scholarly journals Magnetic resonance microscopy and correlative histopathology of the infarcted heart

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Itziar Perez-Terol ◽  
Cesar Rios-Navarro ◽  
Elena de Dios ◽  
Jose M. Morales ◽  
Jose Gavara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Contrast Agent ◽  
T2 Mapping ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Mr Microscopy ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Acute Mi ◽  
Representative Samples

AbstractDelayed enhancement cardiovascular magnetic resonance (MR) is the gold-standard for non-invasive assessment after myocardial infarction (MI). MR microscopy (MRM) provides a level of detail comparable to the macro objective of light microscopy. We used MRM and correlative histopathology to identify infarct and remote tissue in contrast agent-free multi-sequence MRM in swine MI hearts. One control group (n = 3 swine) and two experimental MI groups were formed: 90 min of ischemia followed by 1 week (acute MI = 6 swine) or 1 month (chronic MI = 5 swine) reperfusion. Representative samples of each heart were analysed by contrast agent-free multi-sequence (T1-weighting, T2-weighting, T2*-weighting, T2-mapping, and T2*-mapping). MRM was performed in a 14-Tesla vertical axis imager (Bruker-AVANCE 600 system). Images from MRM and the corresponding histopathological stained samples revealed differences in signal intensities between infarct and remote areas in both MI groups (p-value < 0.001). The multivariable models allowed us to precisely classify regions of interest (acute MI: specificity 92% and sensitivity 80%; chronic MI: specificity 100% and sensitivity 98%). Probabilistic maps based on MRM images clearly delineated the infarcted regions. As a proof of concept, these results illustrate the potential of MRM with correlative histopathology as a platform for exploring novel contrast agent-free MR biomarkers after MI.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Magnetic Resonance T2-Mapping and Matrix Metalloproteinase 1,3 in Knee Osteoarthritis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Shi ◽  
Kexin Wang ◽  
Jinghong Yu ◽  
Mingkai Li ◽  
Guangmei Men ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
T2 Mapping ◽  
Cartilage Degeneration ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Lesion Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Resonance Imaging

Abstract Objective To investigate the relationship between quantitative analysis of MRI (T2-mapping) and the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-1, MMP-3) in osteoarthritis of the knee joint and the role of MMP-1,3 in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. Methods Thirty cases of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients with total knee arthroplasty (TKA) (lesion group) and 30 healthy adult volunteers (control group) were scanned with 1.5 T routine MR and T2-mapping, and their T2 values were measured and statistically analyzed. The pathological examination of the knee cartilage that was replaced during the operation and the immunohistochemical assay were used to measure the expression of MMP-1,3. The correlation between the T2 value of magnetic resonance imaging and the expression of MMP-1,3 was analyzed. Results (1) According to the Recht grading standard for magnetic resonance, the T2 value of magnetic resonance increased significantly with the increase of cartilage degeneration. The differences in T2 values between each level and the normal group were statistically significant (P  < 0.05). (2) The T2 value of magnetic resonance imaging increased with the severity of the cartilage degeneration pathological Mankin grading, and the difference was statistically significant (P  <  0.05). (3) The expression of MMP-1,3 increased with cartilage degeneration. (4) The T2 value and the expression of MMP-1 in cartilage showed a linear trend. The result of Spearman correlation analysis showed that the expression of MMP-1,3 increased as the cartilage T2 value increased. There was a positive linear correlation between the two. Conclusion The T2 value of magnetic resonance increased with the degeneration of KOA cartilage. The expression of MMP-1,3 increased with the severity of articular cartilage destruction. The T2 value of KOA magnetic resonance was positively correlated with the expression of MMP-1,3.

scholarly journals Sucrose Permeability: A Simple Non-Invasive Marker of Gastro-Duodenal Damage in Dyspepsia

