Positive association between actinic keratosis and internal malignancies: a nationwide population-based cohort study

AbstractLittle is known about the comorbidities in actinic keratosis patients. To evaluate the association of actinic keratosis with certain malignancies. All patients with actinic keratosis (n = 61,438) and age- and sex-matched control subjects (n = 307,190) at a 5:1 ratio were enrolled using data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service between the years 2007 and 2014. In subjects with actinic keratosis, overall cancer incidence was higher than that for controls after income level, habitat, diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia were adjusted (Hazard Ratio [HR] = 1.43 [95% confidence interval 1.38–1.47]). The positive association of specific cancers were observed in the following order: skin cancer (HR = 3.43 [2.47–4.75]), oral cavity and pharyngeal cancer (HR = 1.99 [1.57–2.52]), lymphoma (HR = 1.59 [1.28–1.96]), leukemia (HR = 1.35 [1.03–1.77]), prostate cancer (HR = 1.35 [1.21–1.51]), renal cancer (HR = 1.29 [1.02–1.63]), liver cancer (HR = 1.21 [1.09–1.35]), thyroid cancer (HR = 1.20 [1.05–1.38]), and gastric cancer (HR = 1.13 [1.03–1.23]). Although further research on pathologic mechanism is needed, the implications of a positive correlation between actinic keratosis and internal organ malignancies has great significance.

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Positive association of Parkinson’s disease with ankylosing spondylitis: a nationwide population-based study

Journal of Translational Medicine ◽

10.1186/s12967-020-02629-w ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Fu-Chiang Yeh ◽

Hsiang-Cheng Chen ◽

Yu-Ching Chou ◽

Cheng-Li Lin ◽

Chia-Hung Kao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽

Cox Model ◽

Positive Association ◽

Underlying Mechanism ◽

Population Based ◽

Neurodegenerative Process ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Using Data

Abstract Background Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is characterized by excessive production of inflammatory cytokines. Recent evidence suggests that inflammation underlies the neurodegenerative process of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Whether AS has an influence on the development of PD is unclear. We aimed to examine a relationship, if any exists between AS and PD. Methods A population-based matched cohort study was performed using data from the 2000–2010 Taiwan National Health Insurance database. 6440 patients with AS and 25,760 randomly selected, age- and sex-matched controls were included in this study. The risk of PD in the AS cohort was evaluated by using a Cox model. Results This study revealed a positive association between AS and the risk of PD regardless of sex and age (aHR 1.75, p < .001). Particularly, AS cohort to non-AS cohort relative risk of PD significantly increased for the patients aged below 49 and above 65 years (aHR 4.70, p < .001; aHR 1.69, p < .001, respectively) and the patients with and without comorbidities (aHR 1.61, p < .001; aHR 2.71, p < .001, respectively). Furthermore, NSAID use was associated with lower risk of PD (aHR 0.69, p < .05). However, the risk of PD was higher (aHR 2.40, p < .01) in patients with AS receiving immunosuppressants than in those not receiving (aHR 1.70, p < .001). Conclusions Patients with AS had an increased risk of PD which might be related to underlying chronic inflammation. Further research is required to elucidate the underlying mechanism.

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Second primary malignancies in gastric cancer: A U.S. population-based study.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2015.33.3_suppl.191 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 33 (3_suppl) ◽

pp. 191-191

Author(s):

Binay Kumar Shah ◽

Amit Khanal

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Prostate Cancer ◽

Gastric Cancer ◽

Thyroid Cancer ◽

Myeloid Leukemia ◽

Population Based ◽

Second Primary ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Gastrointestinal Malignancies ◽

