scholarly journals Bone morphological feature extraction for customized bone plate design

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Wang ◽  
Kaijin Guo ◽  
Kunjin He ◽  
Hong Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Healing Process ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Bone Morphology ◽  
Skeletal Morphology ◽  
Design Efficiency ◽  
Design Time ◽  
Plate Design ◽  
Feature Parameter ◽  
Fracture Types ◽  
Semantic Parameters

AbstractFractures are difficult to treat because of individual differences in bone morphology and fracture types. Compared to serialized bone plates, the use of customized plates significantly improves the fracture healing process. However, designing custom plates often requires the extraction of skeletal morphology, which is a complex and time-consuming procedure. This study proposes a method for extracting bone morphological features to facilitate customized plate designs. The customized plate design involves three major steps: extracting the morphological features of the bone, representing the undersurface features of the plate, and constructing the customized plate. Among these steps, constructing the undersurface feature involves integrating a group of bone features with different anatomical morphologies into a semantic feature parameter set of the plate feature. The undersurface feature encapsulates the plate and bone features into a highly cohesive generic feature and then establishes an internal correlation between the plate and bone features. Using the femoral plate as an example, we further examined the validity and feasibility of the proposed method. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method improves the convenience of redesign through the intuitive editing of semantic parameters. In addition, the proposed method significantly improves the design efficiency and reduces the required design time.

Effect of Osteoplasty with Bioactive Glass (S53P4) in Bone Healing - In vivo Experiment on Common European Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 429-433
Author(s):  
Solyom Arpad ◽  
Cristian Trambitas ◽  
Ecaterina Matei ◽  
Eugeniu Vasile ◽  
Fodor Pal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Bone Grafts ◽  
Bone Substitutes ◽  
Native Bone ◽  
European Rabbits ◽  
Autologous Bone Grafts ◽  
Fracture Types

Osteoplasty, is a procedure mostly applied in complicated bone fractures. Nowadays this method is widely used in primary fracture treatment while the native bone graft is progressively replaced with various synthetic bone substitutes. From the numerous bone grafts we�d like to mention a representative of ceramics, the S53P4 bioactive glass. (BonAlive�). The aim of this study was to investigate the healing process of different fracture types generated on rabbit femurs. During this experiment we used seven common European rabbits. We separated these animals into two groups; in the first group we surgically generated a total fracture in the middle 1/3 of the femur, while in the second group, we produced only a bone defect on the femur. The osteoplasty was carried out with bioactive glass and autologous bone grafts. The radiographic follow-up was immediate after the operation and after 3, 6 and 7 weeks. The animals were euthanized after 19, 20 and 21 weeks, for histomorphometric examination of the femur. It was also studied the ionic release from the used bioactive glass at physiological pH and the etching of the glass was studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy.

A Multi-Degree of Freedom Laser Scanning Simulation Platform

2013 ◽  
Vol 423-426 ◽  
pp. 2435-2438
Author(s):  
Hua Jie Sun ◽  
Jin Huang ◽  
Ge Guo ◽  
Ying Hu
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
System Model ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Simulation Platform ◽  
Design Efficiency ◽  
Design Time ◽  
Calibration Methods ◽  
On Line ◽  
Line Scanning

The multi-degree of freedom laser scanning simulation platform used for simulating most on-line scanning and measuring equipments in manufacturing fields is beneficial to raise the design efficiency and save the design time of dedicated measurement equipment. The measuring model of the system is established by combining the D-H kinematics model with the linear structured light model in the article. The system model parameters are calibrated via various calibration methods. The results obtained have been analyzed by scanning criterion sphere in different angle and position. The experiments show that the system can meet the requirements of ordinary complex workpiece inspection and the measuring precision can achieve approximately 0.1 mm.

scholarly journals Anastomotic healing in a rat model of peritonitis after non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug administration

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Ghiselli ◽  
Guendalina Lucarini ◽  
Monica Ortenzi ◽  
Eleonora Salvolini ◽  
Stefania Saccomanno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Gastrointestinal Surgery ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Anastomotic Healing ◽  
Bursting Pressure ◽  
Mmp9 Expression ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The tissue inflammatory response can influence the outcome of anastomotic healing. Anastomotic leakage represents a dreadful complication after gastrointestinal surgery, in particular sepsis and intra-abdominal infections impair the restorative process of colic anastomoses. It has been debated whether the administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is a risk factor for dehiscence, since many patients receive NSAIDs in the early postoperative period. Our aim was, for the first time, to analyze the morpho-functional effects of postoperative administration of two commonly used NSAIDs, Diclofenac and Ketorolac, on the healing process of colo-colic anastomoses constructed under condition of fecal peritonitis in a rat model. Sixty adult male rats underwent two surgical procedures: peritonitis induction and colo-colic anastomosis, and were divided into three groups: 20 rats received saline; 20 rats 4 mg/kg Diclofenac and 20 rats 5 mg/kg Ketorolac. We assessed anastomosis strength, morphological features of tissue wound healing, immunohistochemical metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) expression and collagen deposition and content by Sirius red staining and hydroxyproline level. We found no significant difference in bursting pressure, collagen content and organization and morphological features between the groups, except a significantly reduced presence of inflammatory cells and MMP9 expression in the groups treated with NSAIDs. Our findings showed that Diclofenac and Ketorolac administration did not affect post-surgical healing and did not increase the leakage risk of colo-colic anastomoses during peritonitis.