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Tapan Kumar Saha Kumar Saha ◽  
Arabinda Mohan Bhattarai ◽  
Manushree Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Duodenal Ulcer ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Mucosal Damage ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Permeability Test ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Endoscopic Findings ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Diagnosis of gastro-duodenal mucosal damage usually requires endoscopy, an invasive procedure. An attempt has been made to assess the clinical validity of sucrose permeability test as a non-invasive marker of gastro-duodenal damage.Methods: The test was carried out in 65 patients of dyspepsia evaluated by endoscopy and 21 healthy controls. On endoscopy, gastro-duodenal epithelial damage was assessed in all patients of dyspepsia and grouped as: group 1 (normal gastro-duodenal mucosa, n=18), group 2 (Gastric ulcer, n=15), group 3 (Duodenal ulcer, n=10), group 4 (Gastritis, n=12) and group 5 (Duodenitis, n=10).Results: The mean urinary sucrose excretions (mg) in 5 hours after 100g oral load was found to be significantly higher in patients of gastric ulcers (183.6 ±169.7, p value < 0.001), duodenal ulcers (151.7± 79.2, p value <0.001), gastritis (115.6±59.2, p value <0.001) and duodenitis (105.2± 122.2, p value <0.05) as compared to controls (35.2±17.2). However, the mean sucrose excretion in patients of dyspepsia with normal endoscopic findings (42.5±14.8 mg) was almost similar to the control group (p value >0.05). A ROC curve analysis taking endoscopic findings as gold standard was undertaken to find the optimum cut-off to detect gastro-duodenal epithelial damage.Conclusions: The cut-off value of 64.5 mg/5h for urinary sucrose excretion provided the best sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of both surgical (gastric and duodenal ulcer) and non-surgical (gastritis and duodenitis) gastro-duodenal mucosal damage. At this cutoff sucrose permeability test provided a sensitivity of 72 % and specificity of 92%. Similarly, a cut-off value of 66.5 mg/5h of urinary sucrose excretion provided the best sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of surgical gastro-duodenal mucosal damage with sensitivity of 72% and specificity of 97%. 

scholarly journals Recent advances in cardiac magnetic resonance

F1000Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 2253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Greulich ◽  
Andrew E. Arai ◽  
Udo Sechtem ◽  
Heiko Mahrholdt
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Tissue Characterization ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
T2 Mapping ◽  
Diffuse Fibrosis ◽  
Myocardial Tissue ◽  
Clinical Tool ◽  
Clinical Routine ◽  
Non Invasive

Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is a non-invasive imaging modality that has rapidly emerged during the last few years and has become a valuable, well-established clinical tool. Beside the evaluation of anatomy and function, CMR has its strengths in providing detailed non-invasive myocardial tissue characterization, for which it is considered the current diagnostic gold standard. Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), with its capability to detect necrosis and to separate ischemic from non-ischemic cardiomyopathies by distinct LGE patterns, offers unique clinical possibilities. The presence of LGE has also proven to be a good predictor of an adverse outcome in various studies. T2-weighted (T2w) images, which are supposed to identify areas of edema and inflammation, are another CMR approach to tissue characterization. However, T2w images have not held their promise owing to several technical limitations and potential physiological concerns. Newer mapping techniques may overcome some of these limitations: they assess quantitatively myocardial tissue properties in absolute terms and show promising results in studies for characterization of diffuse fibrosis (T1 mapping) and/or inflammatory processes (T2 mapping). However, these techniques are still research tools and are not part of the clinical routine yet. T2* CMR has had significant impact in the management of thalassemia because it is possible to image the amount of iron in the heart and the liver, improving both diagnostic imaging and the management of patients with thalassemia. CMR findings frequently have clinical impact on further patient management, and CMR seems to be cost effective in the clinical routine.

scholarly journals Magnetic resonance imaging for non-invasive clinical evaluation of normal and regenerated cartilage