Second Primary Malignancies

191 Background: Risk of second primary malignancies (SPM) is not known in gastric cancer. In this population based study, we analyzed rates of SPM in gastric cancer. Methods: We selected adult (≥18 years) patients with gastric cancer as first primary malignancy diagnosed from January 1992 to December 2011 from Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Result 13 database. We used SEER*stat’s multiple primary standardized incidence ratio (MP-SIR) session to calculate the risk of SPM diagnosed 6 months after the diagnosis of index gastric cancer. Results: Among 31,818 patients with first primary gastric cancer, 1674 (5.26%) developed 1,839 SPM with observed/expected (O/E) ratio of 1.09 (95% CI = 1.05-1.15, p<0.0001) and excess risk of 16.15 per 10,000 population. The median time to first SPM from the time of diagnosis of stomach cancer was 49 months (range 6 months to 19.08 years). There was significantly increased risk of gastrointestinal malignancies [O/E ratio 1.65 (CI=1.53-1.79, p<0.001)], thyroid cancer [O/E ratio 1.98 (CI=1.32-2.84, p<0.01)] and myeloid leukemia [O/E ratio 1.47(CI=1-2.09, p<0.05)]. Interestingly, there was significantly decreased risk of melanoma, breast cancer and prostate cancer. Conclusions: Our study showed that patients with gastric cancer are at higher risk of gastrointestinal malignancies, thyroid cancer and myeloid leukemia. Similarly, risk of melanoma, breast cancer and prostate cancer in patients with gastric cancer is lower than general population.

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Association between height and the risk of primary brain malignancy in adults: A nationwide population-based cohort study

Neuro-Oncology Advances ◽

10.1093/noajnl/vdab098 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Stephen Ahn ◽

Kyungdo Han ◽

Jung Eun Lee ◽

Sin-Soo Jeun ◽

Yong Moon Park ◽

...

Keyword(s):

National Health ◽

Asian Population ◽

Population Based ◽

Health Examination ◽

National Health Insurance System ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Icd 10 ◽

Korean National Health Insurance ◽

Using Data ◽

Brain Malignancy

Abstract Purpose The association between height and the risk of developing primary brain malignancy remains unclear. We evaluated the association between height and risk of primary brain malignancy based on a nationwide population-based database of Koreans. Methods Using data from the Korean National Health Insurance System cohort, 6,833,744 people over 20 years of age that underwent regular national health examination were followed from January 2009 until the end of 2017. We documented 4,771 cases of primary brain malignancy based on an ICD-10 code of C71 during the median follow-up period of 7.30 years and 49,877,983 person-years. Results When dividing the population into quartiles of height for each age group and sex, people within the highest height quartile had a significantly higher risk of brain malignancy, compared to those within the lowest height quartile (HR 1.21 CI 1.18–1.32) after adjusting for potential confounders. We also found that the risk of primary brain malignancy increased in proportion with the quartile increase in height. After analyzing subgroups based on older age (≥ 65) and sex, we found positive relationships between height and primary brain malignancy in all subgroups. Conclusions This study is the first to suggest that height is associated with increased risk of primary brain malignancy in the East-Asian population. Further prospective and larger studies with precise designs are needed to validate our findings.

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POLYMORPHISM OF THE TP53 GENE IN PATIENTS WITH GASTRIC CANCER IN PROSPECTIVE AND CLINICAL CASE-CONTROL STUDIES

Siberian Journal of Oncology ◽

10.21294/1814-4861-2018-17-3-41-50 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 41-50

Author(s):

A. V. Belkovets ◽

S. A. Kurilovich ◽

V. N. Maksimov ◽

Yu. I. Ragino ◽

L. V. Scherbakova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastric Cancer ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Tp53 Gene ◽

Population Based ◽

Case Control ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Gastric Cancer Patients ◽

