scholarly journals Safety and humoral responses to BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination of SARS-CoV-2 previously infected and naive populations

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shai Efrati ◽  
Merav Catalogna ◽  
Ramzia Abu Hamad ◽  
Amir Hadanny ◽  
Adina Bar-Chaim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Vaccine Dose ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Evaluation Procedure ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Infected Population ◽  
Group A ◽  
Humoral Responses

AbstractSince COVID-19 risk of reinfection is of great concern, the safety and efficacy of the mRNA-based vaccines in previously infected populations should be assessed. We studied 78 individuals previously infected with SARS-CoV-19, who received a single dose of BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine, and 1:2 ratio matched infection-naïve cohort who received two injections. The evaluation procedure included symptom monitoring, and serological tests. Among the post-infected population, the median IgG-S response after the first vaccine dose was 3.35 AU, compared to 2.38 AU after the second vaccine injection in the infection naive group. A strong correlation was demonstrated between IgG-S level before vaccination, and the corresponding responses after a single vaccine dose (r = 0.8, p < 0.001) in the post infected population. Short-term severe symptoms that required medical attention were found in 6.8% among the post-infected individuals, while none were found in the infection naïve population. Our data suggest that a single vaccine dose is sufficient to induce an intense immune response in post-infected population regardless of seropositivity. Although some short-term safety issues were observed compared to the infection naïve population, a single dose regimen can be considered safe in post-infected populations.

scholarly journals Safety and Humoral Responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination of Previously Infected and Naive Populations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shai Efrati ◽  
Merav Catalogna ◽  
Ramzia Abu Hamed ◽  
Amir Hadanny ◽  
Adina Bar-Chaim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Vaccine Dose ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Evaluation Procedure ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Infected Population ◽  
Group A ◽  
Humoral Responses

Abstract Since COVID-19 risk of reinfection is of great concern, the safety and efficacy of the mRNA-based vaccines in previously infected populations should be assessed. We studied 78 individuals previously infected with SARS-CoV-19, who received a single dose of BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine, and 1:2 ratio matched infection-naïve cohort who received two injections. The evaluation procedure included symptom monitoring, and serological tests. Among the post-infected population, the median IgG-S response after the first vaccine dose was 2260 AU/ml, compared to 238 AU/ml after the second vaccine injection in the infection naive group. A strong correlation was demonstrated between IgG-S level before vaccination, and the corresponding responses after a single vaccine dose (r = 0.8, p < 0.001) in the post infected population. Short-term severe symptoms that required medical attention were found in 6.8% among the post-infected individuals, while none were found in the infection naïve population. Our data suggest that a single vaccine dose is sufficient to induce an intense immune response in post-infected population regardless of seropositivity. Although some short-term safety issues were observed compared to the infection naïve population, a single dose regimen can be considered safe in post-infected populations.

Technical Basis for Proposed Fifth Revision to ASME Code Case N-513

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dylan Cimock ◽  
Eric J. Houston ◽  
Russell C. Cipolla ◽  
Robert O. McGill
Keyword(s):  
Gate Valve ◽  
Evaluation Procedure ◽  
Straight Pipe ◽  
System Operation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Valve Body ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Asme Code ◽  
Moderate Energy ◽  
Technical Basis

Code Case N-513 provides evaluation rules and criteria for temporary acceptance of flaws, including through-wall flaws, in moderate energy piping. The application of the Code Case is restricted to moderate energy, Class 2 and 3 systems, so that safety issues regarding short-term, degraded system operation are minimized. The first version of the Code Case was published in 1997. Since then, there have been four revisions to augment and clarify the evaluation requirements and acceptance criteria of the Code Case that have been published by ASME. The technical bases for the original version of the Code Case and the four revisions have been previously published [1, 2, and 3]. There is currently work underway to incorporate additional changes to the Code Case and this paper provides the technical basis for the changes proposed in a fifth revision. These changes include clarification for buried piping, investigation of various radii used in the Code Case, removal of the 0.1 limit on the flexibility characteristic for elbow flaw evaluation, and an update of the stress intensity factor parameters for circumferential through-wall flaws. In addition, a new flaw evaluation procedure is given for through-wall flaws in gate valve body ends. This procedure evaluates flaws in the end of the valve body as if in straight pipe. These changes and their technical bases are described in this paper. Clarifications and changes deemed editorial are not documented in this paper.

