scholarly journals DNA degradation in human teeth exposed to thermal stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Lozano-Peral ◽  
Leticia Rubio ◽  
Ignacio Santos ◽  
María Jesús Gaitán ◽  
Enrique Viguera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Typing ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Human Identification ◽  
Dna Degradation ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Peak Height Ratio ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Human Dna ◽  
Identifiler Plus

AbstractHuman identification from burned remains poses a challenge to forensic laboratories, and DNA profiling is widely used for this purpose. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of temperature on DNA degradation in human teeth. Thirty teeth were exposed to temperatures of 100, 200, or 400 °C for 60 min. DNA was quantified by Real-Time qPCR (Quantifiler Human DNA Quantification Kit) and fluorescence spectroscopy (Qubit 3.0 Fluorometer). DNA degradation was evaluated by using STR markers (AmpFLSTR Identifiler Plus PCR Amplification Kit) to determine the allele and locus dropout, inter-locus balance, and degradation slope (observed (Oa) to expected (Ea) locus peak height ratio against the molecular weight). Most of the genomic DNA was degraded between 100 °C and 200 °C. At 100 °C, locus dropout ratios showed significant differences between the largest loci (FGA, D7S820, D18S51, D16S539, D2S1338 and CSF1PO) and amelogenin. Inter-locus balance values significantly differed between all dye channels except between NED and PET. The dropout ratio between D18S51 (NED) and amelogenin (PET) can be recommended for the evaluation of DNA degradation. The Oa/Ea regression model can predict locus peak heights in DNA degradation (R2 = 0.7881). These findings may be useful to assess the reliability of DNA typing for human identification in teeth subjected to prolonged incineration.

Correlation between Physico-Mechanical Properties of NR-BR Blends in Tire Tread Formulation with their Thermal Behaviors

2008 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Taghvaei-Ganjali ◽  
Fereshteh Motiee ◽  
Farsa Fotoohi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Peak Height Ratio ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Thermal Behaviors ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Successful Technique

Abstract Thermal analysis provides a successful technique for the characterization and identification of rubber compounds. In this study, TGA (thermogravimetric analysis) and DTG (TGA derivative) profiles are used to predict and define the physico-mechanical properties of natural rubber — butadiene rubber (NR / BR) blends, using their thermal behaviors. DTG curves of vulcanizate showed that the initial degradation temperature of NR is lower than BR. According to TGA-DTG profiles we have demonstrated two useful factors, ΔTmax (Tmax BR100−Tmax BRX) and peak height ratio of NR-BR blends which are correlated with physico-mechanical properties of blends.

The effect of temperature on environmental DNA degradation of Japanese eel

2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihide Kasai ◽  
Shingo Takada ◽  
Aya Yamazaki ◽  
Reiji Masuda ◽  
Hiroki Yamanaka
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Dna ◽  
Dna Degradation ◽  
Japanese Eel ◽  
Effect Of Temperature

scholarly journals Restricted PCR: amplification of an individual sequence flanked by a highly repetitive element from total human DNA

1994 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 3251-3252 ◽  
Author(s):  
László G. Puskás ◽  
Berthold Fartmann ◽  
Sándor Bottka
Keyword(s):  
Repetitive Element ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Human Dna

Characterisation of Bimodal Grain Structures and Their Dependence on Inhomogeneous Precipitate Distribution during Casting

2005 ◽  
Vol 500-501 ◽  
pp. 613-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.J. Chakrabarti ◽  
Claire L. Davis ◽  
Martin Strangwood
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Visual Observation ◽  
Peak Height Ratio ◽  
Cast Slab ◽  
Grain Structures ◽  
Thermo Calc Software ◽  
Grain Size Distributions ◽  
Continuously Cast ◽  
Nb Microalloyed Steel

Bimodal grain size distributions were found in continuously cast slab and thermomechanical controlled rolled (TMCR) samples of Nb-microalloyed steel. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed inhomogeneous distributions of Al- and Nb-containing precipitates, which were found to pin prior austenite grain boundaries during reheating. An effort has been made to establish parameters to quantify the extent of bimodality of reheated and rolled microstructures. Quantification of bimodality using peak grain size range, (PGSR) and peak height ratio, (PHR), is found to match closely with the visual observation of bimodality. Thermo-Calc software was used to predict the sequence of precipitation for different compositions and that could explain the formation of bimodality during reheating.

scholarly journals Genetic Evidence of the Black Death in the Abbey of San Leonardo (Apulia Region, Italy): Tracing the Cause of Death in Two Individuals Buried with Coins

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1354
Author(s):  
Donato Antonio Raele ◽  
Ginevra Panzarino ◽  
Giuseppe Sarcinelli ◽  
Maria Assunta Cafiero ◽  
Anna Maria Tunzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Black Death ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
14Th Century ◽  
Human Dna ◽  
Epidemic Typhus ◽  
Negative Controls ◽  
First Time