Age And Sex ◽

Development Of Gastric Cancer

Background.A functionally significant TP53Arg72Pro polymorphism can contribute to the development of gastric cancer (GC).The aim:to study the associations of genotypes and alleles of the TP53Arg72Pro 4 polymorphism with GC and biomarkers of gastric ucosal atrophy in population-based prospective and case-control clinical trials among the population of Siberia.Material and methods.As a part of the epidemiological study, data of the international multicenter HAPIEE project for 2003–05, based on a population sample of residents of Novosibirsk city (serum and DNA samples) and data of the population-based registry of GC (2012) were compared. Gastric cancer patients were matched by age and sex to HAPIEE population controls. A total of 156 serum samples (GC – 52, control – 104) and 146 DNA samples (GC – 50, control – 96) were available for prospective analysis. DNA samples from 80 gastric cancer patients (45 men and 35 women, mean age 61.0 ± 13.4 years) and from 87 age-and sex-matched controls were analyzed. DNA samples from venous blood were genotyped according to standard methods. Serum samples were tested using diagnostic kit for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to determine the levels of pepsinogen I (PGI), PGII, PGI/PGII ratio, gastrin-17 and IgG antibodies to H. pylori.Results.No differences in genotype and allele frequencies of the TP53 gene between the case group and the control group were found. A decreased frequency of the Pro allele in female gastric cancer patients compared with controls indicated that the Pro allele is protective against the development of gastric cancer, but this effect was not observed in male patients. No associations of TP53 genotypes with the risk of diffuse or intestinal gastric cancer, as well as with the age and sex of patients were found. A high frequency of genotypes with the Pro allele in patients with stage III–IV gastric cancer indicated the relationship between Arg/Pro TR53 and tumor progression, in particular, the contribution of the minor Pro allele to the unfavorable prognosis. A prospective study showed high risk of reducing the level of pepsinogen for assessing predisposition to gastric cancer.Conclusion.Two case-control studies (population and clinical) conducted in the Western Siberia found no relationship between the TP53Arg72Pro polymorphism and the risk of gastric cancer. However, the TP53 genotype with a rare Pro allele was associated with atrophic gastritis and severity of gastric cancer.

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Digital rectal examination and its associated factors in the early detection of prostate cancer: a cross-sectional population-based study

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-019-7946-z ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Samara Carollyne Mafra Soares ◽

Marianna de Camargo Cancela ◽

Arn Migowski ◽

Dyego Leandro Bezerra de Souza

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Prostate Cancer ◽

Health Insurance ◽

Early Detection ◽

Health Services ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Private Health Insurance ◽

Digital Rectal Examination ◽

Positive Association ◽

Population Based

Abstract Background Digital rectal examination (DRE) is one of the most common strategies for prostate cancer early detection. However, the use for screening purposes has a controversial benefit and potential harms can occur due to false-positive results, overdiagnosis and overtreatment. The objective of this study is to calculate the prevalence and identify factors associated with the receipt of DRE in Brazilian men. Methods We selected men older than 40 from a nationwide population-based survey (13,625 individuals) excluding those with prostate cancer diagnosis. Information was extracted from the most recent database of the Brazilian National Health Survey (PNS 2013). Statistical analysis was carried out to calculate incidence rate ratios, with 95% confidence intervals and p values, through multivariate analysis with Poisson regression and robust variance. Results Men having private health insurance (63.3%; CI = 60.5–66.0) presented higher prevalence of DRE than those in the public health system (41.6%; CI = 39.8–43.4). The results show a positive association between DRE and men having private health insurance, aged 60–69, living with a spouse, never smokers, and living in urban areas. Among public health services users, this positive association was observed among men aged 70–79, living with a spouse, having bad/very bad health self-perception, abstainers, ex-smokers, with undergraduate studies, presenting four or more comorbidities, and residing in urban areas. Conclusions Prostate cancer screening with DRE is quite frequent in Brazil, specially among men with private health plans and better access to health services, healthier lifestyle and at more advanced ages, characteristics which increase the risk of overdiagnosis and overtreatment.

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Abstract 15230: Sex and Racial Differences in Normative Reference Ranges and Healthy Aging on Diastolic Function in Ethnic Asians: 2016 Ase Guideline Revisited

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.142.suppl_3.15230 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽

Author(s):

Sheng Nan Chang ◽

Kuo-Tzu Sung ◽

Wen-Hung Huang ◽

Jou-Wei Lin ◽

Shih-Chieh Chien ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diastolic Dysfunction ◽