Effect of short-term use of oral contraceptive pills on intraocular pressure

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tayyaba Gul Malik ◽  
Hina Nadeem ◽  
Eiman Ayesha ◽  
Rabail Alam
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Short Time

Objective: To study the effect of short-term use of oral contraceptive pills on intra-ocular pressures of women of childbearing age.   Methods: It was a comparative observational study, conducted at Arif memorial teaching hospital and Allied hospital Faisalabad for a period of six months. Hundred female subjects were divided into two groups of 50 each. Group A, included females, who had been taking oral contraceptive pills (OCP) for more than 6 months and less than 36 months. Group B, included 50 age-matched controls, who had never used OCP. Ophthalmic and systemic history was taken. Careful Slit lamp examination was performed and intraocular pressures (IOP) were measured using Goldman Applanation tonometer. Fundus examination was done to rule out any posterior segment disease. After collection of data, we analyzed and compared the intra ocular pressures between the two groups by using ANOVA in SPSS version 21.   Results: Average duration of using OCP was 14.9 months. There was no significant difference of Cup to Disc ratios between the two groups (p= 0.109). However, significant difference was noted between the IOP of OCP group and controls. (p=0.000). Conclusion: OCP significantly increase IOP even when used for short time period.

scholarly journals Pharmacokinetic Interactions of Maraviroc with Darunavir-Ritonavir, Etravirine, and Etravirine-Darunavir-Ritonavir in Healthy Volunteers: Results of Two Drug Interaction Trials

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 2290-2296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas N. Kakuda ◽  
Samantha Abel ◽  
John Davis ◽  
Julia Hamlin ◽  
Monika Schöller-Gyüre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Potent Inhibitor ◽  
Cytochrome P450 3A ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Concentration Time ◽  
Crossover Studies

ABSTRACTThe effects of darunavir-ritonavir at 600 and 100 mg twice daily (b.i.d.) alone, 200 mg of etravirine b.i.d. alone, or 600 and 100 mg of darunavir-ritonavir b.i.d. with 200 mg etravirine b.i.d. at steady state on the steady-state pharmacokinetics of maraviroc, and vice versa, in healthy volunteers were investigated in two phase I, randomized, two-period crossover studies. Safety and tolerability were also assessed. Coadministration of 150 mg maraviroc b.i.d. with darunavir-ritonavir increased the area under the plasma concentration-time curve from 0 to 12 h (AUC12) for maraviroc 4.05-fold relative to 150 mg of maraviroc b.i.d. alone. Coadministration of 300 mg maraviroc b.i.d. with etravirine decreased the maraviroc AUC12by 53% relative to 300 mg maraviroc b.i.d. alone. Coadministration of 150 mg maraviroc b.i.d. with etravirine-darunavir-ritonavir increased the maraviroc AUC123.10-fold relative to 150 mg maraviroc b.i.d. alone. Maraviroc did not significantly affect the pharmacokinetics of etravirine, darunavir, or ritonavir. Short-term coadministration of maraviroc with darunavir-ritonavir, etravirine, or both was generally well tolerated, with no safety issues reported in either trial. Maraviroc can be coadministered with darunavir-ritonavir, etravirine, or etravirine-darunavir-ritonavir. Maraviroc should be dosed at 600 mg b.i.d. with etravirine in the absence of a potent inhibitor of cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) (i.e., a boosted protease inhibitor) or at 150 mg b.i.d. when coadministered with darunavir-ritonavir with or without etravirine.

