scholarly journals Association between leucocyte telomere length and cardiovascular disease in a large general population in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Xu ◽  
Zhiqi Wang ◽  
Xiaoqi Su ◽  
Min Da ◽  
Zhaocong Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
General Population ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Serum Cotinine ◽  
Normal White Blood Cell

AbstractLeucocyte telomere length (LTL) has been reported to be linked to ageing, cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed to explore the association between LTL and CVD risk in a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults. Complex associations, including nonlinearity and interaction, were also examined. A total of 7,378 subjects from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2002 were collected. Telomere length was detected from DNA samples and expressed as the mean T/S ratio (telomere repeats per single-copy gene). We performed multiple logistic regression models and interactive analysis to explore the associations between LTL and CVD risk by adjusting for potential confounders. We also performed a sensitivity analysis to investigate the robustness of our results. Among all participants, LTL was associated with the risk of CVD (OR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.63~0.98, P = 0.033) in a linear manner rather than in a nonlinear manner (P = 0.874). Interaction effects of LTL with both education (P = 0.017) and hypertension (P = 0.007) were observed. Furthermore, using subgroup analyses, protective effects of LTL on CVD risk were found in females and in individuals who were college graduates or above, had serum cotinine >10 ng/ml, did not have hypertension, or had normal white blood cell levels. LTL is linearly inversely associated with CVD risk in the general population of the United States.

Prevention of Premature Mortality Among Patients with Schizophrenia: The Need for Primary Prevention Efforts in Cardiovascular Disease

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (S10) ◽  
pp. 9-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles H. Hennekens
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
General Population ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Average Life ◽  
Average Life Expectancy ◽  
United States Today

Patients with schizophrenia have a markedly reduced lifespan compared with the general population. In the United States today, patients with schizophrenia have an average life expectancy of ∼61 years, about 20% lower than that of the general population, in which life expectancy is ∼76 years.

Considering Wellness in Managing Patients with Bipolar Disorder

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (S10) ◽  
pp. 7-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger S. McIntyre
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
General Population ◽  
Excess Mortality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Elevated Risk ◽  
Medical Comorbidity ◽  
Common Cause

The 12-month and lifetime prevalences of bipolar I and II disorder in the United States are 2.0% and 3.3%, respectively. Similar to schizophrenia, bipolar disorder is also associated with premature and excess mortality, with an estimated loss of ∼15 years of life expectancy. Most of the excess mortality in individuals with mood disorders results from natural causes, not suicide. Again, similar to schizophrenia, the most common cause of death in patients with bipolar disorder is cardiovascular disease (CVD), which occurs approximately twice as often in this group as in the general population. Although the data are more limited than in schizophrenia, people with bipolar disorder are differentially affected by medical comorbidity. Bipolar disorder is associated with elevated risk of a wide variety of comorbid medical illnesses, including migraine, asthma, chronic bronchitis, hypertension, and gastric ulcer, which compound disability and increase the burden of the disease.

Abstract 613: Cardiovascular Disease Prevalence and Risk Factors in Japanese and American Populations

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroaki Ikezaki ◽  
Masumi Ai ◽  
Ernst Schaefer ◽  
Seiko Otokozawa ◽  
Bela Asztalos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
The United States ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Men And Women

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence is known to be lower in Japan than in the United States. In this international cohort-comparative study, we compared CVD prevalence rates and risk factors in Fukuoka, Japan and in Framingham, United States. Using plasma samples obtained after an overnight fast from men and women in Fukuoka (n=1108) and age (median, 53 years), gender and menopausal status matched subjects in Framingham (n=1101), we measured plasma glucose, insulin, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), small dense LDL-C (sdLDL-C), and triglycerides. Blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), use of medications, and history of CVD were also assessed. CVD prevalence rates were 2.1% and 1.0%, respectively, in Fukuoka men and women, and were more than 6 folder higher (both P<0.001) at 13.2% and 8.6%, respectively, in Framingham men and women. Median BMI, LDL-C, insulin levels and insulin resistance in men and women in Fukuoka were all significantly (P<0.01) lower than those in their Framingham counterparts. However the diabetes prevalence in Fukuoka men was significantly (P<0.01) higher than that observed in Framingham men, while female rates were similar, as were levels of systolic blood pressure. Smoking rates were lower in Fukuoka women, but were higher in Fukuoka men as compared to their Framingham counterparts. HDL-C and surprisingly sdLDL-C levels were significantly (P<0.001) higher in Fukuoka subjects than in Framingham subjects. Based on the results, the estimated 10 year risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, using the new American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association risk calculator, were 6.9% and 2.3%, respectively, for Framingham men and women, while these values for Fukuoka men and women were 7.4% and 1.7%, respectively. Only the risk estimates in women were significantly different (P<0.001). Our data are consistent with prior studies indicating that CVD prevalence rates in Japan are lower than those in the United States, and that CVD risk algorithms for the United States markedly overestimate CVD risk in Japan. The markedly lower levels of insulin and insulin resistance in Japanese subjects may account for some of the population differences in CVD prevalence and risk.

scholarly journals Hot Flashes and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Indices Among Women With HIV

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mabel Toribio ◽  
Evelynne S Fulda ◽  
Sarah M Chu ◽  
Zsofia D Drobni ◽  
Magid Awadalla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
General Population ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Hot Flashes ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Hot Flash ◽  
Risk Indices ◽  
Women With Hiv

Abstract Women with HIV (WWH) transitioning through menopause have heightened cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. In the general population, hot flash burden relates to CVD risk indices. We found higher hot flash burden among women with vs without HIV. Further, among WWH, hot flash burden related to select CVD risk indices. ClinicalTrials.gov Registration NCT02874703.

scholarly journals Mathematical pattern of Kessler psychological distress distribution in the general population of the U.S. and Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinichiro Tomitaka ◽  
Toshiaki A. Furukawa
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
General Population ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Quadratic Function ◽  
The United States ◽  
Depression Screening ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Epidemiological Surveys ◽  
Screening Scale

Abstract Background Although the 6-item Kessler psychological scale (K6) is a useful depression screening scale in clinical settings and epidemiological surveys, little is known about the distribution model of the K6 score in the general population. Using four major national survey datasets from the United States and Japan, we explored the mathematical pattern of the K6 distributions in the general population. Methods We analyzed four datasets from the National Health Interview Survey, the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, and the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System in the United States, and the Comprehensive Survey of Living Conditions in Japan. We compared the goodness of fit between three models: exponential, power law, and quadratic function models. Graphical and regression analyses were employed to investigate the mathematical patterns of the K6 distributions. Results The exponential function had the best fit among the three models. The K6 distributions exhibited an exponential pattern, except for the lower end of the distribution across the four surveys. The rate parameter of the K6 distributions was similar across all surveys. Conclusions Our results suggest that, regardless of different sample populations and methodologies, the K6 scores exhibit a common mathematical distribution in the general population. Our findings will contribute to the development of the distribution model for such a depression screening scale.

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