scholarly journals A precision medicine approach to sex-based differences in ideal cardiovascular health

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane A. Leopold ◽  
Elliott M. Antman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factor ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Ideal Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Life’S Simple 7 ◽  
Life's Simple 7

AbstractCardiovascular disease risk factor profiles and health behaviors are known to differ between women and men. Sex-based differences in ideal cardiovascular health were examined in the My Research Legacy study, which collected cardiovascular health and lifestyle data via Life’s Simple 7 survey and digital health devices. As the study overenrolled women (n = 1251) compared to men (n = 310), we hypothesized that heterogeneity among women would affect comparisons of ideal cardiovascular health. We identified 2 phenogroups of women in our study cohort by cluster analysis. The phenogroups differed significantly across all 7 cardiovascular health and behavior domains (all p < 0.01) with women in phenogroup 1 having a lower Life’s Simple 7 Health Score than those in phenogroup 2 (5.9 ± 1.3 vs. 7.6 ± 1.3, p < 0.01). Compared to men, women in phenogroup 1 had a higher burden of cardiovascular disease risk factors, exercised less, and had lower ideal cardiovascular health scores (p < 0.01). In contrast, women in phenogroup 2 had fewer cardiovascular risk factors but similar exercise habits and higher ideal cardiovascular health scores than men (p < 0.01). These findings suggest that heterogeneity among study participants should be examined when evaluating sex-based differences in ideal cardiovascular health.

scholarly journals Greater Adherence to Life’s Simple 7 Is Associated With Less Arterial Stiffness: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 769-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abayomi O Oyenuga ◽  
Aaron R Folsom ◽  
Susan Cheng ◽  
Hirofumi Tanaka ◽  
Michelle L Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk ◽  
Life’S Simple 7 ◽  
Life's Simple 7

Abstract Background Greater arterial stiffness is associated independently with increased cardiovascular disease risk. The American Heart Association (AHA) has recommended following “Life’s Simple 7 (LS7)” to optimize cardiovascular health; we tested whether better LS7 in middle age is associated with less arterial stiffness in later life. Methods We studied 4,232 black and white participants aged 45–64 years at the baseline (1987–89) visit of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study cohort who also had arterial stiffness measured in 2011–13 (mean ± SD interval: 23.6 ± 1.0 years). We calculated a 14-point summary score for baseline LS7 and classified participants as having “poor” (0–4), “average” (5–9), or “ideal” (10–14) cardiovascular health. We used logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for arterial stiffening: a high carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV, ≥13.23 m/s) or a high central pulse pressure (central PP, ≥ 82.35 mm Hg). Results The age, race, sex, and heart rate-adjusted ORs (95% CI) for high cfPWV in the “ideal,” “average,” and “poor” LS7 summary categories were 1 (Reference), 1.30 (1.11, 1.53), and 1.68 (1.10,2.56), respectively (P-trend = 0.0003). Similarly, the adjusted ORs (95% CI) for high central PP across LS7 summary categories were 1 (Reference), 1.48 (1.27, 1.74), and 1.63 (1.04, 2.56), respectively (P-trend <0.0001). Conclusion Greater LS7 score in middle age is associated with less arterial stiffness 2–3 decades later. These findings further support the AHA recommendation to follow LS7 for cardiovascular disease prevention.

scholarly journals Short-Term Effects of Healthy Eating Pattern Cycling on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: Pooled Results from Two Randomized Controlled Trials

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren O'Connor ◽  
Jia Li ◽  
R. Drew Sayer ◽  
Jane Hennessy ◽  
Wayne Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors ◽  
Eating Pattern

Adherence to healthy eating patterns (HEPs) is often short-lived and can lead to repetitive attempts of adopting—but not maintaining—HEPs. We assessed effects of adopting, abandoning, and readopting HEPs (HEP cycling) on cardiovascular disease risk factors (CVD-RF). We hypothesized that HEP cycling would improve, worsen, and again improve CVD-RF. Data were retrospectively pooled for secondary analyses from two randomized, crossover, controlled feeding trials (n = 60, 52 ± 2 years, 30.6 ± 0.6 kg/m2) which included two 5–6 week HEP interventions (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension-style or Mediterranean-style) separated by a four-week unrestricted eating period. Ambulatory and fasting blood pressures (BP), fasting serum lipids, lipoproteins, glucose, and insulin were measured before and during the last week of HEP interventions. Fasting systolic BP and total cholesterol decreased (−6 ± 1 mm Hg and −19 ± 3 mg/dL, respectively, p < 0.05), returned to baseline, then decreased again (−5 ± 1 mm Hg and −13 ± 3 mg/dL, respectively, p < 0.05) when adopting, abandoning, and readopting a HEP; magnitude of changes did not differ. Ambulatory and fasting diastolic BP and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations followed similar patterns; glucose and insulin remained unchanged. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations decreased with initial adoption but not readoption (−13 ± 3 and −6 ± 3, respectively, interaction p = 0.020). Healthcare professionals should encourage individuals to consistently consume a HEP for cardiovascular health but also encourage them to try again if a first attempt is unsuccessful or short-lived.

scholarly journals Identification of Endothelial Proteins in Plasma Associated With Cardiovascular Risk Factors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria J. Iglesias ◽  
Larissa D. Kruse ◽  
Laura Sanchez-Rivera ◽  
Linnea Enge ◽  
Philip Dusart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factor ◽  
Venous Disease

