The association between bowel resection and the risk of nontyphoidal salmonella infection: a nationwide propensity score-matched cohort study

AbstractNontyphoidal salmonella (NTS) infection has a high mortality rate. Bowel resections affect gut microbiota and immune function, and the association between bowel resection and NTS infection in human beings has not been addressed. We conducted a nationwide propensity score (PS)-matched cohort study to clarify this association. Data from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database of Taiwan were used to establish a case-cohort with bowel resections from 2000 to 2013. Informed consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board of China Medical University Hospital (CMUH104-REC2-115) because all personal identifying information used had been de-identified. Each case was matched with one control without any bowel resection according to age, gender, index date, and propensity score (PS). Cumulative incidences of and hazard ratios (HRs) for NTS infection development were analyzed. The incidence of NTS infection was greater in patients with a bowel resection than in the control group (2.97 vs. 1.92 per 10,000 person-years), with an adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of 1.64 (95% CI = 1.08–2.48). The incidence of NTS infection increased significantly for cases with small bowel resections and right hemicolectomies. Age (31–40 and > 50 years), hypertension, chronic kidney disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and autoimmune diseases were significant risk factors of NTS infection. Stratification analysis revealed that patients without comorbidities were prone to NTS infection after bowel resections. The increased risk of developing NTS infection could be related to the bowel resection. Specific age groups and comorbidities also contribute to increased risk of NTS infection.

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Increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis in patients with migraine: a population-based, propensity score-matched cohort study

Rheumatology International ◽

10.1007/s00296-016-3604-2 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 273-279 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Yi-Chia Wang ◽

Ya-Ping Huang ◽

Mei-Ting Wang ◽

Hsin-I Wang ◽

Shin-Liang Pan

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Propensity Score ◽

Population Based ◽

Matched Cohort ◽

Matched Cohort Study ◽

Increased Risk

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Major depressive disorder increased risk of psoriasis: A propensity score matched cohort study

Journal of Affective Disorders ◽

10.1016/j.jad.2020.09.108 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 278 ◽

pp. 407-412 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yi-Hsien Chen ◽

Wei-Ming Wang ◽

I-Hsun Li ◽

Hui-Han Kao ◽

Chin-Bin Yeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Major Depressive Disorder ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Propensity Score ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Matched Cohort ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Matched Cohort Study ◽

Increased Risk

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Impact of intensive care unit admission during handover on mortality: a propensity matched cohort study

10.1101/813279 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Thais Dias Midega ◽

Newton Carlos Viana Leite Filho ◽

Antônio Paulo Nassar ◽

Roger Monteiro Alencar ◽

Antônio Capone Neto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Propensity Score ◽

Hospital Mortality ◽

Propensity Score Matching ◽

Clinical Outcomes ◽

Control Group ◽

Matched Cohort ◽

Single Center ◽

Icu Admission ◽

Matched Cohort Study

AbstractIntroductionHandover is a process of transferring information, responsibility and authority for providing care of critically ill patients from a departing intensivist to an oncoming intensivist. The effect of i admission during a medical handover on clinical outcomes is unknown.ObjectivesOur purpose was to evaluate the impact of ICU admission during a medical handover on clinical outcomes.MethodsPost hoc analysis of a cohort study addressing the effect of ICU admissions during the handover on outcomes. This retrospective, single center, propensity matched cohort study was conducted in a 41-bed open general ICU located in a private tertiary care hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. Based on time of ICU admission, patients were categorized into two cohorts: handover group (ICU admission between 6:30 am to 7:30 or 6:30 pm to 7:30 pm) or control group (admission between 7:31 am to 6:29 pm or 7:31 pm to 6:29 am). Patients in the handover group were propensity matched to patients in the control group at 1:2 ratio. Our primary outcome was hospital mortality.ResultsBetween June 1, 2013 and May 31, 2015, 6,650 adult patients were admitted to the ICU. Following exclusion of ineligible participants, 5,779 patients [389 (6.7%) in handover group and 5390 (93.3%) in control group] were eligible for propensity score matching, of whom 1,166 were successfully matched [389 (33.4%) handover group and 777 (66.6%) in control group]. Before matching, hospital mortality was 14.1% (55/389 patients) in handover group compared to 11.7% (628/5,390) in control group (p=0.142). After propensity-score matching, ICU admission during handover was not associated with increased risk of ICU (OR, 1.40; 95% CI, 0.92 to 2.11; p=0.11) and hospital (OR, 1.23; 95%CI, 0.85 to 1.75; p=0.26) mortality. ICU and hospital length of stay did not differ between the groups.ConclusionIn this propensity-matched single center cohort study, ICU admission during medical handover did not affect clinical outcomes.