Racial Differences ◽

Reference Values ◽

Healthy Aging ◽

Population Based ◽

Advanced Age ◽

Healthy Population ◽

Reference Ranges ◽

Using Data ◽

Age And Sex

Introduction: However, the reference ranges for echocardiography might be varying due to ethnicity, gender and age. Therefore, the normal reference ranges obtained from the healthy Asians are important for clinical utility of echocardiography in Asia. Methods: Population-based echocardiography dataset from 6,023 healthy ethnic Asians (47.1±10.9 years, 61.3% men) were divided into 6 age decades: ≤29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69 and ≥70 years. We explored age- and sex-related structural/functional alterations according to 2016 American Society of Echocardiography (ASE) diastolic dysfunction (DD) criteria and their correlates with clinical N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) cut-off for heart failure (HF). Racial comparisons were made using data from London Life Sciences Prospective Population (LOLIPOP) study. Results: Age- and sex-based normative reference ranges (including mean, median, 10% and 90% lower and upper reference values) were extracted from our large healthy population. In fully adjusted models, advanced age (treated as linear) was independently associated with cardiac structural remodeling and worsened diastolic parameters: larger indexed LA volume (LAVi), lower e’, higher E/e’, and higher TR velocity; all p <0.001), and were broadly more prominent in women (P interaction : <0.05). in general, markedly lower e’, higher E/e’ and smaller LAVi were observed in ethnic Asians compared to Whites. DD defined by 2016 ASE criteria, despite at low prevalence (0.42%) in current healthy population, increased drastically with advanced age and performed perfectly in excluding abnormal NT-proBNP (≥125 pg/ml) (Specificity: 99.8%, NPV: 97.6%). Conclusions: This is to date the largest cohort exploring the normative reference values using guideline-centered diastolic parameters from healthy Asians, with senescence process played as central role in diastolic dysfunction. Observed sex and ethnic differences in defining healthy diastolic cut-offs likely impact future clinical definition for DD.

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The Nordic Nutrition Recommendations and prostate cancer risk in the Cancer of the Prostate in Sweden (CAPS) study

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980012000778 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 15 (10) ◽

pp. 1897-1908 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Elisabeth Möller ◽

Carlotta Galeone ◽

Hans-Olov Adami ◽

Jan Adolfsson ◽

Therese M-L Andersson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Risk Score ◽

Genetic Risk ◽

Genetic Risk Score ◽

Prostate Cancer Risk ◽

Positive Association ◽

Population Based ◽

Lifestyle Factors ◽

Cancer Of The Prostate ◽

Nordic Nutrition Recommendations

AbstractObjectiveThe Nordic Nutrition Recommendations (NNR) aim at preventing diet-associated diseases such as cancer in the Nordic countries. We evaluated adherence to the NNR in relation to prostate cancer (PC) in Swedish men, including potential interaction with a genetic risk score and with lifestyle factors.DesignPopulation-based case–control study (Cancer of the Prostate in Sweden (CAPS), 2001–2002). Using data from a semi-quantitative FFQ, we created an NNR adherence score and estimated relative risks of PC by unconditional logistic regression. Individual score components were modelled separately and potential modifying effects were assessed on the multiplicative scale.SettingFour regions in the central and northern parts of Sweden.SubjectsIncident PC patients (n 1386) and population controls (n 940), frequency-matched on age and region.ResultsNo overall association with PC was found, possibly due to the generally high adherence to the NNR score and its narrow distribution in the study population. Among individual NNR score components, high compared with low intakes of polyunsaturated fat were associated with an increased relative risk of localized PC. No formal interaction with genetic or lifestyle factors was observed, although in stratified analysis a positive association between the NNR and PC was suggested among men with a high genetic risk score but not among men with a medium or low genetic risk score.ConclusionsOur findings do not support an association between NNR adherence and PC. The suggestive interaction with the genetic risk score deserves further investigations in other study populations.

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Group Sequential Methods and Sample Size Savings in Biomarker-Disease Association Studies

Genetics ◽

10.1093/genetics/163.3.1215 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 163 (3) ◽

pp. 1215-1219

Author(s):

