scholarly journals Effects of physical exercise on macular vessel density and choroidal thickness in children

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shufeng Li ◽  
Yiguo Pan ◽  
Jingjing Xu ◽  
Xue Li ◽  
Daniel P. Spiegel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Choroidal Thickness ◽  
Deep Layer ◽  
Superficial Layer ◽  
Retinal Layer ◽  
Cycling Exercise ◽  
Swept Source ◽  
Choroidal Vessels

AbstractWe used swept-source (SS) optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) to investigate the effects of moderate physical exercise on retinal and choroidal vessel densities (VDs) and thicknesses in children. One eye in each of 40 myopic children (mean age, 11.70 years) and 18 emmetropic children (mean age, 11.06 years) were included. SS-OCT 6 × 6-mm radial scans and SS-OCTA 3 × 3-mm images were centered on the macula. Heart rate (HR), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and intraocular pressure (IOP) were recorded before and immediately after a 20-min stationary cycling exercise and after a 30-min rest. The subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), choroidal thickness (CT), and VD at the superficial and deep retinal layers, choriocapillaris, and deeper choroidal vessels were determined. SFCT and CT were significantly lower at all locations immediately after exercise (p < 0.001) and did not fully recover after rest (p < 0.05). VD was lower in the deep retinal layer after exercise (p = 0.02) and higher in the superficial layer after rest (p = 0.03) in myopic eyes while it was higher in the superficial (p < 0.01) and deep layer (p < 0.01) after rest in emmetropic eyes. No significant exercise-related changes in the superficial retinal VD, choroidal VD, or IOP were observed. ΔCT% and ΔSFCT% were significantly correlated with increases in HR in myopic group (p = 0.04 and p = 0.03, respectively). Exercise increased retinal VD after rest in emmetropic eyes, and caused significant CT thinning that lasted for at least 30 min in both emmetropic and myopic eyes.

scholarly journals Efectos de un programa de entrenamiento presencial vs prescripción a través de una aplicación móvil en personas mayores (Effects of face-to-face training intervention versus mobile application prescription among elderly)

Retos ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 32-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrià Muntaner Mas ◽  
Pere Palou Sampol ◽  
Josep Vidal Conti
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Face To Face

El nivel de condición física es un marcador de salud para las personas mayores. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar y comparar la efectividad de un programa de ejercicio físico, administrado de forma presencial y dirigido versus la prescripción a través de una aplicación móvil. Veintitrés participantes de 55 a73 años fueron incluidos en la intervención de 10 semanas de duración. Los participantes fueron distribuidos en un grupo presencial (n=16) y en un grupo móvil (n=7). El grupo presencial recibió 20 sesiones (70-80 minutos de duración) a razón de dos semanales de actividad física centrada en ejercicio aeróbico y resistencia muscular, el grupo móvil recibió el mismo programa pero los contenidos fueron prescritos a través de una aplicación móvil. Presión arterial media, sistólica, diastólica, frecuencia cardiaca en reposo, porcentaje de masa muscular y grasa corporal, perímetro de cintura, equilibrio, fuerza y capacidad aeróbica fueron evaluados antes y después de la intervención. El grupo presencial obtuvo mejoras en la presión arterial media, sistólica y diastólica, en la frecuencia cardiaca después del test y en la capacidad aeróbica (p< .001, p< .001, p=.001, p=.003, p=.004, respectivamente). No se observaron diferencias significativas en ninguna de las variables en el grupo móvil. Los resultados sugieren que el ejercicio dirigido es más efectivo en las variables analizadas que el prescrito mediante la aplicación móvil. Futuros estudios que impliquen muestras de mayor tamaño deben confirmar o refutar estos resultados.Abstrac. Physical fitness level is a health marker in elderly people. The aim of our study was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of a physical exercise intervention, delivered face-to-face versus prescription through a mobile application. Twenty three participants (55-73 years old) were included in the 10-week intervention. Participants were allocated to the training group (n=16) or mobile group (n=7). The training group received 20 sessions (70-80 minutes per day) of physical exercise and were assigned to aerobic and resistance training (two sessions/per week). Intervention content was the same in the mobile group; only the delivery mode differed by means of a mobile application. We measured mean arterial pressure, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, percentage of muscle mass and body fat, balance, waist circumference, strength and aerobic capacity before and after 10 weeks of exercise intervention. The training group obtained improvements in mean arterial pressure, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate after exercise and aerobic capacity (p< .001, p< .001, p=.001, p=.003, p=.004, respectively). There were no significant changes in the mobile group. The results suggest that face-to-face exercise is more effective than prescribed using mobile applications. Future studies involving larger sample sizes should confirm or refute these findings.

