scholarly journals Social isolation enhances cued-reinstatement of sucrose and nicotine seeking, but this is reversed by a return to social housing

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie A. Mastrogiovanni ◽  
Alice K. Wheeler ◽  
Kelly J. Clemens
Keyword(s):  
Social Isolation ◽  
Food Pellet ◽  
Reward Processing ◽  
Social Setting ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Familiar Environment ◽  
Socially Isolated ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Increased Susceptibility

AbstractPhysical or perceived (i.e. loneliness) social isolation is increasing in Western cultures. Unfortunately, social isolation is associated with a range of negative physical and mental health outcomes, including increased incidence of obesity and smoking. Here we monitored the impact of social isolation on a range of physical measures, and then tested whether social isolation in adult rats changes how reward-related stimuli motivate sucrose- or nicotine-seeking. Socially isolated rats showed elevated baseline CORT, gained significantly less weight across the study, were more active in response to a novel or familiar environment. Isolated rats also acquired nose-poking for a food pellet more rapidly, and showed increased susceptibility to cue-, but not reward-induced reinstatement. Notably, these effects are partially mitigated by a return to group housing, suggesting that they are not necessarily permanent, and that a return to a social setting can quickly reverse any deficits or changes associated with social isolation. This study advances our understanding of altered reward-processing in socially isolated individuals and reiterates the importance of socialisation in the treatment of disorders such as overeating and addiction.

scholarly journals Impact of Loneliness and Depression on Social Isolation of Third Gender in Multan: An Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
Siraj Hussain ◽  
Shahzad Farid ◽  
Muhammad Zahid ◽  
Sajjad Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Social Isolation ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Third Gender ◽  
Socially Isolated ◽  
Mainstream Society ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

This study was conducted in the sphere of lonely and socially isolated third gender as their lingering agony is not realized by mainstream society. The major objective of the study is to explore the impact of loneliness and depression on social isolation of third gender. Researcher collected data from randomly selected 100 eunuchs from Multan city, using self-administered questionnaire and face-to-face interview schedule. Researcher explored that loneliness significantly affected social isolation (p<.05). The study concluded that loneliness produced social isolation among third genders in Multan. The study further suggested that social inclusion of third gender in main fabric of society through their participation in social institutions.

scholarly journals The Impact of Social Isolation during the COVID-19 Pandemic on Physical and Mental Health: The Lived Experience of Adolescents with Obesity and Their Caregivers

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 3026
Author(s):  
Giada Pietrabissa ◽  
Clarissa Volpi ◽  
Michela Bottacchi ◽  
Vanessa Bertuzzi ◽  
Anna Guerrini Usubini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Developmental Phase ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

Adolescence is a complex developmental phase, made more complex by obesity and the social isolation imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic. The literature related to the impact of social isolation on obesity self-management in adolescents is scant and inconsistent. This paper describes the phenomenon from the perspectives of a sample of adolescents with obesity enrolled in an inpatients’ multidisciplinary rehabilitation program for weight-loss and their caregivers, and its impact on different life domains. Individual semi-structured ad hoc interviews were conducted with 10 adolescent-caregiver dyads, and narratives were qualitatively investigated using an interpretative phenomenology approach to data. Twenty participants took part in the study. The major themes that emerged from this study fall into five basic categories: (1) COVID-19 as an opportunity to reconsider what makes a good life; (2) Persistence in life; (3) Empowering relationship; (4) Daily routine in quarantine; (5) Lives on hold. Understandings drawn from this study may assist health care professionals in providing holistic support, and guidance to adolescents with weight-related issues and their caregivers who experience social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Looking through the window: emotional experiences of Instagram users in isolation

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 586-598
Author(s):  
Beatriz De Paulo ◽  
Vera Damazio ◽  
Manuela Quaresma
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Emotional Experiences ◽  
Digital Products ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Socially Isolated ◽  
Media Applications ◽  
The Impact

