scholarly journals Resolving early obesity leads to a cardiometabolic profile within normal ranges at 23 years old in a two-decade prospective follow-up study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina Correa-Burrows ◽  
José Rogan ◽  
Estela Blanco ◽  
Patricia East ◽  
Betsy Lozoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Recent Onset ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Normal Ranges ◽  
Bmi Trajectories ◽  
Cardiometabolic Profile

AbstractObesity is the most important predisposing factor for cardiovascular disease and type-2 diabetes. We explored the relationship between the age at onset of obesity and selected cardiometabolic parameters in young adults. Longitudinal study of n = 1,039 participants (48% males) in their early twenties. BMI was measured at birth, 1–5–10–12–14–16–23 years. BMI trajectories were interpolated. Five groups were identified: never obese (never-OB); early childhood obesity transitioning to non-obesity before adolescence (former-OB); obesity starting in preadolescence transitioning to non-obesity as adolescents (transient-OB); obesity from adolescence into early adulthood (recent-onset-OB); participants who were obese in early childhood and remained obese into adulthood (persistent-OB). Waist circumference (WC), blood pressure, lipids, glucose, and insulin were measured at 23 years. HOMA-IR and the Metabolic Syndrome Risk Z-Score were estimated. In the sample, 47% were obese during at least one time-point. Mean obesity duration was 20.7 years, 8.5 years, 6.2 years, and 3.3 years in persistent-OBs, recent-onset-OBs, former-OBs, and transient-OBs, respectively. The cardiometabolic profile was more adverse in recent-onset-OBs (12%) and persistent-OBs (15%) compared to never-OB participants (53%). Although former-OBs (15%) and transient-OBs (4%) had higher WC values than never-OBs, no differences were seen in other biomarkers. Both persistent and recent-onset obesity led to a cardiometabolic profile of risk in early adulthood, as suggested by values of WC, HOMA-IR, and hs-CRP above normal limits and HDL-chol values below normal limits. Participants who had obesity in early childhood or preadolescence but transitioned to a non-obesity status had a cardiometabolic profile similar to participants who were never obese and within normal limits. Obesity leads to risky values in a number of cardiometabolic biomarkers in young adulthood independent of age at obesity onset. Likewise, overcoming obesity during the pediatric age leads to a cardiometabolic profile within normal ranges at 23 years of age.

Age at onset of walking affects bone mineral content in early childhood

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saara Valkama ◽  
Heli Viljakainen ◽  
Elisa Holmlund-Suila ◽  
Jenni Rosendahl ◽  
Helena Hauta-alus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Bone Mineral Content ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Age At Onset

scholarly journals Very similar cardiometabolic profile in the moderate and high cardiovascular risk classes: a population-based study

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Chlabicz ◽  
J Jamolkowski ◽  
W Laguna ◽  
P Sowa ◽  
M Paniczko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Public Institution ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiometabolic Profile

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): Medical University of Bialystok, Poland Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major, worldwide problem and remain the dominant cause of premature mortality in the word. Simultaneously the metabolic syndrome is a growing problem. The aim of this study was to investigate the cardiometabolic profile among cardiovascular risk classes, and to estimate CV risk using various calculators. Methods The longitudinal, population-based study, was conducted in 2017-2020. A total of 931 individuals aged 20-79 were included. Anthropometric and biochemical profiles were measured according to a standardized protocols. The study population was divided into CV risk classes according to the latest recommendation. Comparisons variables between subgroups were conducted using Dwass-Steele-Critchlow-Fligner test. To estimate CV risk were used: the  Systematic Coronary Risk Estimation system, Framingham Risk Score and LIFEtime-perspective model for individualizing CardioVascular Disease prevention strategies in apparently healthy people (LIFE-CVD). Results The mean age was 49.1± 15.5 years, 43.2% were male. Percentages of low-risk, moderate-risk, high-risk and very-high CV risk were 46.1%, 22.8%, 13.5%, 17.6%, respectively. Most of the analyzed anthropometric, body composition and laboratory parameters did not differ between the moderate and high CV risk participants, whereas the low risk group differed significantly. In the moderate and high-risk groups, abdominal distribution of adipose tissue dominated with significantly elevated parameters of insulin resistance. Interestingly, estimating lifetime risk of myocardial infarction, stroke or CV death using LIFE-CVD calculator yielded similar results in moderate and high CV risk classes. Conclusion The participants belonging to moderate and high CV risk classes have a very similar unfavorable cardiometabolic profile which may result in the similar lifetime CV risk. This may imply the need for more aggressive pharmacological and non-pharmacological management of CV risk factors in the moderate CV risk population. It would be advisable to consider combining the moderate and high risk classes into one high CV risk class, or it may be worth adding one of the parameters of abdominal fat distribution to the CV risk calculators as an expression of increased insulin resistance. Abstract Figure 1.

scholarly journals Born with low birth weight in rural Southern India: what are the metabolic consequences 20 years later?