scholarly journals Maternal hemodynamic responses to two different types of moderate physical exercise during pregnancy: a randomized clinical trial

10.3823/2559 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jousilene de Sales Tavares ◽  
Adriana Melo ◽  
Bruno Maciel ◽  
Amanda Vasconcelos ◽  
Joao Guilherme Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Hemodynamic Responses ◽  
Maternal Heart Rate

Background/Aim:  Maternal hemodynamic responses (heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure) were compared during two types of moderate-intensity physical exercise. Methods:  A randomized clinical trial compared 120 pregnant women performing physical exercise on a treadmill (n=64) or stationary bicycle (n=56).  In 44 of these women (n=23 treadmill; n=21 bicycle), blood pressure was monitored for 24 hours following exercise.  Repeated-measures analysis compared maternal heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure before, during and in the 24 hours following exercise in both groups.  Results:  Maternal heart rate increased significantly (p<0.001) with both types of exercise (from 84 at rest to 112 bpm on the treadmill and from 87 at rest to 107 bpm on the bicycle), without exceeding the limit of 140 bpm.  Systolic pressure increased from 110 at rest to 118 mmHg on the bicycle (p=0.06) and from 112 at rest to 120 mmHg on the treadmill (p=0.02).  Systolic pressure dropped steadily following exercise, reaching its lowest level (104 mmHg) after 14 hours, increasing thereafter and returning to pre-exercise levels by the 19th hour.  Diastolic pressure increased during exercise irrespective of the type of exercise (p=0.27), from 70 at rest to 75 mmHg on the bicycle (p=0.39) and from 70 at rest to 76 mmHg on the treadmill (p=0.18), with the lowest level (59 mmHg) being at the 13th hour. Conclusions:  A slight increase in blood pressure levels was found during exercise; however, this was not clinically significant and was followed by a substantial hypotensive effect that lasted around 19 hours. Register: Clinical Trials NCT01383889.

scholarly journals 3414 Association of blood pressure and biochemical knee cartilage composition assessed by T2 relaxation time measurements: Data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (s1) ◽  
pp. 139-140
Author(s):  
Walid Ashmeik ◽  
Gabby B. Joseph ◽  
Michael C. Nevitt ◽  
Nancy E. Lane ◽  
Charles E. McCulloch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Relaxation Time ◽  
Deep Layer ◽  
Superficial Layer ◽  
T2 Relaxation Time ◽  
Knee Cartilage ◽  
T2 Relaxation ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Osteoarthritis Initiative ◽  
Study Participants

