scholarly journals Plant-microbe rhizosphere interactions mediated by Rehmannia glutinosa root exudates under consecutive monoculture

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Linkun Wu ◽  
Juanying Wang ◽  
Weimin Huang ◽  
Hongmiao Wu ◽  
Jun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Root Exudates ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Rehmannia Glutinosa ◽  
Qpcr Analysis ◽  
Rhizosphere Interactions ◽  
Significant Growth Inhibition

Abstract Under consecutive monoculture, the biomass and quality of Rehmannia glutinosa declines significantly. Consecutive monoculture of R. glutinosa in a four-year field trial led to significant growth inhibition. Most phenolic acids in root exudates had cumulative effects over time under sterile conditions, but these effects were not observed in the rhizosphere under monoculture conditions. It suggested soil microbes might be involved in the degradation and conversion of phenolic acids from the monocultured plants. T-RFLP and qPCR analysis demonstrated differences in both soil bacterial and fungal communities during monoculture. Prolonged monoculture significantly increased levels of Fusarium oxysporum, but decreased levels of Pseudomonas spp. Abundance of beneficial Pseudomonas spp. with antagonistic activity against F. oxysporum was lower in extended monoculture soils. Phenolic acid mixture at a ratio similar to that found in the rhizosphere could promote mycelial growth, sporulation and toxin (3-Acetyldeoxynivalenol, 15-O-Acetyl-4-deoxynivalenol) production of pathogenic F. oxysporum while inhibiting growth of the beneficial Pseudomonas sp. W12. This study demonstrates that extended monoculture can alter the microbial community of the rhizosphere, leading to relatively fewer beneficial microorganisms and relatively more pathogenic and toxin-producing microorganisms, which is mediated by the root exudates.

scholarly journals Erratum: Corrigendum: Plant-microbe rhizosphere interactions mediated by Rehmannia glutinosa root exudates under consecutive monoculture

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Linkun Wu ◽  
Juanying Wang ◽  
Weimin Huang ◽  
Hongmiao Wu ◽  
Jun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Exudates ◽  
Rehmannia Glutinosa ◽  
Rhizosphere Interactions

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of tuberous root metabolites between cultivated and wild varieties of Rehmannia glutinosa by widely targeted metabolomics

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanqing Zhou ◽  
Luying Shao ◽  
Jialin Zhu ◽  
Huimin Li ◽  
Hongying Duan
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Rehmannia Glutinosa ◽  
Targeted Metabolomics ◽  
Kegg Pathways ◽  
Tuberous Roots ◽  
Comprehensive Development ◽  
Widely Targeted Metabolomics ◽  
Development And Utilization ◽  
Wild Variety

AbstractDifferential metabolites between tuberous roots from cultivated variety (ZP) and wild variety (YS) of Rehmannia glutinosa were analyzed by widely targeted metabolomics, and annotated to KEGG pathways. 228 secondary metabolites (SM) in ZP and YS were detected, of which 58 were differential metabolites (DM), including 41 flavonoids, 10 phenolic acids, 3 terpenoids, 2 alkaloids and 2 others, and 170 were unchanged; Among 58 DMs, 44 (75.9%) were up-regulated in YS, of which 30 were unique to YS, while 14 (24.1%) were down-regulated in YS, of which 10 were unique to ZP; Among flavonoids, 33 (80.5%) were more highly expressed in YS than in ZP; Among phenolic acids, 7 (70%) were more highly expressed in YS than in ZP; 12 of 58 DMs were annotated into 17 types of KEGG pathways. Among them, benzoic acid and p-Coumaryl alcohol were up-regulated in YS, and annotated into 10 pathways (58.8%) and 4 pathways (23.5%), respectively. In addition, much of DMs possess various pharmacological effects. These results indicated better quality of YS than ZP and the necessity of YS domestication. Taken together, this study will provide a reference for the scientific introduction, comprehensive development and utilization of wild Rehmannia glutinosa.

scholarly journals Vineyard ecosystems are structured and distinguished by fungal communities impacting the flavour and quality of wine

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Di Liu ◽  
Qinglin Chen ◽  
Pangzhen Zhang ◽  
Deli Chen ◽  
Kate S. Howell
Keyword(s):  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Wine Fermentation ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Wine Aroma ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Microbial Distribution