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Understanding inequalities in COVID-19 outcomes following hospital admission for people with intellectual disability compared to the general population: a matched cohort study in the UK

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052482 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. e052482

Author(s):

R Asaad Baksh ◽

Sarah E Pape ◽

James Smith ◽

André Strydom

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

General Population ◽

Respiratory Support ◽

Control Group ◽

Matched Cohort ◽

Matched Cohort Study ◽

Presenting Symptoms ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Increased Risk ◽

To Receive

ObjectivesThis study explores the hospital journey of patients with intellectual disabilities (IDs) compared with the general population after admission for COVID-19 during the first wave of the pandemic (when demand on inpatient resources was high) to identify disparities in treatment and outcomes.DesignMatched cohort study; an ID cohort of 506 patients were matched based on age, sex and ethnicity with a control group using a 1:3 ratio to compare outcomes from the International Severe Acute Respiratory and emerging Infections Consortium WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol UK.SettingAdmissions for COVID-19 from UK hospitals; data on symptoms, severity, access to interventions, complications, mortality and length of stay were extracted.InterventionsNon-invasive respiratory support, intubation, tracheostomy, ventilation and admission to intensive care units (ICU).ResultsSubjective presenting symptoms such as loss of taste/smell were less frequently reported in ID patients, whereas indicators of more severe disease such as altered consciousness and seizures were more common. Controls had higher rates of cardiovascular risk factors, asthma, rheumatological disorder and smoking. ID patients were admitted with higher respiratory rates (median=22, range=10–48) and were more likely to require oxygen therapy (35.1% vs 28.9%). Despite this, ID patients were 37% (95% CI 13% to 57%) less likely to receive non-invasive respiratory support, 40% (95% CI 7% to 63%) less likely to receive intubation and 50% (95% CI 30% to 66%) less likely to be admitted to the ICU while in hospital. They had a 56% (95% CI 17% to 102%) increased risk of dying from COVID-19 after they were hospitalised and were dying 1.44 times faster (95% CI 1.13 to 1.84) compared with controls.ConclusionsThere have been significant disparities in healthcare between people with ID and the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic, which may have contributed to excess mortality in this group.

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Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors and Risk of Retinal Vein Occlusion Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Propensity Score–Matched Cohort Study

10.2337/figshare.14824089 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Min-Kyung Lee ◽

Bongsung Kim ◽

Kyungdo Han ◽

Jae-Hyuk Lee ◽

Minhee Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Propensity Score ◽

Retinal Vein Occlusion ◽

Sglt2 Inhibitors ◽

Matched Cohort ◽

Matched Cohort Study ◽

Vein Occlusion ◽

Sodium Glucose Cotransporter ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Subgroup Analyses

OBJECTIVE To assess the association between use of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and retinal vein occlusion (RVO) using data from the National Health Insurance Service in South Korea. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We used an active comparator, new user design and nationwide data from 2014 to 2017. Based on a 1:1 propensity score match, we included 47 369 new users of SGLT2 inhibitors and 47 369 users of other glucose-lowering drugs (oGLD). In the matched sample, we used the Cox proportional hazards model to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for developing RVO. Based on the main outcome, exploratory subgroup analyses were undertaken. RESULTS During the follow-up of 2.57 years, the incidence rate of RVO was 2.19 and 1.79 per 1000 person-years in patients treated with SGLT2 inhibitors and oGLD, respectively. The new use of SGLT2 inhibitors was associated with an increased risk of RVO compared with oGLD use (HR 1.264, 95% CI 1.056–1.513). In the subgroup analyses, a significant interaction with SGLT2 inhibitors was observed for age and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR); the HR for RVO was higher in patients aged ≥ 60 years and those with eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73m2 than in others. CONCLUSIONS In a matched cohort study, we found that SGLT2 inhibitors were associated with a significantly increased risk of RVO. The older patients and those with chronic kidney disease were at higher risk for RVO.

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Acromioplasty rates in patients with shoulder disorders with and without acupuncture treatment: a retrospective propensity score–matched cohort study

Acupuncture in Medicine ◽

10.1177/0964528419895529 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 38 (4) ◽

pp. 255-263

Author(s):

Gujin Yang ◽

Boyoung Jung ◽

Me-riong Kim ◽

Wonil Koh ◽

Namkwen Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Propensity Score ◽

Acupuncture Treatment ◽

Acupuncture Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Matched Cohort ◽

Control Groups ◽

Matched Cohort Study ◽

Shoulder Disorders ◽

And Control

Objective: This retrospective propensity score–matched cohort study aimed to examine the frequency of acromioplasty among patients with shoulder disorders receiving and not receiving acupuncture, based on Korea National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort (NHIS-NSC) data. Methods: We included cases of high-frequency shoulder disorders—adhesive capsulitis, rotator cuff syndrome, shoulder impingement syndrome, and sprain and strain of the shoulder joint—stratified from the Korea NHIS-NSC database between 2002 and 2013; cases were classified into two groups based on a history of acupuncture treatment performed at least twice within 6 weeks (acupuncture group: n = 111,561; control group: n = 71,340). We examined propensity scores and hazard ratios (HRs) for the frequency of acromioplasty, within 2 years of the first treatment or first examination in the acupuncture and control groups, respectively; cumulative survival rates were estimated using Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. Results: Following propensity score matching, no differences were observed between the acupuncture and control groups for variables including sex, age, income and the Charlson comorbidity index. In addition, the incidence rates of acromioplasty within 2 years were lower in the acupuncture group than in the control group (HR 0.264; 95% confidence interval 0.224–0.311). Based on differences in sensitivity analyses for the numbers of acupuncture sessions and treatment duration, the frequency of acromioplasty within 2 years was lower in the acupuncture group than in the control group. Conclusion: This study found that the frequency of acromioplasty was reduced in patients with shoulder disorders who had been treated with acupuncture. Although the findings need to be verified by prospective randomized clinical trials, these results imply that acupuncture may be effective at reducing the incidence rate of shoulder surgery.

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