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian Xu ◽  
Jingming Gao ◽  
Shuyun Liu ◽  
Liang Chen ◽  
Min Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
T2 Mapping ◽  
Mri Imaging ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Biomaterial Scaffold ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract With the development of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, it is much desired to establish bioimaging techniques to monitor the real-time regeneration efficacy in vivo in a non-invasive way. Herein, we tried magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to evaluate knee cartilage regeneration after implanting a biomaterial scaffold seeded with chondrocytes, namely, matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation (MACI). After summary of the T2 mapping and the T1-related delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC) in vitro and in vivo in the literature, these two MRI techniques were tried clinically. In this study, 18 patients were followed up for 1 year. It was found that there was a significant difference between the regeneration site and the neighboring normal site (control), and the difference gradually diminished with regeneration time up to 1 year according to both the quantitative T1 and T2 MRI methods. We further established the correlation between the quantitative evaluation of MRI and the clinical Lysholm scores for the first time. Hence, the MRI technique was confirmed to be a feasible semi-quantitative yet non-invasive way to evaluate the in vivo regeneration of knee articular cartilage.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Plasma MMP-9 and VEGF-A mRNAs as Non-invasive Diagnostic Biomarkers in Women with Endometriosis

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sepideh Abdollahi ◽  
Pantea Izadi ◽  
Shahla Noori Ardebili ◽  
Samaneh Chegeni ◽  
Mir Saead Yekaninejad
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Level ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarker ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Endometriosis is one of the common gynecological diseases and can lead to pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, and infertility in women. Thus, accurate and early diagnosis is a pivotal issue and an essential need for managing this disorder. At the present, the gold standard diagnostic method for endometriosis is laparoscopic surgery that is an invasive method and can lead to delay in diagnosis. Thus, there is an immediate necessity to search for non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers, such as blood-based ones. Objectives: Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) have essential roles in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the plasma mRNA levels of MMP-9 and VEGF-A, as potential non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers for endometriosis. Methods: This study included 48 women (24 cases and 24 controls) who underwent laparoscopy for suspected endometriosis. Preoperative plasma samples were collected, and after RNA extraction, the levels of MMP-9 and VEGF-A mRNAs were determined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Results: Plasma MMP-9 mRNA level was statistically higher in endometriosis patients compared with the control group (P value = 0.01). However, plasma VEGF-A mRNA level did not show a significant difference between the two groups (P value =0.5). Conclusions: It seems that the plasma level of MMP-9 mRNA in endometriosis patients is significantly higher than in non-endometriosis women. This finding can provide new insights regarding this mRNA’s applicability as a non-invasive diagnostic biomarker for discovering new cases of endometriosis (newly diagnosed). According to our results, despite the suggested role of VEGF-A in endometriosis pathogenesis, it seems that the plasma level of VEGF-A mRNA does not have the potential to be used as a non-invasive diagnostic biomarker.

scholarly journals Sucrose permeability: A simple non-invasive marker of gastro-duodenal damage in patients of dyspepsia

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arabinda Mohan Bhattarai ◽  
Tapan Kumar Saha
Keyword(s):  
Duodenal Ulcer ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Mucosal Damage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Permeability Test ◽  
Epithelial Damage ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Endoscopic Findings ◽  
The Mean