2012 ◽  
Vol 166 (4) ◽  
pp. 647-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nihal Thomas ◽  
Louise G Grunnet ◽  
Pernille Poulsen ◽  
Solomon Christopher ◽  
Rachaproleu Spurgeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

ObjectiveLow birth weight (LBW) is common in the Indian population and may represent an important predisposing factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and the metabolic syndrome. Intensive metabolic examinations in ethnic LBW Asian Indians have been almost exclusively performed in immigrants living outside India. Therefore, we aimed to study the metabolic impact of being born with LBW in a rural non-migrant Indian population.Subjects and methodsOne hundred and seventeen non-migrant, young healthy men were recruited from a birth cohort in a rural part of south India. The subjects comprised 61 LBW and 56 normal birth weight (NBW) men, with NBW men acting as controls. Subjects underwent a hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamp, i.v. and oral glucose tolerance tests and a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan. The parents' anthropometric status and metabolic parameters were assessed.ResultsMen with LBW were shorter (167±6.4 vs 172±6.0 cm,P<0.0001), lighter (51.9±9 vs 55.4±7 kg,P=0.02) and had a reduced lean body mass (42.1±5.4 vs 45.0±4.5 kg,P=0.002) compared with NBW controls. After adjustment for height and weight, the LBW subjects had increased diastolic blood pressure (77±6 vs 75±6 mmHg,P=0.01). Five LBW subjects had impaired glucose tolerance.In vivoinsulin secretion and peripheral insulin action were similar in both the groups. Mothers of the LBW subjects were 3 cm shorter than the control mothers.ConclusionOnly subtle features of the metabolic syndrome and changes in body composition among LBW rural Indians were found. Whether other factors such as urbanisation and ageing may unmask more severe metabolic abnormalities may require a long-term follow-up.

scholarly journals Cyclosporine-Associated Leukoencephalopathy in a Case of Sympathetic Ophthalmitis

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mizuki Tagami ◽  
Atsushi Azumi
Keyword(s):  
Trough Level ◽  
Immunosuppressive Agent ◽  
Cortical Blindness ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Normal Ranges ◽  
Sympathetic Ophthalmitis ◽  
Reversible Encephalopathy

Purpose: Cyclosporine (CsA) is currently widely used as a primary immunosuppressive agent in ocular disease, particularly in severe uveitis. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a significant complication of CsA therapy. However, there are no reports of the occurrence of PRES in response to the treatment of uveitis in the ophthalmological area. Case Presentation: We report a case with CsA-associated PRES. A 70-year-old woman with sympathetic ophthalmitis was treated with 50 mg/day of CsA for 1 week. However, the trough level in her blood was too low; thus, we increased the dose to 100 mg/day of CsA with prednisolone. She had headaches, hypertension (systolic blood pressure 180-200 mm Hg), loss of consciousness for several hours, and reduced limb movement, and her MRI showed a high signal intensity in both posterior lobes, consistent with PRES. Examination of the cerebrospinal fluid indicated that it was within normal limits. Her CsA trough level in the blood was within normal ranges on the day of the attack. Her symptoms gradually improved over the next several days; however, she presented with cortical blindness, which lasted for several weeks. Finally, she returned to her baseline values from before the attack. Her MRI findings showed that PRES had essentially disappeared. Conclusion: PRES is not directly associated with the dosage of CsA administered; however, in general, it is well known that PRES can affect strongly immunosuppressed cases undergoing organ and bone marrow transplantation. Nevertheless, our CsA dose was only 100 mg (1.8 mg/kg). In this study, we report on the occurrence of PRES after the administration of CsA to treat sympathetic ophthalmia. To our knowledge, PRES can also occur after the administration of a small dose of CsA; thus, ophthalmologists using CsA should carefully observe the systemic conditions of CsA-treated patients.

Components of the Metabolic Syndrome in Early Childhood in Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants

2014 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miranda de Jong ◽  
Harrie N. Lafeber ◽  
Anneke Cranendonk ◽  
Mirjam M. van Weissenbruch
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Early childhood BMI trajectories in monogenic obesity due to leptin, leptin receptor, and melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (9) ◽  
pp. 1602-1609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Kohlsdorf ◽  
Adriana Nunziata ◽  
Jan-Bernd Funcke ◽  
Stephanie Brandt ◽  
Julia von Schnurbein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Monogenic Obesity ◽  
Melanocortin 4 Receptor ◽  
Bmi Trajectories

Agenesis of Corpus Callosum and Dementia of the Alzheimer'S Type: a review and Case Report

1994 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 429-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie Rasgon ◽  
Jambur Ananth ◽  
Ismael Mena ◽  
Boyd Krout ◽  
Kyle Boone
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Incidental Finding ◽  
Neuropsychological Testing ◽  
Normal Functioning ◽  
Agenesis Of Corpus Callosum ◽  
Recent Onset ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Clinical Interest ◽  
Spect Scan ◽  
Tomography Scan

This paper describes a previously sufficiently functioning 57 year old man who presented with a recent onset of frontal behaviour. Partial agenesis of corpus callosum was an incidental finding on a computerized tomography scan. The EEG was within normal limits and neuropsychological testing did not reveal any interhemispheric disconnection. A SPECT-Scan revealed bilateral hypoperfusion, consistent with Alzheimer's dementia. Normal functioning up to 50 years of age and a later manifestation of Alzheimer's disease along with agenesis of carpus callosum is of clinical interest as such an association has not been published.

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