The Abbey of San Leonardo in Siponto (Apulia, Southern Italy) was an important religious and medical center during the Middle Ages. It was a crossroads for pilgrims heading along the Via Francigena to the Sanctuary of Monte Sant’Angelo and for merchants passing through the harbor of Manfredonia. A recent excavation of Soprintendenza Archeologica della Puglia investigated a portion of the related cemetery, confirming its chronology to be between the end of the 13th and beginning of the 14th century. Two single graves preserved individuals accompanied by numerous coins dating back to the 14th century, hidden in clothes and in a bag tied to the waist. The human remains of the individuals were analyzed in the Laboratorio di Antropologia Fisica of Soprintendenza ABAP della città metropolitana di Bari. Three teeth from each individual were collected and sent to the Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale di Puglia e Basilicata to study infectious diseases such as malaria, plague, tuberculosis, epidemic typhus and Maltese fever (Brucellosis), potentially related to the lack of inspection of the bodies during burial procedures. DNA extracted from six collected teeth and two additional unrelated human teeth (negative controls) were analyzed using PCR to verify the presence of human DNA (β-globulin) and of pathogens such as Plasmodium spp., Yersinia pestis, Mycobacterium spp., Rickettsia spp. and Brucella spp. The nucleotide sequence of the amplicon was determined to confirm the results. Human DNA was successfully amplified from all eight dental extracts and two different genes of Y. pestis were amplified and sequenced in 4 out of the 6 teeth. Molecular analyses ascertained that the individuals buried in San Leonardo were victims of the Black Death (1347–1353) and the data confirmed the lack of inspection of the corpses despite the presence of numerous coins. This study represents molecular evidence, for the first time, of Southern Italy’s involvement in the second wave of the plague pandemic.

scholarly journals A Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome case with de novo 24 Mb duplication of chromosome 11p15.5p14.3

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huling Jiang ◽  
Zepeng Ping ◽  
Jianguo Wang ◽  
Xiaodan Liu ◽  
Yuxia Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
De Novo ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Snp Array ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Peak Height Ratio ◽  
Molecular Heterogeneity ◽  
Methylation Index ◽  
Imprinting Disorder ◽  
Copy Number Changes

Abstract Background: Molecular genetic testing for the 11p15-associated imprinting disorder Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome(BWS) is challenging because of the molecular heterogeneity and complexity of the affected imprinted regions. An integrated molecular approach to analyze the epigenetic-genetic alterations is required for accurate diagnosis of BWS.Case presentation: We reported a Chinese case with BWS detected by SNP array analysis and methylation-specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MS‑MLPA). The genetic analysis showed a de novo duplication of 24 Mb at 11p15.5p14.3 is much longer than ever reported. MS-MLPA showed copy number changes with a peak height ratio value of 1.5(three copies) at 11p15. The duplication of paternal origin with increase of methylation index of 0.68 at H19 and decreased methylation index of 0.37 at KCNQ1OT1. Conclusion: Combined chromosome microarray analysis and methylation profiling provided reliable diagnosis for this paternally derived duplication of BWS. The phenotype associated with 11p15 duplications depends on the size, genetic content, parental inheritance and imprinting status. Identification of these rare duplications is crucial for genetic counselling.

"High-pressure" liquid chromatography of sulfisoxazole and N4-acetylsulfisoxazole in body fluids.

1980 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-54
Author(s):  
D Jung ◽  
S Oie
Keyword(s):  
Internal Standard ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Absolute Methanol ◽  
Peak Height Ratio ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Studies ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Calculated Concentration ◽  
Supernatant Solution ◽  
Clinical Drug ◽  
Clear Supernatant

Abstract We describe a simple, rapid chromatographic method for separating and quantitatively determining sulfisoxazole and its N4-acetyl metabolite in plasma and urine. A 100-micro L sample of plasma or urine is combined with 200 micro L of a solution containing 12 mg/L of the internal standard, N4-acetylsulfamethoxazole, in absolute methanol and centrifuged to obtain a clear supernatant solution. This solution is then eluted through a 10-micron microparticulate column with a mobile phase of 32/68 (by vol) methanol/sodium acetate buffer (0.01 mol/L, pH 4.7), at a flow rate of 1.2 mL/min. The eluted sompounds are detected by their absorption at 254 nm. We calculated concentration from the peak-height ratios of sulfisoxazole or N4-acetylsulfisoxazole to N4-acetylsulfamethoxazole. The peak-height ratio was linear with concentration in the range 0.05--200 mg/L for both drug and metabolite in plasma and urine. Because this assay can be completed within 30 min of obtaining a blood or urine sample, it should be a valuable tool in clinical drug monitoring and pharmacokinetic studies.

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