The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the health and wellbeing of people around the world has become an important research topic. Even for non-essential workers, social isolation has drastically changed people’s lives and habits. Considering that our daily lives and habits occur largely through the intermediation of products and services, social isolation may have drastically changed people's relationship with the products and services surrounding them. Thus, social media apps like Instagram have become crucial sources of information, social connection, and entertainment for the socially isolated. This article investigates the role of social media applications in people’s daily lives in isolation, based on the analysis of their emotional experiences. To this end, an exploratory study was carried out with 13 users in social isolation, based on diaries in which they reported the experiences they had through the Instagram platform from June 15th to June 29th. Results showed that Instagram had brought predominantly positive experiences to its users; however, negative emotions related to an excess of information and content consumption were also relevant. The results and conclusions of this work can be considered in future investigations about parameters for developing digital products that aim to reduce negative experiences and anxiety.

scholarly journals Social Isolation, Depression, and Psychological Distress Among Older Adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry Owen Taylor ◽  
Robert Joseph Taylor ◽  
Ann W. Nguyen ◽  
Linda Chatters
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Socially Isolated ◽  
Older Populations ◽  
The Impact

Objective: To investigate the impact of objective and subjective social isolation from extended family members and friends on depressive symptoms and psychological distress among a national sample of older adults. Method: Data for older adults (55 years and above) from the National Survey of American Life ( N = 1,439) were used to assess level of objective social isolation and subjective social isolation and to test regression models examining their impact on depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression [CES-D] Scale) and psychological distress (Kessler 6 [K6] Scale). Results: The majority of respondents were not socially isolated from family or friends; 5% were objectively isolated from family and friends, and less than 1% were subjectively isolated from family and friends. Regression analyses using both social isolation measures indicated that objective social isolation was unrelated to depressive symptoms and psychological distress. However, subjective social isolation from both family and friends and from friends only was associated with more depressive symptoms, and subjective social isolation from friends only was associated with higher levels of psychological distress. Discussion: Assessments of social isolation among older populations should account for both subjective and objective dimensions, as well as both family and friend social networks. Social isolation from friends is an important, but understudied, issue that has significant consequences for older adult mental health.

scholarly journals Race and Objective Social Isolation: Older African Americans, Black Caribbeans, and Non-Hispanic Whites

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (8) ◽  
pp. 1429-1440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Joseph Taylor ◽  
Linda M Chatters ◽  
Harry O Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Older Americans ◽  
Racial And Ethnic Differences ◽  
Religious Congregation ◽  
Older African Americans ◽  
Socially Isolated ◽  
Congregation Members

Abstract Objectives Social isolation is a major risk factor for poor physical and mental health among older adults. This study investigates the correlates of objective social isolation among older African Americans, Black Caribbean immigrants, and non-Hispanic Whites. Methods The analysis is based on the older subsample (n = 1,439) of the National Survey of American Life. There are eight indicators of objective social isolation: no contact with neighbors, neighborhood groups, friends, family members, religious congregation members, not being married and no romantic involvement, living alone, and not being a parent. Results Very few older Americans are socially isolated from family and friends. Non-Hispanic Whites are more likely than both African Americans and Black Caribbeans to live alone, to be childless, and have limited contact with religious congregation members. For both African Americans and Black Caribbeans, being female is protective against social isolation, but for both populations, men are more likely to be married or have a romantic partner. For African Americans, residing in the South is also protective against social isolation. Discussion This analysis provides greater clarity on racial and ethnic differences in social isolation among older adults, as well as within-group differences in objective social isolation among African Americans and Black Caribbeans.