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: The goal of this study was to investigate the associations of systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and pulse pressure (PP) with knee articular cartilage composition using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based T2 relaxation time measurements in study participants from the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI). METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: In this longitudinal study, 1,139 participants from the OAI, a multi-center, observational study of the evolution of knee OA, were selected using the following inclusion criteria: right knee Kellgren Lawrence (KL) score (radiographic classification of OA severity) 0-2 indicating no to mild radiographic OA at baseline, no history of rheumatoid arthritis at baseline, available blood pressure measurements at baseline, available T2 measurements in at least three knee compartments at baseline and 48-month follow-up. Linear regression models were performed using standardized values for SBP, DBP and PP as primary predictors and change in cartilage T2 over 48 months, a measure of cartilage matrix quality and degeneration, as the primary outcome. PP was defined as SBP minus DBP. Change in superficial layer and deep layer cartilage T2, which reflect differences in the laminar organization of knee cartilage T2, were also included as outcomes. Statistical models were adjusted for common risk factors for knee OA (baseline age, sex, BMI, KL score) as well as number of currently used anti-hypertensive medications (AHM) reported at baseline. We included AHMs whose primary indication was the treatment of hypertension including beta blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB), thiazides, chlorthalidone, dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers (CCB) and aliskiren. All predictors, outcomes and covariates (except sex) were analyzed as continuous variables. We included interaction terms in the models to evaluate whether the covariates (age, sex, BMI, KL score, number of AHMs) modified the association of SBP, DBP and PP with cartilage T2. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The average age of all study participants was 58.8 years (SD ± 8.6) with a higher proportion of men (59.4%), average body mass index (BMI) was 28.3 (SD ± 4.5), average SBP was 122.4 (SD ± 15.4) mmHg, average DBP was 75.5 (SD ± 9.6) mmHg and 469 (38.1%) study participants were taking at least one AHM. Higher baseline DBP was significantly associated with a faster increase in global T2 (0.22 [0.10,0.35], P < 0.001), global deep layer T2 (0.20 [0.03,0.36], P < 0.022) and global superficial layer T2 (0.39 [0.20,0.58], P < 0.001). These associations were significant in both unadjusted and the models adjusted for age, sex, BMI and KL score. No significant associations were found between SBP or PP and cartilage T2 and no significant interactions were found between SBP, DBP, PP and the covariates. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Higher baseline DBP was associated with a faster increase in knee cartilage T2, suggesting accelerated cartilage degeneration. This association was stronger for the superficial layer of knee cartilage T2 compared to the deep layer. Although further basic mechanistic studies are needed to elucidate the underlying pathophysiology of this relationship, these results suggest lowering DBP may influence knee OA.

scholarly journals Correlation of retinal changes with choroidal changes in acute and recurrent central serous chorioretinopathy assessed by swept-source optical coherence tomography

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 251584141989982
Author(s):  
Durgasri Jaisankar ◽  
Meenakshi Kumar ◽  
Pukhraj Rishi ◽  
Sumeer Singh ◽  
Rajiv Raman
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Central Serous Chorioretinopathy ◽  
Choroidal Thickness ◽  
Retinal Layer ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Swept Source ◽  
Acute Group ◽  
Significant Difference

Purpose: To evaluate affected choroidal regions and corresponding retinal changes in acute and recurrent central serous chorioretinopathy using swept-source optical coherence tomography. Methods: The foveal and subfoveal choroidal thicknesses were measured with swept-source optical coherence tomography. The retina was divided into five zones on the swept-source optical coherence tomography image based on baseline choroidal thickness being <100, 100–199, 200–299, 300–399 and ⩾400 μm. The retinal and choroidal thicknesses in the same five regions were evaluated during follow-up. The measurements were then compared between baseline (when central serous chorioretinopathy was active) and follow-up (after complete resolution of disease). Results: At baseline, in the acute group, the mean outer retinal layer thickness was significantly higher in areas with thicker choroid and lower in areas with thinner choroid. No such change was noticed in the recurrent group. In the acute group, the overall retinal thickness from baseline to follow-up decreased from 269.84 to 251.9 µm, ganglion cell layer thickness decreased from 107.14 to 101.28 µm, retinal nerve fibre layer thickness decreased from 56.96 to 49.33 µm, and no significant difference was noted in choroidal thickness. In the recurrent group, choroidal thickness significantly increased from 254.58 to 262.55 µm and ganglion cell layer decreased from 103.43 to 94.01 µm. No significant difference was noted in overall retina and retinal nerve fibre layer. Reduction in choroidal and retinal layer thicknesses was better in eyes which underwent laser treatment than the observation group. Conclusion: Swept-source optical coherence tomography might serve as an important non-invasive tool for both evaluating the extent of pathology and to predict the recurrence rate.

