scholarly journals Neonicotinoids disrupt circadian rhythms and sleep in honey bees

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael C. Tackenberg ◽  
Manuel A. Giannoni-Guzmán ◽  
Erik Sanchez-Perez ◽  
Caleb A. Doll ◽  
José L. Agosto-Rivera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Nicotinic Cholinergic Receptors ◽  
Cholinergic Signaling ◽  
Neonicotinoid Pesticides ◽  
Circadian Behavior ◽  
Light Input

Abstract Honey bees are critical pollinators in ecosystems and agriculture, but their numbers have significantly declined. Declines in pollinator populations are thought to be due to multiple factors including habitat loss, climate change, increased vulnerability to disease and parasites, and pesticide use. Neonicotinoid pesticides are agonists of insect nicotinic cholinergic receptors, and sub-lethal exposures are linked to reduced honey bee hive survival. Honey bees are highly dependent on circadian clocks to regulate critical behaviors, such as foraging orientation and navigation, time-memory for food sources, sleep, and learning/memory processes. Because circadian clock neurons in insects receive light input through cholinergic signaling we tested for effects of neonicotinoids on honey bee circadian rhythms and sleep. Neonicotinoid ingestion by feeding over several days results in neonicotinoid accumulation in the bee brain, disrupts circadian rhythmicity in many individual bees, shifts the timing of behavioral circadian rhythms in bees that remain rhythmic, and impairs sleep. Neonicotinoids and light input act synergistically to disrupt bee circadian behavior, and neonicotinoids directly stimulate wake-promoting clock neurons in the fruit fly brain. Neonicotinoids disrupt honey bee circadian rhythms and sleep, likely by aberrant stimulation of clock neurons, to potentially impair honey bee navigation, time-memory, and social communication.

scholarly journals Neonicotinoids Disrupt Circadian Rhythms and Sleep in Honey Bees

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael C. Tackenberg ◽  
Manuel A. Giannoni-Guzmán ◽  
Caleb A. Doll ◽  
José L. Agosto-Rivera ◽  
Kendal Broadie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Nicotinic Cholinergic Receptors ◽  
Cholinergic Signaling ◽  
Neonicotinoid Pesticides ◽  
Circadian Behavior ◽  
Light Input

AbstractHoney bees are critical pollinators in ecosystems and agriculture, but their numbers have significantly declined. Declines in pollinator populations are thought to be due to multiple factors including habitat loss, climate change, increased vulnerability to disease and parasites, and pesticide use. Neonicotinoid pesticides are agonists of insect nicotinic cholinergic receptors, and sub-lethal exposures are linked to reduced honey bee hive survival. Honey bees are highly dependent on circadian clocks to regulate critical behaviors, such as foraging orientation and navigation, time-memory for food sources, sleep, and learning/ memory processes. Because circadian clock neurons in insects receive light input through cholinergic signaling we tested for effects of neonicotinoids on honey bee circadian rhythms and sleep. Neonicotinoid ingestion by feeding over several days results in neonicotinoid accumulation in the bee brain, disrupts circadian rhythmicity in many individual bees, shifts the timing of behavioral circadian rhythms in bees that remain rhythmic, and impairs sleep. Neonicotinoids and light input act synergistically to disrupt bee circadian behavior, and neonicotinoids directly stimulate wake-promoting clock neurons in the fruit fly brain. Neonicotinoids disrupt honey bee circadian rhythms and sleep, likely by aberrant stimulation of clock neurons, to potentially impair honey bee navigation, time-memory, and social communication.

scholarly journals Impacts of Diverse Natural Products on Honey Bee Viral Loads and Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 10732
Author(s):  
Dawn L. Boncristiani ◽  
James P. Tauber ◽  
Evan C. Palmer-Young ◽  
Lianfei Cao ◽  
William Collins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Deformed Wing Virus ◽  
Bee Health ◽  
Honey Bee Health ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Bee Disease

Western honey bees (Apis mellifera), a cornerstone to crop pollination in the U.S., are faced with an onslaught of challenges from diseases caused by parasites, pathogens, and pests that affect this economically valuable pollinator. Natural products (NPs), produced by living organisms, including plants and microorganisms, can support health and combat disease in animals. NPs include both native extracts and individual compounds that can reduce disease impacts by supporting immunity or directly inhibiting pathogens, pests, and parasites. Herein, we describe the screening of NPs in laboratory cage studies for their effects on honey bee disease prevention and control. Depending on the expected activity of compounds, we measured varied responses, including viral levels, honey bee immune responses, and symbiotic bacteria loads. Of the NPs screened, several compounds demonstrated beneficial activities in honey bees by reducing levels of the critical honey bee virus deformed wing virus (DWV-A and-B), positively impacting the gut microbiome or stimulating honey bee immune responses. Investigations of the medicinal properties of NPs in honey bees will contribute to a better understanding of their potential to support honey bee immunity to fight off pests and pathogens and promote increased overall honey bee health. These investigations will also shed light on the ecological interactions between pollinators and specific floral food sources.