Gender Differences in the Social Consequences of Unemployment: How Job Loss Affects the Risk of Becoming Socially Isolated

2020 ◽  
pp. 095001702096790
Author(s):  
Jan Eckhard
Keyword(s):  
Social Isolation ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Small Extent ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Socially Isolated ◽  
Short Time ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
The Impact

Using longitudinal data from the German Socio-Economic Panel, the study examines whether the impact of unemployment on the risk of becoming socially isolated is different for women and men and whether it can be traced back to financial straits. An isolating effect of unemployment is found only with regard to men, to long-term unemployment, and to social isolation in terms of scarce contact to friends and family. There is no such effect with regard to women, to short-time unemployment, and to social isolation in terms of a non-participation in civic associations. It is also found that the isolating impact of unemployment is only to a small extent attributable to the financial situation of the unemployed.

scholarly journals A novel murine model to study the impact of maternal depression and antidepressant treatment on biobehavioral functions in the offspring

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Scarborough ◽  
Flavia S. Mueller ◽  
Ulrike Weber-Stadlbauer ◽  
Daniele Mattei ◽  
Lennart Opitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Isolation ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Antenatal Depression ◽  
Model System ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Obstetric Outcomes ◽  
Molecular Abnormalities ◽  
Socially Isolated ◽  
The Impact

AbstractAntenatal psychopathology negatively affects obstetric outcomes and exerts long-term consequences on the offspring’s wellbeing and mental health. However, the precise mechanisms underlying these associations remain largely unknown. Here, we present a novel model system in mice that allows for experimental investigations into the effects of antenatal depression-like psychopathology and for evaluating the influence of maternal pharmacological treatments on long-term outcomes in the offspring. This model system in based on rearing nulliparous female mice in social isolation prior to mating, leading to a depressive-like state that is initiated before and continued throughout pregnancy. Using this model, we show that the maternal depressive-like state induced by social isolation can be partially rescued by chronic treatment with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, fluoxetine (FLX). Moreover, we identify numerous and partly sex-dependent behavioral and molecular abnormalities, including increased anxiety-like behavior, cognitive impairments and alterations of the amygdalar transcriptome, in offspring born to socially isolated mothers relative to offspring born to mothers that were maintained in social groups prior to conception. We also found that maternal FLX treatment was effective in preventing some of the behavioral and molecular abnormalities emerging in offspring born to socially isolated mothers. Taken together, our findings suggest that the presence of a depressive-like state during preconception and pregnancy has sex-dependent consequences on brain and behavioral functions in the offspring. At the same time, our study highlights that FLX treatment in dams with a depression-like state can prevent abnormal behavioral development in the offspring.

Social isolation: Impact on treatment and survival in patients with advanced cancer.

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (34_suppl) ◽  
pp. 156-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Moore ◽  
Bonnie Leung ◽  
Alan Bates ◽  
Cheryl Ho
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Advanced Cancer ◽  
Systemic Therapy ◽  
Primary Tumor ◽  
Metastatic Cancer ◽  
Tumor Site ◽  
Primary Tumor Site ◽  
Socially Isolated ◽  
The Impact

156 Background: Social relationships are an important determinant of health, with impacts on morbidity and mortality in the general population. The influence of social isolation in patients with metastatic cancer is less clear, as are the potential mechanisms of its effect. We sought to examine patient-reported social support in a large unselected population, and explore the impact on outcome. Methods: A retrospective review was completed of all patients with metastatic cancer referred to BC Cancer from 2011-2016 who completed a psychological screen within six months of diagnosis. Social isolation was defined as a positive response to any of five questions about social support: live alone, recently lost spouse/partner, no regular contact with friends/relatives, no one to assist with IADLs, no emotional support. An isolation score was calculated as the number of positive responses. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS). Results: 7,699 patients were included in the study. Baseline characteristics: median age 68, 57% male, 60% received systemic therapy, primary tumor site 4% breast / 37% lung / 28% GI / 13% GU / 18% other. 5191 (67%) patients reported no isolation, and 2,538 (33%) were socially isolated. Patients with social isolation were more likely older (median age 70 vs. 67), female (50% vs. 40%), ECOG ≥2 (34% vs. 30%), and receive no systemic therapy (46% vs. 35%). Median OS was inferior in socially isolated patients at 10.1 m compared to those with no isolation at 13.5 m (p<0.001). In a multivariate model including age, sex, ECOG, systemic therapy, and primary tumor site, the impact of social isolation on OS remained significant (HR 1.06, p=0.04). In an exploratory analysis, increasing levels of social isolation were correlated with reduced systemic therapy uptake (score 0=65% received systemic therapy, 1=56%, 2=53%, 3=47%, ≥4=43%, p<0.001). Conclusions: Socially isolated patients with metastatic cancer have inferior survival, which may be influenced by the reduced use of systemic therapy. Increasing patient social support should be explored as a means to improve the uptake of systemic therapy and its benefits on survival in patients with advanced cancer.

