scholarly journals Alteration of serum amino acid profiles by dietary adenine supplementation inhibits fatty liver development in rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroki Nishi ◽  
Daisuke Yamanaka ◽  
Masato Masuda ◽  
Yuki Goda ◽  
Koichi Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Causative Factor ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Liver Development ◽  
Concentration Data ◽  
Amino Acid Profiles ◽  
Arginine Deficiency ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
Tag Accumulation

AbstractStudies on animal models have demonstrated that feeding a low-arginine diet inhibits triacylglycerol (TAG) secretion from the liver, resulting in marked fatty liver development in rats. Here, we first showed that culturing hepatocytes in the medium mimicking the serum amino acid profile of low-arginine diet-fed rats induced TAG accumulation in the cells, indicating that the specific amino acid profile caused TAG accumulation in hepatocytes. Dietary adenine supplementation completely recovered hepatic TAG secretion and abolished hepatic TAG accumulation in rats. A comprehensive non-linear analysis revealed that inhibition of hepatic TAG accumulation by dietary adenine supplementation could be predicted using only serum amino acid concentration data. Comparison of serum amino acid concentrations indicated that histidine, methionine, and branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) concentrations were altered by adenine supplementation. Furthermore, when the serum amino acid profiles of low-arginine diet-fed rats were altered by modifying methionine or BCAA concentrations in their diets, their hepatic TAG accumulation was abolished. Altogether, these results suggest that an increase in methionine and BCAA levels in the serum in response to dietary arginine deficiency is a key causative factor for hepatic TAG accumulation, and dietary adenine supplementation could disrupt this phenomenon by altering serum amino acid profiles.

scholarly journals Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress, Nitric Oxide and Plasma Amino Acid Profile in Recreational Runners with Vegetarian and Non-Vegetarian Dietary Patterns

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josefine Nebl ◽  
Kathrin Drabert ◽  
Sven Haufe ◽  
Paulina Wasserfurth ◽  
Julian Eigendorf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Stable Isotope Dilution ◽  
Amino Acid Profiles ◽  
Recreational Runners ◽  
Exercise Induced

This study investigated the exercise-induced changes in oxidative stress, nitric oxide (NO) metabolism and amino acid profile in plasma of omnivorous (OMN, n = 25), lacto-ovo-vegetarian (LOV, n = 25) and vegan (VEG, n = 23) recreational runners. Oxidative stress was measured as malondialdehyde (MDA), NO as nitrite and nitrate, and various amino acids, including homoarginine and guanidinoacetate, the precursor of creatine. All analytes were measured by validated stable-isotope dilution gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric methods. Pre-exercise, VEG had the highest MDA and nitrate concentrations, whereas nitrite concentration was highest in LOV. Amino acid profiles differed between the groups, with guanidinoacetate being highest in OMN. Upon acute exercise, MDA increased in the LOV and VEG group, whereas nitrate, nitrite and creatinine did not change. Amino acid profiles changed post-exercise in all groups, with the greatest changes being observed for alanine (+28% in OMN, +21% in LOV and +28% in VEG). Pre-exercise, OMN, LOV and VEG recreational runners differ with respect to oxidative stress, NO metabolism and amino acid profiles, in part due to their different dietary pattern. Exercise elicited different changes in oxidative stress with no changes in NO metabolism and closely comparable elevations in alanine. Guanidinoacetate seems to be differently utilized in OMN, LOV and VEG, pre- and post-exercise.

scholarly journals 131 MODIFICATION OF AMINO ACID CONCENTRATIONS IN MEDIUM BY PIG EMBRYOS FROM THE ZYGOTE TO THE BLASTOCYST STAGE

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 216
Author(s):  
P. Booth ◽  
T. Watson ◽  
H. Leese
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Blastocyst Stage ◽  
Morula Stage ◽  
Amino Acid Profiles ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Amino Acid Concentrations

Pre-implantation embryos can produce and consume amino acids in a manner dependent upon stage of embryonic development (Partridge and Leese 1996 Reprod. Fert. Dev. 8, 945) that may also be predictive of subsequent viability (Houghton et al. 2002 Hum. Reprod. 17, 999). To examine these relationships in the pig, the appearance or depletion of 18 amino acids from a presumptive near-physiological mixture was determined by HPLC in porcine in vitro-produced embryos from the zygote to the blastocyst stage. Cumulus oocyte complexes derived from slaughterhouse prepubertal pig ovaries were matured for 40 h in modified TCM-199 before being fertilized (Day 0) with frozen thawed semen in tris-based medium. After 6 h, presumptive zygotes were denuded and cultured in groups of 20 in NCSU medium modified to contain a physiological mixture of 18 amino acids including 0.1 mM glutamine (NCSUaa). Groups of 2–10 embryos (dependent on stage) were removed on Day 0 (1 cell), Day 1 (2- and 4-cell), Day 4 (compact morula), and Day 6 (blastocyst) and placed in 4 μL NCSUaa for 24 h. After incubation, the embryos were removed and the medium analyzed by HPLC. Each stage was replicated 3–9 times. Since amino acid profiles of 2- and 4-cell embryos were not different, data were combined. Overall, arginine (1.19 ± 0.33), glutamine (0.78 ± 0.34) and threonine (0.05 ± 0.04) were significantly (P < 0.01) depleted from the medium whereas alanine (0.21 ± 0.1), glycine (0.20 ± 0.06), asparagine (0.13 ± 0.5), lysine (0.1 ± 0.03), isoleucine (0.08 ± 0.01), valine (0.05 ± 0.01), leucine (0.04 ± 0.02), phenylalanine (0.03 ± 0.01), and histidine (0.02 ± 0.04) significantly (P < 0.05) accumulated (mean of the 4 sampling timepoints; all values pmol/embryo/h ± SEM). The difference between amino acid accumulation and depletion (balance) was approximately equivalent between Day 0 and the morula stage although turnover (sum of depletion and accumulation) steadily decreased during this period from 3.1 on Day 0 to 1.35 pmol/embryo/h at the morula stage. However, at the blastocyst stage, turnover and balance increased to 6.32 and 2.42 pmol/embryo/h, respectively, i.e. net appearance occurred. Notable changes in amino acid profile during development included decreases in accumulation of asparagine, glutamate, and glycine in the medium and the depletion of glutamine over Days 0, 1, and 4, followed by reversal of these trends by Day 6. These data suggest that pig embryos can alter the accumulation and depletion rates of amino acids in a manner that is dependent on the specific amino acid and the stage of embryonic development. This work was supported by BBSRC.

