to fully and accurately determine the dynamical quantities in the differential equations of motion of the robot. Additionally, another difficulty is that because the robot’s operation is always changing, the dynamical quantities also change. There have been a number of works applying fuzzy logic-based controllers and neural networks to control bipedal robots. These methods can overcome to some extent the uncertainties mentioned above. However, it is a challenge to build appropriate rule systems that ensure the control quality as well as the controller’s ability to perform easily and flexibly. In this paper, a method for building a fuzzy rule system suitable for bipedal robot control is proposed. The design of the motion trajectory for the robot according to the human gait and the analysis of dynamical factors affecting the equilibrium condition and the tracking trajectory were performed to provide informational data as well as parameters. Based on that, a fuzzy rule system and fuzzy controller was proposed and built, allowing a determination of the control force/moment without relying on the dynamical model of the robot. For evaluation, an exact controller based on the assumption of an accurate dynamical model, which was a two-feedback loop controller based on integrated inverse dynamics with proportional integral derivative, is also proposed. To confirm the validity of the proposed fuzzy rule system and fuzzy controller, computation and numerical simulation were performed for both types of controllers. Comparison of numerical simulation results showed that the fuzzy rule system and the fuzzy controller worked well. The proposed fuzzy rule system is simple and easy to apply.

Analisis Penjadwalan Produksi Berdasarkan Pesanan Menggunakan Metode Asas Prioritas pada CV Davero Cemerlang Indonesia Surabaya

The purpose of this study was to determine the most efficient order scheduling technique on CV. Davero Jaya Shining Indonesia to reduce delays in order fulfillment. The suggested scheduling approach is based on a priority rule system that includes the following criteria: first come, first served, lowest processing time, longest processing time, and earliest due date (first come first served). Davero Jaya Cemerlang Indonesia uses the SPT technique in its manufacturing process, according to their company CV. The company decided to adopt this technique because it seemed reasonable from a consumer's point of view. The downside of this technique is that it often causes delays in completing client orders. Based on the results of data analysis and debates that have been given, the FCFS technique is the most superior method among others. Considering the fact that the findings of the FCFS method effectiveness measure are consistent with the current criteria, which include minimum average completion scores, maximum utility, minimum average delay, and minimum average labor force in the system. Therefore, the researchers gave suggestions to the company CV. Davero Jaya Cemerlang Indonesia to use the FCFS method as an alternative production scheduling method. With the application of the FCFS method in CV. Davero Jaya Cemerlang Indonesia is expected to be able to help resolve production scheduling problems that have been happening so far. So that the problem of delays in completing orders can be minimized. Keywords: Scheduling, Gantt Chart, Priority Principles and CV. Davero Jaya Cemerlang Indonesia

The productivity of Dutch diminutives

This study reports on an investigation of the productivity of the Dutch diminutive paradigm, which gives rise to five suffixal allomorphs, against the background of Yang’s (2016) Tolerance Principle. It shows how, by studying the frequency of the allomorphs and the environments in which they occur, we can use the Tolerance Principle to determine if a productive rule system can be found for the Dutch diminutives. In doing so, we also describe how we collected the necessary data by setting up a corpus study on Dutch diminutives, including a specific one with data from child directed speech.

Infants differentially extract rules from language

Infants readily extract linguistic rules from speech. Here, we ask whether this advantage extends to linguistic stimuli that do not rely on the spoken modality. To address this question, we first examine whether infants can differentially learn rules from linguistic signs. We show that, despite having no previous experience with a sign language, six-month-old infants can extract the reduplicative rule (AA) from dynamic linguistic signs, and the neural response to reduplicative linguistic signs differs from reduplicative visual controls, matched for the dynamic spatiotemporal properties of signs. We next demonstrate that the brain response for reduplicative signs is similar to the response to reduplicative speech stimuli. Rule learning, then, apparently depends on the linguistic status of the stimulus, not its sensory modality. These results suggest that infants are language-ready. They possess a powerful rule system that is differentially engaged by all linguistic stimuli, speech or sign.