scholarly journals Impaired Layer Specific Retinal Vascular Reactivity Among Diabetic Subjects

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxwell Singer ◽  
Bright S. Ashimatey ◽  
Xiao Zhou ◽  
Zhongdi Chu ◽  
Ruikang K. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Reactivity ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Superficial Layer ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Retinal Layer ◽  
Swept Source ◽  
Layer Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Oxygen Condition ◽  
Capillary Response

AbstractPurposeTo investigate layer specific retinal vascular reactivity (RVR) in capillaries of diabetic subjects with no or mild non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR).MethodsA previously described nonrebreathing apparatus was used to deliver room air, 5% CO2, or 100% O2 to 41 controls and 22 diabetic subjects (with mild or no NPDR) while simultaneously acquiring fovea-centered 3×3mm2 Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography. Vessel skeleton density (VSD) and vessel diameter index (VDI) were calculated for each gas condition for the superficial retinal layer (SRL) and deep retinal layer (DRL). The superficial layer analysis excluded regions of arterioles and venules. Data analysis was performed using mixed factorial analysis of covariance stratified by diabetic status. All models were adjusted for age, gender, and hypertension.ResultsAmong controls, there was a significant difference in capillary VSD between all gas conditions (p<0.001). This difference was present in both the SRL and DRL. Among diabetics, there was no significant difference in response to CO2 conditions in the SRL (p=0.072), and a blunted response to both CO2 and O2 in the DRL. A significant gas effect was detected in the capillary VDI in the SRL of controls (p=0.001), which was driven by higher VDI in the oxygen condition compared to that of carbon dioxide.ConclusionsImpairment in RVR in diabetic subjects is driven largely by a decrease in the magnitude of the capillary response to O2 in the DRL as well as almost complete attenuation of capillary CO2 response in all layers. These layer and gas specific impairments in diabetics seem to occur early in the disease and to be driven primarily at the capillary level.

scholarly journals Subfoveal Choroidal Thickness Measured By Swept Source OCT in Retinitis Pigmentosa Patients

QJM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y M Mahmoud ◽  
T F Eliwa ◽  
H M Elmofty ◽  
T A Elmaamoun
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Retinitis Pigmentosa ◽  
Choroidal Thickness ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Retinal Layer ◽  
Foveal Thickness ◽  
Swept Source ◽  
Subfoveal Choroidal Thickness ◽  
Central Foveal Thickness

Abstract Background Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) encompasses a group of hereditary retinal diseases that result in progressive loss of rod and cone photoreceptors. It occurs in approximately one in 4000 individuals, with a worldwide prevalence of 1.5 million affected individuals. Aim of the Work This study aimed measure the subfoveal choroidal thickness and outer retinal layer thickness in patients with Retinitis Pigmentosa and correlate them with visual acuity. Methods Fifty eyes of clinically and electrophysiologically confirmed retinitis pigmentosa patients compare to fifty eyes of normal healthy individuals of the same age group as controls. Both groups were investigated for best corrected visual acuity (BCVA)(LogMAR) and Swept Source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) evaluating outer retinal layer thickness (ORL), central foveal thickness and subfoveal thickness (SFCT) and the integrity of inner segment-outer segment junction IS/OS as being (Intact (+) or disrupted (-)), Results Mean ages were 34.5 ± 11.3 years for controls versus 38.8 ±12.8 years for RP patients (p &gt; 0.05). Mean BCVA (logMAR) was 0.86 for RP group vesus 0.02 for control group. Mean subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) measurements were significantly lower in RP group (288.4 µm) than control group (333.7µm) (P value = 0.008). Significant difference was found between choroidal thickness and BCVA (logMAR) (p-value &lt;0.001). Presence of IS/OS was significantly correlated with BCVA (log MAR) (p value=0.0001). And finally, there was moderate negative correlation between central foveal thickness and BCVA (logMAR) (r = -0.414, p-value = 0.012). Conclusion Submacular choroidal thickness as measured by SS–OCT, is significantly reduced in patients with RP and significantly correlated to BCVA and IS/OS integrity.

