Metabolic flexibility during sleep

AbstractKnown as metabolic flexibility, oxidized substrate is selected in response to changes in the nutritional state. Sleep imposes an extended duration of fasting, and oxidized substrates during sleep were assumed to progressively shift from carbohydrate to fat, thereby gradually decreasing the respiratory quotient (RQ). Contrary to this assumption, whole-room indirect calorimetry with improved time resolution revealed that RQ re-ascended prior to awakening, and nadir of RQ in non-obese young adults occurred earlier in women than men after bedtime. The transient decrease in RQ during sleep was blunted in metabolically inflexible men with smaller amplitude of diurnal rhythm in RQ. Similarly, the effect of 10 years difference in age on RQ became significant during sleep; the decrease in RQ during sleep was blunted in older subjects. Inter-individual difference in RQ become apparent during sleep, and it might serve as a window to gain insight into the early-stage pathogenesis of metabolic inflexibility.

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Young Adults’ Contextualization of Environmental and Sustainability Issues: A Critical Issue for Environmental Education Intervention

Journal of Education in Black Sea Region ◽

10.31578/jebs.v3i1.116 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Anthony KOLA-OLUSANYA

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Environmental Education ◽

Lived Experiences ◽

Critical Issue ◽

Decision Makers ◽

Research Approach ◽

Face To Face ◽

Research Questions ◽

Depth Interviews ◽

Insight Into

As soon as decision makers are expected to make differences towards sustainable future, young adults’ ability to make informed and sound decisions is considered essential towards securing our planet. This study provides an insight into young adults’ knowledge of key environment and sustainability issues. To answer the key research questions, data were obtained using a qualitative phenomenographic research approach and collected through 18 face-to-face in-depth interviews with research participants. The findings of this study suggest that young adults lived experiences that play a huge role in their level of awareness of topical environmental and sustainability issues critical to humanity’s future on earth.

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Care for delirium superimposed on dementia at an early stage

Tijdschrift voor Gerontologie en Geriatrie ◽

10.36613/tgg.1875-6832/2020.04.02 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Behavioral Problems ◽

Healthcare Professionals ◽

Early Stage ◽

Good Care ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Ethical Considerations ◽

Appropriate Care ◽

Adequate Care ◽

Insight Into ◽

Delirium Superimposed On Dementia

Delirium is a common serious complication in dementia that is associated with poor prognosis and a high burden on caregivers and healthcare professionals. Appropriate care is therefore important at an early stage for patients with delirium superimposed on dementia To gain insight into the care of six patients with delirium superimposed on dementia, 19 semi-structured interviews were conducted focused on the experiences of caregivers and professionals. The interviews revealed four themes that appeared to play a role: 1. experiences with and views on behavioral problems of these patients, 2. recognition and diagnosis of delirium in dementia, 3. views on good care and 4. organizational aspects. Knowledge gaps about delirium in dementia, as well as ethical considerations, play an important role in organizing timely and adequate care for patients with delirium superimposed on dementia.

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The Impact of Spaceflight and Microgravity on the Human Islet-1+ Cardiovascular Progenitor Cell Transcriptome

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22073577 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (7) ◽

pp. 3577

Author(s):

Victor Camberos ◽

Jonathan Baio ◽

Ana Mandujano ◽

Aida F. Martinez ◽

Leonard Bailey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Early Stage ◽

Space Station ◽

Cardiovascular Development ◽

Support Cell ◽

Cell Transcriptome ◽

Islet 1 ◽

Life On Earth ◽

The Impact ◽

And Oxidative Stress ◽

Insight Into

Understanding the transcriptomic impact of microgravity and the spaceflight environment is relevant for future missions in space and microgravity-based applications designed to benefit life on Earth. Here, we investigated the transcriptome of adult and neonatal cardiovascular progenitors following culture aboard the International Space Station for 30 days and compared it to the transcriptome of clonally identical cells cultured on Earth. Cardiovascular progenitors acquire a gene expression profile representative of an early-stage, dedifferentiated, stem-like state, regardless of age. Signaling pathways that support cell proliferation and survival were induced by spaceflight along with transcripts related to cell cycle re-entry, cardiovascular development, and oxidative stress. These findings contribute new insight into the multifaceted influence of reduced gravitational environments.

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Locking down behavioural compliance: The role of emotion and emotion regulation in breaches of COVID-19 mitigation measures in Aotearoa New Zealand

Journal of Health Psychology ◽

10.1177/13591053211029994 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 135910532110299

Author(s):

Terise Broodryk ◽

Kealagh Robinson

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Young Adults ◽

New Zealand ◽

Health Behaviours ◽

Mitigation Measures ◽

Aotearoa New Zealand ◽

High Knowledge ◽

The Cost ◽

Insight Into

Although anxiety and worry can motivate engagement with COVID-19 preventative behaviours, people may cognitively reframe these unpleasant emotions, restoring wellbeing at the cost of public health behaviours. New Zealand young adults ( n = 278) experiencing nationwide COVID-19 lockdown reported their worry, anxiety, reappraisal and lockdown compliance. Despite high knowledge of lockdown policies, 92.5% of participants reported one or more policy breaches ( M = 2.74, SD = 1.86). Counter to predictions, no relationships were found between anxiety or worry with reappraisal or lockdown breaches. Findings highlight the importance of targeting young adults in promoting lockdown compliance and offer further insight into the role of emotion during a pandemic.