Integration of Image-Based Fog Detection with Autonomous Decision System for Intelligent Road Sign

The paper presents the description of the decision system implemented for Intelligent Road Signs. It focuses on the implementation of the novel air transparency analysis system and its integration with the rule system and the speed control infrastructure. Moreover, there are presented issues of making decisions about the content displayed in the case of autonomous and cooperating signs. To reflect more closely on real-life situations, it is assumed that the content presented by the IRS changes dynamically, depending on the road traffic and weather parameters. The IRS system operation was presented using fog detection as an example.

Part VIII Compliance, Implementation, and Effectiveness, Ch.56 Non-Compliance Procedures

This chapter reflects on non-compliance procedures, which have emerged in multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs) as they have in other areas of international law. While the focus of international treaty negotiation may, at one point, have been the substantive issues, the scope has, over time, shifted to include efforts to ensure the effective implementation of the substantive commitments and obligations negotiated. Along with other elements, such as dispute settlement procedures, education, and capacity-building, non-compliance procedures have become a key element of the overall effort to ensure the effective implementation of MEAs. The chapter considers the role of compliance systems in MEAs, with a brief survey of the debate over the respective role of facilitation and enforcement, followed by an exploration of the relationship between the primary rule system and elements of the compliance system. It then looks at the key elements of compliance systems before studying a selection of MEA compliance systems.

Rancang Bangun Sistem Pendeteksian Penyakit Tanaman Anthurium Dengan Metode Variable-Centered Intellegent Rule System (VCIRS)

The anthurium plant disease detection system that has been built is a system that can help diagnose diseases in anthurium plants based on symptoms input by the user and provide solutions to these problems. This system is intended to provide easy access to information about the types of anthurium diseases and their treatment solutions for planters, anthurium enthusiasts, or nonexpert who really need this information. This system uses disease and treatment data sourced from anthurium plant experts. There are 13 diseases and 44 symptoms of disease which becomes the system knowledge base. The research methodology carried out includes the process of knowledge acquisition, knowledge representation, VCIRS design, system analysis and design, system implementation and testing. In this study, the anthurium plant detection system was tested 13 times. The trial results showed that the system was able to diagnose anthurium plant diseases with an accuracy rate of 92.3%. Errors occur because of the diagnosis of symptoms used in several diseases and it turns out to have a higher usage rate value in a VCIRS rule.

Closure

When people learn normative systems, they do so based on limited evidence. Many of the possible actions that are available to an agent have never been explicitly permitted or prohibited. But people will often need to figure out whether those unspecified actions are permitted or prohibited. How does a learner resolve this incompleteness? It seems that at least for many people in many contexts, there is an assumption that if an action-type is not expressly forbidden, then acts of that type are permitted. This “closure principle” is one of Liberty. But how might such a principle be acquired? This chapter argues that the statistical technique of pedagogical sampling provides an answer. If one is taught a rule system via a set of prohibitions, this provides reason to think that the set of actions in the domain that are not mentioned in the prohibitions are permitted.

“END-SARS”AGITATION IN NIGERIA: A CORRELATIVE DISCOURSE OF UZO NWAMARA’S DANCE OF THE DELTA

Until recent time, the Nigerian space is besieged with issues emanating from “End-SARS” agitation, masterminded by some aggrieved youths who publicly protest to seek redress in fundamental issues that are affecting the Nigerian front in the 21st century. These issues include police brutalities, corrupt governance, hardship, weak political system, incessant killings, poverty, tribalism, divide, and rule system, and suffering. Their means of agitation include public demonstrations, blockade of governmental establishments, and disruption of governmental and non-governmental economic and social activities. This further paves room for hoodlums to acerbate their heinous and malicious acts, which includes likes of youth restiveness, shop breaking, theft, looting, and destruction of properties. These malicious dichotomies unequivocally increase the pain, suffering, hunger, and death of the people and threaten the existence of the Nigerian state. The study, therefore, aims at identifying the cause and effect of “End-SARS” agitation in the Nigerian space, drawing reference from Uzo Nwamara’s Dance of the Delta. To achieve this, Textual Analytical Approach and Social and Behavioural Change Communication Theory are employed as guides. Uzo Nwamara as a new generational Nigerian playwright strives in his plays to address issues of terrorism, youth restiveness, political bigotry, and tribal sentiments. Amongst the major suggestions, the study insists that job opportunities should be made available to the Nigerian youths as that would help decrease the rate of crime which paves room for the establishment of SARS and other crime-related agencies that are positioned to tackle crimes in the Nigerian state.