scholarly journals Antibody response to immunization with influenza A/USSR/77 (H1N1) virus in young individuals primed or unprimed for A/New Jersey/76 (H1N1) virus

1981 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Masurel ◽  
P. Ophof ◽  
P. de Jong
Keyword(s):  
New Jersey ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Virus Vaccine ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
H1n1 Virus ◽  
Vaccine Dose ◽  
Booster Vaccination ◽  
Booster Immunization ◽  
Group A

SummaryA group of 269 pupils of the Harbour and Transport Training Institute in Rotterdam (group A), aged 13–20 years, and of 109 patients of the Dr Mr Willem van den Bergh Foundation at Noordwijk (group B), aged 11–21 years, were immunized with a whole virus vaccine containing 10, 20, or 40 μg HA of A/USSR/92/77 (H1N1) influenza virus. A booster vaccination was administered 6 weeks later with 20 μg HA of the same virus. Many of the participants had been immunized during the two preceding years with a whole virus vaccine containing A/New Jersey/8/76 (H1N1) (A/NJ/76) virus. The side-effects, mostly of a moderate nature, increased with the dose of virus in the vaccine. In group A side effects were least frequent in the vaccinees who had never received A/NJ/76 vaccine. A single dose of A/USSR/77 vaccine did not produce satisfactory levels of homologous antibodies. After booster immunization with 20 μg HA of A/USSR/77 virus participants showed a higher homologous antibody response in all vaccine-dose groups if they had not been immunized with A/NJ/76 virus in previous years. After primary and especially after booster immunization with A/USSR/77 virus, a very high response against A/NJ/76 virus and adequate levels of A/NJ/76 antibody were found in participants who had been immunized previously with A/NJ/76 virus. Those who had not been immunized with this virus previously showed no or a very low antibody response to A/NJ/76 virus.

Single Dose of Cholera Vaccine Provides Short-term Protection

JAMA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 315 (24) ◽  
pp. 2656
Author(s):  
Anita Slomski
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Cholera Vaccine ◽  
Short Term

Short-term therapies (CBT and EMDR) for anxiety reactions and states in healthcare professionals

2021 ◽  
pp. 450-458
Author(s):  
Filipp Sergeevich Shturmin ◽  
Zhanna Robertovna Gardanova
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Medical Professionals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Anxiety States ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Group Methods ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
People Group

The relevance of the topic under consideration lies in the need to analyze the effectiveness of short-term methods of psychotherapy to provide prompt psychotherapeutic assistance in dealing with anxiety states and reactions in employees of medical institutions, including during the period of increased stress associated with the spread of the coronavirus infection. The study was conducted on a sample of 60 medical professionals. The experimental group of 30 people was divided into two groups of 15 people (group A and group B) and a control group of 30 people. According to the results of the study, the positive effect of group methods of short-term psychotherapy on reducing the level of anxiety states and reactions in medical professionals was revealed. It was also found that the psychocorrective influence on medical professionals by means of techniques of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing was more effective than by the techniques of cognitive behavioral therapy.

scholarly journals Short-term evaluation of an intra-articular technique for cranial cruciate ligament rupture in dogs using nylon or polyester

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 593
Author(s):  
Tiago Carmagnani Prada ◽  
Anderson Coutinho da Silva ◽  
Bruno Watanabe Minto
Keyword(s):  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
The Other ◽  
Polyester Yarn ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Limb Function ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Ligament Rupture ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture

Cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCrLR) is a common condition found in the small animal routine, being correlated to traumas, obesity, genetic factors, and primary osteoarthritis (OA) in dogs. Affected animals show articular instability that, if not corrected surgically, may cause secondary OA and loss of limb function. The aim of this study was to compare short-term results of the intra-articular technique for knee stabilization after CCrLR using a surgical button associated with polyester yarn (Group A), the surgical button associated with nylon yarn (Group B), and surgical toggle associated with polyester yarn (Group C). Eighteen dogs presenting CCrLR, weight varying from 5 to 35 kg, and different sex and breed were divided into three groups of six individuals. OA radiographic grade, pre- and post-operative lameness, surgical time, and the macroscopic aspect of cartilage were assessed. The intra-articular technique was performed by passing a suture through two tunnels, drilled in the femoral condyle and tibial crest to stabilize the knee joint. Twelve animals presented a decreased lameness and normal limb function after 15 days. On the other hand, four dogs from Group B presented complications: two dogs had suture rupture after 30 days and other two showed muscular contracture with decreased range of motion, followed by loss of limb function. In Group A, one dog showed suture rupture after 15 days and other had suture infection after 30 days. In Group C, dogs recovered normal limb function without complications. Therefore, surgical toggle associated with polyester yarn was better than the other studied materials.

Stress in Music Managers and Artists: Pilot study on Czech and Slovak Students

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-144
Author(s):  
Kateřina Vašíčková ◽  
Andrea Mikotová ◽  
Lucie Šilerová
Keyword(s):  
Time Pressure ◽  
Work Stressors ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Main Work ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Solo Music ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Group A

AbstractThe aim of the presented study was to do a pilot research on the comparison of the incidence of stress in a group of students of music management and art of music. We examined whether artists and music managers differ in the perception of the intensity of stress when playing (working) solo from the intensity when playing (working) in group. Furthermore, we focused on the most common stressors and main stress symptoms among music managers and artists. Total 63 students of music, cultural or art management (average age 28.6 years; 69.8 % were women) and 75 students of art of music (average age 26.7 years; 64 % were women) filled out an online questionnaire in the spring of 2016. The results show that while artists reported higher stress levels when playing solo, music managers reported higher stress levels when working in a group. A closer look showed that while only a few music managers (4,8 %) are intensely stressed when working in a team, a considerable group of artists (26 %) stated that they were most stressed out when playing solo. As their main work stressors artists mentioned blackouts, unpreparedness, and audience, music managers listed flaws in the human factor, time pressure and financial problems. Stress symptoms among artists are mainly physiological and short-term but at the same time intensive, while stress symptoms among music managers are rather long-term and related to psyche, and relationships with others.

Transient impairment or delay of urinary trihydroxypregnanone (THS) response to metyrapone in boys with delayed adolescence and in patients with isolated growth hormone deficiency

1982 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zachmann ◽  
D. Tassinari ◽  
W. Sorgo ◽  
G. U. Exner ◽  
B. Kempken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Growth Hormone Deficiency ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Hormone Deficiency ◽  
Cortisol Response ◽  
Transient Impairment ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract. Twentythree boys with delayed adolescence (age 15.7 ± 2.0, bone age 12.4 ± 2.1 years) were studied. Their cortisol response to insulin was normal. After oral metyrapone (500 mg/m2 by mouth) one to three consecutive 12 h urine samples were collected for analysis of THS. Thirtyseven tests with 37 first, 21 second, and 11 third samples were carried out. The results could be divided into two main groups: 25 tests (group A) were subnormal in the first sample, 12 of them with a very weak (40 ± 8 μg/m2/12 h) and 13 with an insufficient (191 ± 16 μg/m2/12 h) THS response. Values in the second and third sample were higher, indicating a dealyed response. In 12 tests (group B), the results were normal (1016 ± 143 μg/m2/12 h) in the first and lower in the second and third samples. In three patients with repeated tests, there was improvement with increasing bone age. The THS-responses to metyrapone did not correlate with those of growth hormone, gonadotrophins, and TSH to stimuli. It is concluded that the THS-response to a single dose of metyrapone may be temporarily insufficient or delayed in delayed adolescence. We interpret this finding as showing transiently reduced or slow hypothalamic responsiveness.

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