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Evaluation of IL1β and IL6 Gingival Crevicular Fluid Levels during the Early Phase of Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Adolescents and Young Adults

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11020521 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 521

Author(s):

Simina Chelărescu ◽

Petra Șurlin ◽

Mioara Decusară ◽

Mădălina Oprică ◽

Eugen Bud ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Tooth Movement ◽

Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽

Early Stage ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽

Adolescents And Young Adults ◽

Periodontal Tissues ◽

Crevicular Fluid

Background: The crevicular fluid analysis represents a useful diagnosis tool, with the help of which noninvasive cellular metabolic activity can be analyzed. The aim of the study is to investigate comparatively IL1β and IL6 in the gingival crevicular fluid of clinically healthy adolescents and young adults during the acute phase of orthodontic treatment. Methods: Gingival crevicular fluid was collected from 20 patients (aged between 11 and 28) undergoing orthodontic treatment. Measurements were taken before (T0) and after 24 h after distalization forces were activated (T1). IL1β and IL 6 were analyzed using Elisa tests. The statistical tests used were two-sided t tests. Results: Between the two time periods there was a significant raise both in the crevicular fluid rate (0.57 µL at T0 vs. 0.95 µL at T1, p = 0.001) and in IL1β levels (15.67 pg/µL at T0 vs. 27.94 pg/µL at T1, p = 0.009). We were able to identify IL6 only in a third of the sites. There is a significantly increased level of ILβ at T1 in adolescents, more than in young adults (42.96 pg/µL vs. 17.93 pg/µL, p = 0.006). Conclusions: In the early stage of orthodontic treatment, the periodontal tissues of adolescents are more responsive to orthodontic forces than those of young adults.

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Clapping in Time With Feedback Relates Pervasively With Other Rhythmic Skills of Adolescents and Young Adults

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.1177/00315125211000867 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 003151252110008

Author(s):

Silvia Bonacina ◽

Jennifer Krizman ◽

Travis White-Schwoch ◽

Trent Nicol ◽

Nina Kraus

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Broad Spectrum ◽

Adolescents And Young Adults ◽

School Age Children ◽

School Age ◽

Time Task ◽

Insight Into

Rhythmic expertise is a multidimensional skill set with clusters of distinct rhythmic abilities. For example, the ability to clap in time with feedback relates extensively to distinct beat- and pattern-based rhythmic skills in school-age children. In this study we aimed to determine whether clapping in time would relate to both beat- and pattern- based rhythmic tasks among adolescents and young adults. We assessed our participants on seven tasks: two beat-based tasks (Metronome and Tempo adaptation), two pattern-based tasks (Reproducing rhythmic patterns and Remembering rhythmic patterns), a self-paced drumming task, a task of drumming to a music beat, and a clapping in time task. We found that clapping in time correlated with all other rhythmic tasks, even though some were not mutually related to one another. These results provide insight into the taxonomy of rhythmic skills and support the practice of clapping in time with feedback as a means of developing broad spectrum rhythmic abilities.

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Disengaged and Uninformed: 2000 Presidential Election Coverage in Consumer Magazines Popular with Young Adults

Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly ◽

10.1177/107769900308000303 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 80 (3) ◽

pp. 513-527 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Tom Reichert ◽

James E. Mueller ◽

Michael Nitz

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Presidential Election ◽

Political System ◽

Political Information ◽

The Political ◽

General Interest ◽

Low Level ◽

Men's Magazines ◽

Election Coverage ◽

Insight Into

This study examines content and tone of political information in five leading general interest and lifestyle magazines from December 1999 through November 2000. The analysis revealed a low level of political information in the selected magazines. With the exception of Rolling Stone and Glamour, the nature of coverage was strategy oriented and superficial, while the tone was mostly cynical in men's magazines, yet favorable toward Gore. The results provide a glimpse of the political information available for typical young adults and insight into the apathetic attitudes of young adults toward the American political system.

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A Tsunami of Love: Overcoming the Violence of Curiosity—The Lived Experiences of Young Adults Born with Variations of Sex Characteristics

International Journal of Feminist Approaches to Bioethics ◽

10.3138/ijfab-14.2.02 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 11-35

Author(s):

Eva De Clercq

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽

Quality Care ◽

Phenomenological Analysis ◽

Sex Characteristics ◽

Health Providers ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Patient Centered ◽

Medical Settings ◽

Insight Into

This study provides insight into the experiences of young adults born with variations of sex characteristics to identify aspects of care and social support that need improvement. Semi-structured interviews with intersex youths in Switzerland were analyzed using interpretative, phenomenological analysis. Young adults desire timely, patient-centered information about their diagnoses. Peer support is key to delivering high-quality care but rarely systematically implemented. Intersex youth often face misrepresentation, stigma, and discrimination in medical settings and in society. Increased visibility alone cannot tackle these issues, but a feminist curiosity of care will enable health providers and society to overcome preconceptions of body normativity.

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On the use of jerk and snap in condition monitoring of machinery – review and case studies

Insight - Non-Destructive Testing and Condition Monitoring ◽

10.1784/insi.2021.63.8.457 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 63 (8) ◽

pp. 457-464

Author(s):

S Lahdelma

Keyword(s):

Condition Monitoring ◽

Large Scale ◽

Early Stage ◽

Time Derivative ◽

Additional Insight ◽

Rolling Bearings ◽

Monitoring Applications ◽

Derivatives Of ◽

Insight Into ◽

Peak Value

The time derivatives of acceleration offer a great advantage in detecting impact-causing faults at an early stage in condition monitoring applications. Defective rolling bearings and gears are common faults that cause impacts. This article is based on extensive real-world measurements, through which large-scale machines have been studied. Numerous laboratory experiments provide additional insight into the matter. A practical solution for detecting faults with as few features as possible is to measure the root mean square (RMS) velocity according to the standards in the frequency range from 10 Hz to 1000 Hz and the peak value of the second time derivative of acceleration, ie snap. Measuring snap produces good results even when the upper cut-off frequency is as low as 2 kHz or slightly higher. This is valuable information when planning the mounting of accelerometers.

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