scholarly journals The Role of Colony Temperature in the Entrainment of Circadian Rhythms of Honey Bee Foragers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel A. Giannoni-Guzmán ◽  
Emmanuel Rivera ◽  
Janpierre Aleman-Rios ◽  
Alexander M. Melendez Moreno ◽  
Melina Perez Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Temperature Oscillation ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Temperature Cycle ◽  
Large Individual ◽  
Endogenous Rhythms ◽  
Honey Bee Foragers

AbstractHoney bees utilize their circadian rhythms to accurately predict the time of day. This ability allows foragers to remember the specific timing of food availability and its location for several days. Previous studies have provided strong evidence toward light/dark cycles being the primary Zeitgeber for honey bees. Recent work in our laboratory described large individual variation in the endogenous period length of honey bee foragers from the same colony and differences in the endogenous rhythms under different constant temperatures. In this study, we further this work by examining temperature inside the honey bee colony. By placing temperature and light data loggers at different locations inside the colony we uncovered that temperature oscillates with a 24-hour period at the periphery of the colony. We then simulated this temperature oscillation in the laboratory and found that using the temperature cycle as a Zeitgeber, foragers present large individual differences in the phase of locomotor rhythms with respect to temperature. Moreover, foragers successfully entrain to these simulated temperature cycles and advancing the cycle by six hours, resulted in changes in the phase of locomotor activity for the most foragers in the assay. The results shown in this study highlight the importance of temperature as a potential Zeitgeber in the field. Future studies will examine the possible functional and evolutionary role of the observed phase differences of circadian rhythms.

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN SUMBER PAKAN DAN STRATEGI PEMBERIAN PAKAN Apis cerana DENGAN APIDAE LAINNYA: A REVIEW.

Bio-Lectura ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Rhavy Ferdyan ◽  
Ramadhan Sumarmin ◽  
Dwi Hilda Putri
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Apis Cerana ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Feeding Strategies ◽  
Main Food ◽  
Forage Plants

Apis cerana, which is often known as honey bee, has spread from Afghanistan, China, Japan, to Indonesia. This distribution cannot be separated from Apis cerana's ability to survive by needing food. Pollen and nectar are the main food sources for Apis cerana in maintaining life. Apis cerana is widely cultivated by the community with its potential. This article aims to describe in more detail about the forage plants from Apis cerana and how the feeding strategies of honey bees were assembled from several studies in various regions, both in Indonesia and outside Indonesia as well as comparing these daily activities with other Apidae. The discussion is focused on the comparative analysis of the daily activities of Apis cerana with other Apidae to see the uniqueness of Apis cerana which is a factor in the number of bees being cultivated.

Distance estimation by Asian honey bees in two visually different landscapes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebi Antony George ◽  
Neethu Thulasi ◽  
Patrick L. Kohl ◽  
Sachin Suresh ◽  
Benjamin Rutschmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Distance Estimation ◽  
Image Motion ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Phase Duration ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Sparse Vegetation ◽  
Visual Contrast

Honey bees estimate distances to food sources using image motion experienced on the flight path and they use this measure to tune the waggle phase duration in their dance communication. Most studies on the dance-related odometer are based on experiments with Apis mellifera foragers trained into small tunnels with black and white patterns which allowed quantifiable changes in the optic flow. In this study, we determined the calibration curves of two Asian honey bee species, A. florea and A. cerana, in two different natural environments with clear differences in the vegetation conditions and hence visual contrast. We found that the dense vegetation condition (with higher contrast) elicited a more rapid increase in the waggle phase duration with distance than the sparse vegetation in A. florea but not in A. cerana. Our findings suggest that contrast sensitivity of the waggle dance odometer might vary among honey bee species.

Trapping of feral honey bee workers (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in a coastal prairie landscape: effects of season and vegetation type

2006 ◽  
Vol 138 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen A. Baum ◽  
William L. Rubink ◽  
Robert N. Coulson
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Food Resource ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Vegetation Communities ◽  
Live Oak ◽  
Honey Bee Workers ◽  
Capture Rates

AbstractWe examined capture rates of honey bee workers (Apis mellifera L.) throughout the year and compared capture rates among four different vegetation communities. Capture rates varied throughout the year, with the largest number of bees collected from December through February, when nectar and pollen availability were low. Capture rates also varied among vegetation communities. Traps located in the woodland community contained fewer honey bees than those located in live oak in February and live oak and brushland in December, corresponding to lower estimates of nectar availability in the woodland. Few honey bees were collected during swarming periods, suggesting that most of the captured honey bees were searching for food sources. The number of honey bees collected in the traps provided a qualitative estimate of food resource availability. The traps also may be used to collect insects for genetic analysis or to examine the spatial and temporal distribution of other species.