scholarly journals Bolus ingestion of individual branched-chain amino acids alters plasma amino acid profiles in young healthy men

SpringerPlus ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuya Matsumoto ◽  
Koichi Nakamura ◽  
Hideki Matsumoto ◽  
Ryosei Sakai ◽  
Tomomi Kuwahara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Plasma Amino Acid ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Amino Acid Profiles ◽  
Branched Chain

Branched-chain amino acid profiles indicate cardio metabolic risk independent of body mass index

2016 ◽  
Vol 252 ◽  
pp. e66-e67
Author(s):  
S. Zelzer ◽  
A. Meinitzer ◽  
D. Enko ◽  
G. Almer ◽  
R. Prassl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Profiles ◽  
Branched Chain

scholarly journals Profiles of Amino Acid in Indonesian Neonates

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ina Susianti Timan ◽  
Damayanti Rusli Sjarif ◽  
Merci Monica Pasaribu ◽  
Latifah Anandari
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Amino Acid Level ◽  
Reference Interval ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Amino Acid Concentration ◽  
Indonesian Population ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Amino Acid Profiles ◽  
Adequate Sample Size

Abstract Background: Amino acid profiles in newborns is a sign of its nutritional status and it reflects the protein intake of the mother before and during pregnancy. The amino acid level is also a predictor of improved growth velocity and the only tool for diagnosis of amino acid disorder in suspected individuals. In Indonesia, based on National Basic Health Research year 2018, 48.8% of pregnant mother has anemia and 13% babies were underweight. Determining amino acid profiles is important to differentiate pathologic from normal condition in newborn population. There are only a few reports with adequate sample size on amino acid profiles in newborns from South East Asian Countries and none from the Indonesian population. Methods: This is the first descriptive study in Indonesia newborns population determining the profiles of amino acid concentration from dried blood spot (DBS) sample by liquid chromatography-tandem-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) system. This study used DBS sample obtained from the newborns’ heel pricks, which is easier to store and handle in Indonesia’s landscape. This will allow samples from remote area to be safely transported to referral laboratory. Results: A total of 993 healthy newborns from 25 provinces and districts in Indonesia were included in this study. All samples were stored at -20oC and analyzed within 1 month. The amino acid concentration profile was summarized as 95% reference interval determined using nonparametric method. The result for most amino acid was only slightly different from previously reported reference from various population which was presumably caused by food preference. This study’s result is expected to be implemented in Indonesian population. Conclusions: Determining the amino acid profile in neonates using DBS is dependable. The result from this study is expected to be applied in our center and other referral hospital for inborn error of metabolism screening.

scholarly journals The Influence of Lactobacilli in GABA and Amino Acid Profile of Fermented Mature Coconut Water

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
Izuddin Abdul Rahman ◽  
Mohd Izwan Mohd Lazim ◽  
Suhaiza Mohamad ◽  
Koh Soo Peng ◽  
Muhammad Anas Othaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Viable Bacteria ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Amino Acid Profiles ◽  
Gaba Content

Objective: Mature coconut water (MCW) is a waste product from the coconut milk industry. It is sour and unpalatable, yet it contains sufficient nutrients for microbial growth. Methods: Four Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB), namely L. acidophilus B0258, L. brevis VM1, L. casei B0189, and L. plantarum B0103 were used to ferment MCW over 120 h. Among these LAB strains, only L. casei was capable to grow well with the highest viable bacteria count of 1 x 1011 colony forming unit (cfu)/ml. Although all LAB produced α-aminobutyric acid (GABA) after fermentation, L. acidophilus and L. plantarum produced the highest amount of GABA with the increment of 35.4%±7.9 and 38.9%±1.7, respectively. Other amino acid profiles of fermented MCW were also investigated, but most of them were consumed by the LAB. Both L. acidophilus and L. plantarum utilized the most essential amino acids. Within the first 24 h, GABA content was enhanced in all LAB strains when they were actively growing. Result and Conclusion: This study showed that both L. acidophilus and L. plantarum have great potentials to increase GABA content in MCW. Fermented coconut water can be formulated as a healthy functional drink as GABA is known to have therapeutic value in alleviating stress as reported by past research findings.

scholarly journals Differences in Nutritional Value of Various Fish Products Expressed by the Amino Acid Profiles of their Water-soluble Fractions

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Fish Products ◽  
Water Soluble Fraction ◽  
Edible Tissues ◽  
Amino Acid Profiles ◽  
Branched Chain

The amino acid profiles of the whole water-soluble fraction of some popular fish products (muscle and caviar) have been studied. The pike (Esox lucius) muscle and caviar contain more branched-chain amino acids than all the products being studied including some valuable sturgeon and salmon fish species, and pike muscle also contains the highest amount of phenylalanine and lysine. Pike caviar is also a leader in threonine content. The pike may be considered as one of the most nutritionally valuable fish species, especially if the full amino acid content from the water-soluble fraction of its edible tissues is compared.

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