Objective: Endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction is a well-established response to cardiovascular disease risk factors, such as smoking and obesity. Risk factor exposure can modify EC signaling and behavior, leading to arterial and venous disease development. Here, we aimed to identify biomarker panels for the assessment of EC dysfunction, which could be useful for risk stratification or to monitor treatment response. Approach and Results: We used affinity proteomics to identify EC proteins circulating in plasma that were associated with cardiovascular disease risk factor exposure. Two hundred sixteen proteins, which we previously predicted to be EC-enriched across vascular beds, were measured in plasma samples (n=1005) from the population-based SCAPIS (Swedish Cardiopulmonary Bioimage Study) pilot. Thirty-eight of these proteins were associated with body mass index, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, smoking, hypertension, or diabetes. Sex-specific analysis revealed that associations predominantly observed in female- or male-only samples were most frequently with the risk factors body mass index, or total cholesterol and smoking, respectively. We show a relationship between individual cardiovascular disease risk, calculated with the Framingham risk score, and the corresponding biomarker profiles. Conclusions: EC proteins in plasma could reflect vascular health status.

Abstract P159: The Impact of Acculturation on Ideal Cardiovascular Health Metrics Among Hispanic Adults: Results from the National and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2010

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Rodriguez ◽  
James B Meigs ◽  
Bianca C Porneala ◽  
Lenny Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Ideal Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Hispanic Adults ◽  
Diet Score

Background: The American Heart Association has identified a set of 7 ideal health metrics that are associated with reduced cardiovascular disease mortality. Higher acculturation has been linked to increased risk of cardiovascular disease risk factors among Hispanics. We tested whether acculturation is associated with these ideal metrics in a large contemporary sample of Hispanic adults. Methods: We examined the association between acculturation and 7 ideal cardiovascular health metrics in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999-2010. Acculturation was measured by language use, with higher acculturation defined as the use of at least equal English and Spanish. The 7 ideal health metrics included not smoking, a body mass index (BMI) <25 kg/m2, moderate intensity exercise (defined by weekly METs), a healthy diet (healthy diet score ≥2), and maintenance of normal values of cholesterol (<200 mg/dL), fasting glucose (<100 mg/dL), and blood pressure (<120/<80 mm Hg). Based on established guidelines, components were defined as poor, intermediate, or ideal. Chi-squared analyses and logistic regression models were used to examine the independent association between ideal health metrics and acculturation, adjusting for age, gender, insurance status, usual place of care and appropriate sampling weights. P values ≤ 0.05 were significant. Results: The study sample consisted of 8,707 Hispanic adults. As compared with more acculturated adults, less acculturated adults were slightly older (mean age 41.1 vs. 39.2, p=0.004), were more likely to have less than a high school education (67.1 vs. 25.1%, p<0.001), less likely to have a usual source of care (61.3 vs. 79.1%, p<0.001) and more likely to be uninsured (57.0 vs. 27.4%, p<0.001). Less acculturated Hispanics were more likely to be nonsmokers (64.0 vs. 54.7%, p<0.001) but were less likely to meet ideal health metrics for BMI, physical activity, cholesterol, and glycemic control as compared with more acculturated adults. There was no difference in the healthy diet score by acculturation. In a subset of participants with all 6 ideal health metrics (N=1516) excluding diet, lower acculturation was associated with a trend for higher odds of having 6 of the ideal health metrics in fully adjusted models (Odds Ratio 1.8 [95% CI 1.0-3.1]). Conclusion: Contrary to prior reports of the positive health effects of low acculturation, we found that lower acculturation is associated with poor cardiovascular health metrics in a national sample of Hispanic adults. However, this group is also heterogeneous and future studies should explore the complex role of acculturation in cardiovascular disease risk profiles.

scholarly journals Life’s Simple 7 And Cardiovascular Disease Risk Knowledge In Hong Kong

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. A136
Author(s):  
V. Lee ◽  
K.Y. Kong ◽  
F. Fong ◽  
L. Ngai ◽  
Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Life’S Simple 7 ◽  
Life's Simple 7 ◽  
Risk Knowledge

scholarly journals Study of cardiovascular disease risk factors among rural schoolchildren in Sousse,Tunisia

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 617-624
Author(s):  
H. Ghannem
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factor ◽  
Significant Difference

We undertook an epidemiological survey based on a representative sample of 793 rural schoolchildren in Sousse, Tunisia to assess the prevalence of certain cardiovascular disease risk factors. The prevalence of hypertension [11.2%], hypercholesterolaemia [2.9%], hypertriglyceridaemia [1.0%], high levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [0.6%] and obesity [4.0%] showed no statistically significant difference based on sex. However, smoking [4%] showed a significant gender difference [boys: 7.3%; girls 1.2%]. The relatively low cardiovascular disease risk factor profile of Tunisian children needs to be encouraged through to adulthood. Thus a school programme of heart health promotion should be established.

scholarly journals Life’s simple 7 and cardiovascular disease risk knowledge in Hong Kong

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivian W. Y. Lee ◽  
Felix Y. H. Fong ◽  
Franco W. T. Cheng ◽  
Bryan P. Y. Yan
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Life’S Simple 7 ◽  
Life's Simple 7 ◽  
Risk Knowledge
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