<p><strong>Introduction</strong>: Diagnosis of gastro-duodenal mucosal damage usually requires endoscopy, an invasive procedure. An attempt has been made to assess the clinical validity of sucrose permeability test as a non-invasive marker of gastro-duodenal damage.</p> <p><strong>Materials and Methods</strong>: The test was carried out in 65 patients of dyspepsia evaluated by endoscopy and 21 healthy controls. On endoscopy, gastro-duodenal epithelial damage was assessed in all patients of dyspepsia and grouped as: group 1 (normal gastro-duodenal mucosa, n=18), group 2 (Gastric ulcer, n=15), group 3 (Duodenal ulcer, n=10), group 4 (Gastritis, n=12) and group 5 (Duodenitis, n=10).</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>: The mean urinary sucrose excretions (mg) in 5 hours after 100g oral load was found to be significantly higher in patients of gastric ulcers (183.6 &plusmn;169.7, p value &lt; 0.001), duodenal ulcers (151.7&plusmn; 79.2, p value &lt;0.001), gastritis (115.6&plusmn;59.2, p value &lt;0.001) and duodenitis (105.2&plusmn; 122.2, p value &lt;0.05) as compared to controls (35.2&plusmn;17.2). However, the mean sucrose excretion in patients of dyspepsia with normal endoscopic findings (42.5&plusmn;14.8 mg) was almost similar to the control group (p value &gt;0.05). A ROC curve analysis taking endoscopic findings as gold standard was undertaken to find the optimum cut-off to detect gastro-duodenal epithelial damage.</p> <strong>Conclusion</strong>: The cut-off value of 64.5 mg/5h for urinary sucrose excretion provided the best sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of both surgical (gastric and duodenal ulcer) and non-surgical (gastritis and duodenitis) gastro-duodenal mucosal damage. At this cutoff sucrose permeability test provided a sensitivity of 72 % and specificity of 92%. Similarly, a cut-off value of 66.5 mg/5h of urinary sucrose excretion provided the best sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of surgical gastro-duodenal mucosal damage with sensitivity of 72% and specificity of 97%.

Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging of chronic kidney disease: an experimental in vivo study using rat chronic kidney disease models

2021 ◽  
pp. 028418512110651
Author(s):  
Sang Youn Kim ◽  
Hyeonjin Kim ◽  
Joongyub Lee ◽  
Sung Il Jung ◽  
Min Hoan Moon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
T2 Mapping ◽  
Quantitative Mri ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Quantitative Mr ◽  
T1 Rho

Background Recent advances in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may allow it to be an alternative emerging tool for the non-invasive evaluation of renal parenchymal disease. Purpose To validate the usefulness of quantitative multiparametric MRI protocols and suggest the suitable quantitative MR sequence protocol to evaluate parenchymal fibrosis using an animal model of chronic kidney disease (CKD) by long-term adenine intake. Material and Methods In this prospective animal study, 16 male Wistar rats were analyzed and categorized into three groups. Rats in the CKD groups underwent 0.25% adenine administration for three or six weeks. Quantitative MRI protocols, including diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), T1ρ (T1 rho), and T2* mapping were performed using a 9.4-T animal MR scanner. A semi-quantitative histopathologic analysis for renal fibrosis was conducted. Quantitative MR values measured from anatomic regions of kidneys underwent intergroup comparative analyses. Results The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and T1 (T1 rho) values were significantly increased in all CKD groups. Values measured from the cortex and outer medulla showed significant intergroup differences. Total ADC values tended to increase according to periods, and T1ρ values increased in three weeks and decreased in six weeks. Conclusion Quantitative MRI protocols could be a non-invasive assessment modality in the diagnosis and evaluation of CKD. Particularly, T1ρ may be a suitable MR sequence to quantitatively assess renal parenchymal fibrosis.

Investigations of a novel diagnostic technology for colorectal cancer.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 564-564
Author(s):  
Hongmei Tao ◽  
Xuedong Du ◽  
Shijin Ding ◽  
Xing Tang ◽  
Da Lou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Cancer Group ◽  
Diagnostic Technology