R Aplenc ◽

H Zhao ◽

T R Rebbeck ◽

K J Propert

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Association Studies ◽

Positive Association ◽

Early Termination ◽

Group Sequential ◽

Sequential Methods ◽

Cancer Group ◽

Group Sequential Methods ◽

Using Data ◽

Epidemiology Studies

Abstract Molecular epidemiological association studies use valuable biosamples and incur costs. Statistical methods for early genotyping termination may conserve biosamples and costs. Group sequential methods (GSM) allow early termination of studies on the basis of interim comparisons. Simulation studies evaluated the application of GSM using data from a case-control study of GST genotypes and prostate cancer. Group sequential boundaries (GSB) were defined in the EAST-2000 software and were evaluated for study termination when early evidence suggested that the null hypothesis of no association between genotype and disease was unlikely to be rejected. Early termination of GSTM1 genotyping, which demonstrated no association with prostate cancer, occurred in >90% of the simulated studies. On average, 36.4% of biosamples were saved from unnecessary genotyping. In contrast, for GSTT1, which demonstrated a positive association, inappropriate termination occurred in only 6.6%. GSM may provide significant cost and sample savings in molecular epidemiology studies.

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The Importance of Metabolic Syndrome Status for the Risk of Non-Viral Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Nationwide Population-Based Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1072970/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yuri Cho ◽

Eun Ju Cho ◽

Jeong-Ju Yoo ◽

Young Chang ◽

Goh Eun Chung ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Positive Association ◽

Population Based ◽

Cox Regression Analysis ◽

Hazard Ratios ◽

Development Data ◽

Baseline Status ◽

Korean National Health Insurance

Abstract The positive association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been suggested. However, no studies have yet looked at how the risk of developing HCC varies with changes in MetS status. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between changes in MetS and subsequent HCC development. Data were obtained from the Korean National Health Insurance Service. 5,975,308 individuals who participated in health screenings both in 2009–2010 and 2011–2012 were included. Subjects were divided into four groups according to change in MetS status during the two-year interval screening (from 2009 to 2011): sustained non-MetS, transition to MetS, transition to non-MetS, and sustained MetS. Cox regression analysis was used to examine the hazard ratios of HCC. During a median of 7.3 years follow-up, 25,880 incident HCCs were identified. Compared to the sustained non-MetS group, age, sex, smoking, alcohol, regular exercise, and body mass index-adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for HCC development were 1.01 (0.97–1.05) for the transition to MetS group; 1.05 (1.003–1.09) for the transition to non-Met group; and 1.07 (1.03–1.10) for the sustained MetS group. Stratified analyses according to age, sex, smoking, alcohol intake, exercise, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and chronic kidney disease showed similar results. A significantly increased HCC risk was observed in the sustained MetS and transition to non-MetS groups. The baseline status of MetS was associated with the risk of HCC development. Strategies to improve MetS, especially targeting insulin resistance might prevent HCC development.

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Risk Factors of Dermatophytosis in Young Adults: A Nationwide Population-Based Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1236842/v1 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Joon Ho Son ◽

Jee Yun Doh ◽

Kyungdo Han ◽

Yeong Ho Kim ◽

Ju Hee Han ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Large Scale ◽

Fungal Infections ◽

Heavy Drinking ◽

Population Based ◽

Epidemiologic Studies ◽

Lifestyle Modifications ◽

Korean National Health Insurance ◽

Using Data

Abstract Dermatophytosis includes all fungal infections caused by dermatophytes in humans. Some risk factors for the development of subtypes of dermatophytosis have been studied; however, large-scale epidemiologic studies on risk factors for total dermatophytosis are scarce. We investigated the risk factors of dermatophytosis using a nationwide study. Total 4,532,655 subjects with dermatophytosis aged between 20 to 40 years were examined using data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service from 2009 to 2018. Women showed a lower risk of development of dermatophytosis compared to men (hazard ratio [HR], 0.848; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.843–0.853). Subjects with elevated waist circumference (HR, 1.057; 95% CI, 1.048–1.065), heavy drinking (HR, 1.053; 95% CI, 1044–1.061), engaging in mild-to-heavy exercise (HR, 1.071; 95% CI, 1.064–1.077) had a higher risk of dermatophytosis. In addition, subjects with body mass index (BMI) of more than 30 kg/m2 exhibited a higher risk of dermatophytosis (HR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.342–1.378) compared to those with BMIs in the range of 18.5 to 23 kg/m2. In this study, the risk of developing dermatophytosis significantly increased in individuals with elevated waist circumference or high BMI. Lifestyle modifications, including weight management, are suggested to be important in preventing dermatophytosis.

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