Colony Volatiles and Substrate-borne Vibrations Entrain Circadian Rhythms and Are Potential Cues Mediating Social Synchronization in Honey Bee Colonies

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-256
Author(s):  
Oliver Siehler ◽  
Guy Bloch
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Animal Behavior ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Size Control ◽  
Phase Coherence ◽  
Social Time ◽  
Individual Cage ◽  
External Time ◽  
Bee Colonies

Internal circadian clocks organize animal behavior and physiology and are entrained by ecologically relevant external time-givers such as light and temperature cycles. In the highly social honey bee, social time-givers are potent and can override photic entrainment, but the cues mediating social entrainment are unknown. Here, we tested whether substrate-borne vibrations and hive volatiles can mediate social synchronization in honey bees. We first placed newly emerged worker bees on the same or on a different substrate on which we placed cages with foragers entrained to ambient day-night cycles, while minimizing the spread of volatiles between cages. In the second experiment, we exposed young bees to constant airflow drawn from either a free-foraging colony or a similar-size control hive containing only heated empty honeycombs, while minimizing transfer of substrate-borne vibrations between cages. After 6 days, we isolated each focal bee in an individual cage in an environmental chamber and monitored her locomotor activity. We repeated each experiment 5 times, each trial with bees from a different source colony, monitoring a total of more than 1000 bees representing diverse genotypes. We found that bees placed on the same substrate as foragers showed a stronger phase coherence and a phase more similar to that of foragers compared with bees placed on a different substrate. In the second experiment, bees exposed to air drawn from a colony showed a stronger phase coherence and a phase more similar to that of foragers compared with bees exposed to air from an empty hive. These findings lend credence to the hypothesis that surrogates of activity entrain circadian rhythms and suggest that multiple social cues can act in concert to entrain social insect colonies to a common phase.

scholarly journals Iron-containing cells in the honey-bee (Apis mellifera). II. accumulation during development

1986 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 389-401
Author(s):  
D. A. Kuterbach ◽  
B. Walcott
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Iron Homeostasis ◽  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Honey Bee Workers

The development of iron granules in honey-bee tissues was investigated using both anatomical and analytical methods. Iron granules are present only in the trophocytes of post-eclosion adults and have the same elemental composition as those in foraging adults. The granules increase in both size and number during ageing. Iron levels in developing worker honey-bees were measured by proton-induced X-ray emission spectroscopy. The rate of iron accumulation was directly related to iron levels in the diet, and the iron can be obtained from pollen and honey, both major food sources of the bee. In adults, the iron content of the fat body reached a maximum level (2.4 +/− 0.15 micrograms mg-1 tissue), regardless of the amount of iron available for ingestion. Maximal iron levels are reached at the time when honey-bee workers commence foraging behaviour, suggesting that iron granules may play a role in orientation. Alternatively, accumulation of iron in granules may be a method of maintaining iron homeostasis.

Survey of feral honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies for Nosema apis in Western Australia

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob Manning ◽  
Kate Lancaster ◽  
April Rutkay ◽  
Linda Eaton
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Nosema Apis ◽  
The South ◽  
South West ◽  
Feral Populations ◽  
Significant Difference

The parasite, Nosema apis, was found to be widespread among feral populations of honey bees (Apis mellifera) in the south-west of Western Australia. The location, month of collection and whether the feral colony was enclosed in an object or exposed to the environment, all affected the presence and severity of infection. There was no significant difference in the probability of infection between managed and feral bees. However, when infected by N. apis, managed bees appeared to have a greater severity of the infection.

scholarly journals The Honey Bee: An Active Biosampler of Environmental Pollution and a Possible Warning Biomarker for Human Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 6481
Author(s):  
Marianna Martinello ◽  
Chiara Manzinello ◽  
Nicoletta Dainese ◽  
Ilenia Giuliato ◽  
Albino Gallina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Pesticide Pollution ◽  
Tandem Mass Spectrometric ◽  
Active Substances

Member states of the European Union are required to ensure the initiation of monitoring programs to verify honey bee exposure to pesticides, where and as appropriate. Based on 620 samples of dead honey bees—42 of pollen, 183 of honey and 32 of vegetables—we highlighted the presence, as analyzed by liquid and gas chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometric detection, of many active substances, mainly tau-fluvalinate, piperonyl butoxide, chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-methyl, permethrin and imidacloprid. Among the active substances found in analyzed matrices linked to honey bee killing incidents, 38 belong to hazard classes I and II, as methiocarb, methomyl, chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin and permethrin, thus representing a potential risk for human health. We have shown that, at different times between 2015 and 2020, during implementation of the Italian national guidelines for managing reports of bee colony mortality or depopulation associated with pesticide use, pesticide pollution events occurred that could raise concern for human health. Competent authorities could, as part of a One Health approach, exploit the information provided by existing reporting programs on honey bees and their products, in view of the close correlation to human health, animal health and ecosystem health.

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