scholarly journals Health Analysis of Footballer Using Big Data and Deep Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Tao Yang ◽  
Guoliang Yuan ◽  
Jing Yan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Information Storage ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Good Prospect ◽  
Blood Oxygen

With the development of information technology, health management and big data have risen and developed in recent years. Big data need proper analysis and shape in order to extract meaningful information from it. This paper analyzes the application status and prospects of big data in the field of health management. The results show that the most widely used big data in health management are intelligent wearable devices. Big data applications in football players’ mental health monitoring systems and chronic disease health management systems also have a good prospect. The intelligent wearable device is applied to several aspects of sports work: teaching and sports training, real-time monitoring of football players’ physical exercise process, collecting football players’ heart rate, calorie consumption, exercise steps, and track, blood pressure, blood oxygen, and other physical exercise data; through monitoring the heart rate, we can get the intensity and duration of football players’ physical exercise in school; through the calculation, we can also get the football players’ time energy consumption and understand the overall situation of football players’ physical exercise in school; through step counting and track monitoring, we can master the number of steps and track of football players; by monitoring the changes of blood oxygen and blood pressure of football players, we need to build a third-party residents’ health information storage and analysis system and further realize the marketization of residents’ health big data. The experimental results of the proposed study show the effectiveness of the proposed work.

scholarly journals An effect of physical exercise-induced fatigue on the vital sign parameters: A preliminary study

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-177
Author(s):  
Zulkifli Ahmad ◽  
Mohd Najeb Jamaludin ◽  
Kamaruzaman Soeed
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Vital Sign ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physical Movement ◽  
Exercise Induced

Vital sign monitoring is an important body measurement to identify health condition and diagnose any disease and illness. In sports, physical exercise will contribute to the changes of the physiological systems, specifically for the vital signs. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effect of physical fatigue exercise on the vital sign parameters. This is significant for the fitness identification and prediction of each individual when performing an exercise. Five male subjects with no history of injuries and random BMI were selected from students of biomedical engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. Based on the relationship between physical movement and physiology, the parameters considered were heart rate, blood pressure, and body temperature. Subjects were required to run on the treadmill at an initial speed of 4 km/h with an increase of 1 km/h at every 2 minutes interval. The effect of exercise was marked according to the fatigue protocol where the subject was induced to the maximum condition of performance. All parameters were measured twice, for pre and post exercise-induced protocol. The analysis of relationship of each parameter between pre and post fatigue was p<0.05. The results revealed that the heart rate and gap between blood pressure’s systolic and diastolic were greater for all categories except underweight, where the systolic blood pressure dropped to below 100mmHg at the end of exercise. Also, the body temperature was slightly declined to balance the thermoregulatory system with sweating. Hence, the vigorous physical movement could contribute to the active physiological system based on body metabolism. Heart rate and blood pressure presented significant effects from the fatiguing exercise whereas the body temperature did not indicate any distinguishable impact. The results presented might act as the basis of reference for physical exercise by monitoring the vital sign parameters.

scholarly journals Echocardiographic parameters of myocardial work in relation to prolonged strenuous physical exercise

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Erevik ◽  
Ø Kleiven ◽  
V Froysa ◽  
M Bjorkavoll-Bergseth ◽  
M Hansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Global Longitudinal Strain ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Strenuous Exercise ◽  
Lv Function ◽  
Strenuous Physical Exercise ◽  
Global Work