564 Background: Currently endoscopy examination takes an important role in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer, and there are no other clinically viable non-invasive diagnostic methods. In this investigation, a newly developed, novel IVD cancer diagnostic technology named Cancer Differentiation Analysis (CDA) Technology was investigated for colorectal cancer diagnosis. CDA is a new technology using multi-level and multi-parameter information which measures information relating to both protein fragments and cellular signals in blood samples in one single test. Methods: Peripheral blood was drawn in EDTA tubes for CDA tests. Intravenous blood samples from individuals with colorectal cancer (n = 193), as well as control samples (n = 705) were collected. Cancer group has been clinically diagnosed, and individuals in control group have been confirmed by physical examinations free of cancer. All blood samples were tested using a CDA device, and collected data were analyzed in the SPSS Packages. Results: Data analysis (using T test) showed a significant statistical difference with P value < 0.05 between colorectal cancer group and control group. Details of CDA test results were given in Table 1. Based on initial data, the area under curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity of CDA technology for colorectal cancer were determined to be 0.861, 76.7% and 76.7% (cut-off value was set at a level at which sensitivity and specificity are comparable), respectively. Conclusions: CDA technology is able to statistically distinguish control group from colorectal cancer group with reasonably high sensitivity and specificity (both above 75%). As a non-invasive and potentially cost effective method capable of large population screening, CDA technology could be a very promising approach for the screening and diagnosis of colorectal cancer. [Table: see text]

Non-invasive detection of apoptosis using magnetic resonance imaging and a targeted contrast agent

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 1241-1244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Zhao ◽  
Daniel A. Beauregard ◽  
Louiza Loizou ◽  
Bazbek Davletov ◽  
Kevin M. Brindle
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Targeted Contrast Agent

scholarly journals Diagnostic value of cardiovascular magnetic resonance in comparison to endomyocardial biopsy in cardiac amyloidosis: a multi-centre study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grigorios Chatzantonis ◽  
Michael Bietenbeck ◽  
Ahmed Elsanhoury ◽  
Carsten Tschöpe ◽  
Burkert Pieske ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Cardiac Amyloidosis ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multi Centre Study ◽  
Monoclonal Protein ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Amyloid Deposits

Abstract Background Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) is an infiltrative disease characterised by accumulation of amyloid deposits in the extracellular space of the myocardium—comprising transthyretin (ATTR) and light chain (AL) amyloidosis as the most frequent subtypes. Histopathological proof of amyloid deposits by endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) is the gold standard for diagnosis of CA. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) allows non-invasive workup of suspected CA. We conducted a multi-centre study to assess the diagnostic value of CMR in comparison to EMB for the diagnosis of CA. Methods We studied N = 160 patients characterised by symptoms of heart failure and presence of left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy of unknown origin who presented to specialised cardiomyopathy centres in Germany and underwent further diagnostic workup by both CMR and EMB. If CA was diagnosed, additional subtyping based on EMB specimens and monoclonal protein studies in serum was performed. The CMR protocol comprised cine- and late-gadolinium-enhancement (LGE)-imaging as well as native and post-contrast T1-mapping (in a subgroup)—allowing to measure extracellular volume fraction (ECV) of the myocardium. Results An EMB-based diagnosis of CA was made in N = 120 patients (CA group) whereas N = 40 patients demonstrated other diagnoses (CONTROL group). In the CA group, N = 114 (95%) patients showed a characteristic pattern of LGE indicative of CA. In the CONTROL group, only 1/40 (2%) patient showed a “false-positive” LGE pattern suggestive of CA. In the CA group, there was no patient with elevated T1-/ECV-values without a characteristic pattern of LGE indicative of CA. LGE-CMR showed a sensitivity of 95% and a specificity of 98% for the diagnosis of CA. The combination of a characteristic LGE pattern indicating CA with unremarkable monoclonal protein studies resulted in the diagnosis of ATTR-CA (confirmed by EMB) with a specificity of 98% [95%-confidence interval (CI) 92–100%] and a positive predictive value (PPV) of 99% (95%-CI 92–100%), respectively. The EMB-associated risk of complications was 3.13% in this study—without any detrimental or persistent complications. Conclusion Non-invasive CMR shows an excellent diagnostic accuracy and yield regarding CA. When combined with monoclonal protein studies, CMR can differentiate ATTR from AL with high accuracy and predictive value. However, invasive EMB remains a safe invasive gold-standard and allows to differentiate CA from other cardiomyopathies that can also cause LV hypertrophy.

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