Co-existence of social isolation and homebound status increase the risk of all-cause mortality

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 703-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryota Sakurai ◽  
Masashi Yasunaga ◽  
Mariko Nishi ◽  
Taro Fukaya ◽  
Masami Hasebe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Socially Isolated ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTBackground:Social isolation and homebound statuses are possible risk factors for increased mortality among older adults. However, no study has addressed the impact of accumulation of these two factors on mortality. The aim of this study was to examine whether such accumulation increased the risk of all-cause mortality.Methods:The analyzed sample was drawn from a mail survey of 1,023 older adults without instrumental activities of daily living disability. Participants were classified into four groups according to the frequency of both face-to-face and non-face-to-face interactions with others (social isolation and non-social isolation) and the frequency of going outdoors (homebound and non-homebound). Social isolation and homebound statuses were defined as having a social interaction less than once a week and going outdoors either every few days or less, respectively. All-cause mortality information during a six-year follow-up was obtained.Results:In total, 78 (7.6%) participants were both socially isolated and homebound. During the follow-up period, 65 participants died, with an overall mortality rate of 10.6 per 1000 person-years. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses demonstrated that older adults who were socially isolated and homebound showed a significantly higher risk of subsequent all-cause mortality compared with healthy adults who were neither socially isolated nor homebound, independent of potential covariates (aHR, 2.19; 95% CI: 1.04–4.63).Conclusion:Our results suggest that the co-existence of social isolation and homebound statuses may synergistically increase risk of mortality. Both active and socially integrated lifestyle in later life might play a major role in maintaining a healthy status.

scholarly journals Effects of Sherish℠ Connect on older adults in a residential living facility

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Katherine Bennett ◽  
Mia Gonzalez ◽  
Sydney Harper ◽  
Madison Logan ◽  
Kaeli Jeffers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Social Technology ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Technology Platforms ◽  
Residential Living ◽  
The Impact

Personal connection and social interaction are vital components of health throughout the lifespan. Loneliness and social isolation among the older adult population impacts both physical and mental health negatively. Analysis of published research demonstrates the importance of considering the use of different social technology platforms to foster opportunities for social support among family and friends. Researchers noted an increased relevance of the need for social technology in residential living facilities with the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic and social distancing. The study aims to investigate the impact of social technology, via Sherish℠ Connect on older adults’ reported levels of loneliness and social isolation within a residential living facility. The seven participants used Sherish℠ Connect, a television-based photo-sharing application, for a minimum of one month prior to data collection. Data was collected via survey responses and medical records review to determine the effect of the Sherish℠ Connect intervention on participants’ perceived loneliness. Six participants reported using Sherish℠ Connect weekly or daily. All participants reported Sherish℠ Connect provided comfort. Social technology platforms offer an opportunity for social support among family and friends. Sherish℠ Connect, given a larger sample and increased duration of use, has the potential to combat loneliness and social isolation and provide comfort for older adults. Researchers hope this study provides baseline research that inspires additional studies investigating Sherish℠ Connect. The utilization of social technology adds value to occupational therapy intervention for mental health and social participation, particularly during the unprecedented time of COVID-19.

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