Abstract Background Myocardial work (MW) assessed by echocardiography is a novel measure of left ventricular (LV) function. This measure is load-independent, and therefore a more accurate method for assessing LV function when there are changes in loading conditions. The purpose of this study was to examine alterations in MW parameters, blood pressure (BP) and LV global longitudinal strain (LV GLS) in relation to strenuous exercise, and to compare the response between two different physical stress situations. Methods 59 healthy recreational athletes were assessed by echocardiography before-, immediately- and 24 hours after two episodes of high-intensity endurance exercise. The first exercise was a cardiopulmonary exercise (CPX) test, which included both a stepwise lactate threshold- and a maximal oxygen uptake test. The second exercise was a 91-km mountain bike leisure sport cycling competition. Global work index (GWI), global constructive work (GCW), global wasted work (GWW) and global work efficiency (GWE) were estimated from LV pressure-strain loops, constructed from a combination of LV GLS and non-invasive BP, using commercially available software package (Echopac V.202, GE). Results Subjects were 52 (43–59) years old (73% men). The duration of the CPX-test was 43 (40–45) minutes, and the race was 230 (210–245) minutes. The average heart rate during the CPX-test and the race was 144 (140–153) and 154 (148–161) beats per minute (bpm), respectively. The relative changes (percent) in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and LV GLS compared with pre-exercise values are demonstrated in Figure 1a, and GWI and GCW compared with pre-exercise values in Figure 1b. GWI at baseline was 2156 (1899–2400) mmHg% and GCW 2383 (2152–2668) mmHg%. There was a significant reduction in LV GLS (p=0.015), SBP, GWI and GCW following the CPX-test and the race (p&lt;0.001), while there was an increase in heart rate and cardiac output (p&lt;0.001). After the race, there was a significant (p=0.001) increase in GWW, and a reduction (p=0.006) in GWE. Conclusion There was a significant reduction in GWI and GCW after both the CPX-test and the race, suggesting that these markers reflect increased myocardial exhaustion following strenuous physical exercise. FUNDunding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: Private grant(s) and/or Sponsorship. Main funding source(s): This work was supported by ConocoPhillips and the Simon Fougner Hartmann Trust Figure 1a Figure 1b

Topographic correlation between juxtapapillary choroidal thickness and parapapillary deep-layer microvasculature dropout in primary open-angle glaucoma

2017 ◽  
Vol 102 (8) ◽  
pp. 1134-1140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Hyen Lee ◽  
Eun Ji Lee ◽  
Tae-Woo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Choroidal Thickness ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Deep Layer ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Swept Source ◽  
En Face ◽  
Swept Source Oct ◽  
The Mean

PurposeTo investigate the topographic relationship between parapapillary deep-layer microvasculature dropout (MvD) as assessed by optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography (OCTA) and the juxtapapillary choroidal thickness (JPCT) in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).MethodsA total of 194 eyes (138 POAG and 56 control eyes) having parapapillary atrophy (PPA) were imaged using the swept-source OCT and OCTA to examine the microstructure of PPA and measure the JPCT, and to determine the presence of the MvD. MvD was defined as a focal sectoral capillary dropout without any visible microvascular network identified in the parapapillary deep-layer in the en face OCTA images.ResultsJPCT was smaller in the POAG group than control group at 6-, 6.5-, 7- and 7.5-o’clock meridians (all p≤0.002). When POAG eyes were classified into those with parapapillary γ-zone and those with only β-zone without γ-zone, the mean JPCT was significantly smaller in the latter (p=0.027). The JPCT differed between with and without MvD only in eyes with a γ-zone: the JPCT was smaller in the eyes having MvD at 7- and 7.5-o’clock meridians (both p=0.001), where MvD was detected most frequently. However, such a difference was not observed in the eyes with only β-zone without the γ-zone at any of the meridians.ConclusionsLocalised reductions in JPCT were observed at the location of MvD in POAG eyes with parapapillary γ-zone. Such a correlation was not observed in the POAG eyes with only β-zone, but the mean JPCT was significantly smaller in this group.

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