Casting Process Design and Simulation for Shaft Locking Pin

2013 ◽  
Vol 456 ◽  
pp. 354-357
Author(s):  
Guo Hong Zhang ◽  
Rong De Li ◽  
Chang Tian ◽  
Ke Qiang Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Process Design ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Optimized Design ◽  
Trial And Error ◽  
Design Efficiency ◽  
Design Time ◽  
Improved Design

Two kinds of methods of casting process for shaft locking pin were introduced. Simulated and analyzed the casting process by ANYCasting. Predicted the potential defects, resulted in a relatively optimized design. Replaced the traditional trial-and-error test with computer simulation, reduced design time and improved design efficiency.

Montmorillonite Dendrites

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 454-455
Author(s):  
Necip Güven ◽  
Rodney W. Pease
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Growth Mechanism ◽  
Growth Front ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Dendritic Crystal ◽  
Crystal Growth Mechanism

Morphological features of montmorillonite aggregates in a large number of samples suggest that they may be formed by a dendritic crystal growth mechanism (i.e., tree-like growth by branching of a growth front).

Polymer Morphology Revealed by Staining Techniques

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 340-341
Author(s):  
A. C. Reimschuessel ◽  
V. Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Melt ◽  
Nylon 6 ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Negative Staining ◽  
Polymer Morphology ◽  
Crystallizable Polymer ◽  
Staining Techniques ◽  
Long Chain

Staining techniques can be used for either the identification of different polymers or for the differentiation of specific morphological domains within a given polymer. To reveal morphological features in nylon 6, we choose a technique based upon diffusion of the staining agent into accessible regions of the polymer.When a crystallizable polymer - such as nylon 6 - is cooled from the melt, lamellae form by chainfolding of the crystallizing long chain macromolecules. The regions between adjacent lamellae represent the less ordered amorphous domains into which stain can diffuse. In this process the lamellae will be “outlined” by the dense stain, giving rise to contrast comparable to that obtained by “negative” staining techniques.If the cooling of the polymer melt proceeds relatively slowly - as in molding operations - the lamellae are usually arranged in a radial manner. This morphology is referred to as spherulitic.

Morphologies of Nonadherent Al2O3 and Matching Substrate Surfaces

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 524-525
Author(s):  
C. S. Giggins ◽  
J. K. Tien ◽  
B. H. Kear ◽  
F. S. Pettit
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Oxide Scale ◽  
Oxidation Resistance ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Thermally Induced ◽  
Oxide Spallation ◽  
Oxidation Resistant ◽  
Induced Stresses ◽  
Substrate Surfaces

The performance of most oxidation resistant alloys and coatings is markedly improved if the oxide scale strongly adheres to the substrate surface. Consequently, in order to develop alloys and coatings with improved oxidation resistance, it has become necessary to determine the conditions that lead to spallation of oxides from the surfaces of alloys. In what follows, the morphological features of nonadherent Al2O3, and the substrate surfaces from which the Al2O3 has spalled, are presented and related to oxide spallation.The Al2O3, scales were developed by oxidizing Fe-25Cr-4Al (w/o) and Ni-rich Ni3 (Al,Ta) alloys in air at 1200°C. These scales spalled from their substrates upon cooling as a result of thermally induced stresses. The scales and the alloy substrate surfaces were then examined by scanning and replication electron microscopy.The Al2O3, scales from the Fe-Cr-Al contained filamentary protrusions at the oxide-gas interface, Fig. 1(a). In addition, nodules of oxide have been developed such that cavities were formed between the oxide and the substrate, Fig. 1(a).

Etching of LLDPE and LLDPE/HDPE blends

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 200-201
Author(s):  
M. S. Bischel ◽  
J. M. Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Permanganate ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Narrow Fraction ◽  
Potassium Permanganate Solution ◽  
Commercial Applications ◽  
Microscopy Techniques

Despite its rapidly growing use in commercial applications, the morphology of LLDPE and its blends has not been thoroughly studied by microscopy techniques. As part of a study to examine the morphology of a LLDPE narrow fraction and its blends with HDPE via SEM, TEM and AFM, an appropriate etchant is required. However, no satisfactory recipes could be found in the literature. Mirabella used n-heptane, a solvent for LLDPE, as an etchant to reveal certain morphological features in the SEM, including faint banding in spherulites. A 1992 paper by Bassett included a TEM micrograph of an axialite of LLDPE, etched in a potassium permanganate solution, but no details were given.Attempts to use n-heptane, at 60°C, as an etchant were unsuccessful: depending upon thickness, samples swelled and increased in diameter by 5-10% or more within 15 minutes. Attempts to use the standard 3.5% potassium permanganate solution for HDPE were also unsuccessful: the LLDPE was severely overetched. Weaker solutions were also too severe.

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