AbstractThe flavours of foods and beverages are formed by the agricultural environment where the plants are grown. In the case of wine, the location and environmental features of the vineyard site imprint the wine with distinctive aromas and flavours. Microbial growth and metabolism play an integral role in wine production from the vineyard to the winery, by influencing grapevine health, wine fermentation, and the flavour, aroma and quality of finished wines. The mechanism by which microbial distribution patterns drive wine metabolites is unclear and while flavour has been correlated with bacterial composition for red wines, bacterial activity provides a minor biochemical conversion in wine fermentation. Here, we collected samples across six distinct winegrowing areas in southern Australia to investigate regional distribution patterns of both fungi and bacteria and how this corresponds with wine aroma compounds. Results show that soil and must microbiota distinguish winegrowing regions and are related to wine chemical profiles. We found a strong relationship between microbial and wine metabolic profiles, and this relationship was maintained despite differing abiotic drivers (soil properties and weather/ climatic measures). Notably, fungal communities played the principal role in shaping wine aroma profiles and regional distinctiveness. We found that the soil microbiome is a potential source of grape- and must-associated fungi, and therefore the weather and soil conditions could influence the wine characteristics via shaping the soil fungal community compositions. Our study describes a comprehensive scenario of wine microbial biogeography in which microbial diversity responds to surrounding environments and ultimately sculpts wine aromatic characteristics. These findings provide perspectives for thoughtful human practices to optimise food and beverage flavour and composition through understanding of fungal activity and abundance.

Alleviating Continuous Monocropping Obstacle in Melon: Biological Elimination of Phenolic Acid

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiqin Xie ◽  
Yongli Ku ◽  
Xiangna Yang ◽  
Le Cao ◽  
Xueli Mei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Continuous Cropping ◽  
Soil Microbial

Abstract Background: Melon (Cucumis melo L.) is one of the most important fruit crops grown in China. However, the yield and quality of melon have significantly declined under continuous cropping. Phenolic acids are believed to be associated with the continuous monocropping obstacle (CMO) and can influence plant microbe interactions. Coumaric acid (CA) is one of the major phenolic acids found in melon root exudates. The objectives of this study were to estimate the elimination of CA by the soil bacterium K3 as well as its effects on mitigating melon CMO. CA degradation was investigated by monitoring the CA retained in the growth medium using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The effects of CA and K3 on rhizosphere soil microbial communities were investigated by the spread plate method and Illumina MiSeq sequencing. Furthermore, the effects of CA and K3 on melon seedling growth were measured under potted conditions. The changes in soil enzymes and fruit quality under K3 amendment were examined in a greenhouse experiment. Result:The results suggest that the addition of CA had the same result as the CMO, such as deterioration of the microbial community and slower growth of melon plants. HPLC and microbial analysis showed that K3 had a pronounced ability to decompose CA and could improve the soil microbial community environment. Soil inoculation with K3 agent could significantly improve the fruit quality of melon.Conclusion: Our results show that the effects of K3 in the soil are reflected by changes in populations and diversity of soil microbes and suggest that deterioration of microbial communities in soil might be associated with the growth constraint of melon in continuous monoculture systems.

scholarly journals Total phenolics and phenolic acids content in low (Chrysopogon gryllus) and mediocre quality (Festuca vallesiaca) forage grasses of Deliblato Sands meadow-pasture communities in Serbia

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 54-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Djurdjević ◽  
M. Mitrović ◽  
P. Pavlović ◽  
S. Perišić ◽  
M. Mačukanović-Jocić
Keyword(s):  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Hplc Analysis ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Syringic Acid ◽  
Forage Grasses ◽  
Benzoic Acid Derivatives ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Bound Phenolics

 Chrysopogon gryllus and Festuca vallesiaca are components of a number of meadow-pasture communities in Serbia. We performed the analyses of phenolics that influence quality and digestibility of grasses to a great extent. Total phenolics were measured spectrophotometrically and phenolic acids by HPLC analysis. The aboveground parts of C. gryllus contained 10.6 mg/g whereas F. vallesiaca of 21.6 mg/g total phenolics. Bound phenolics dominated over free ones in both species. The content of both free and bound p-coumaric, ferulic, p-hydroxybenzoic and syringic acid was higher in C. gryllus (6.34 mg/g) than in F. vallesiaca (3.96 mg/g). Derivatives of cinnamic acid prevailed in both species compared to the benzoic acid derivatives. Low quality of C. gryllus is connected with its high tissue phenolic acids and mediocre quality of F. vallesiaca with the high content of total phenolics that act unfavourably on digestibility of such grasses.  

scholarly journals Analysis of Difference in Microbial Community and Physicochemical Indices Between Surface and Central Parts of Chinese Special-Flavor Baijiu Daqu

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanru Chen ◽  
Kaimin Li ◽  
Ting Liu ◽  
Ruyi Li ◽  
Guiming Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Jiangxi Province ◽  
Microbial Structure ◽  
Brewing Process ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Culture Dependent

Special-flavor Baijiu is a unique Baijiu in Jiangxi Province, China, whose uniqueness mainly depends on the unique production process of special-flavor Baijiu Daqu. However, the microbial structure and physicochemical indices of different parts of the special-flavor Baijiu Daqu are still unknown. This greatly reduces the actual value of Daqu in the production of special-flavor Baijiu. Therefore, culture-dependent and Illumina MiSeq sequencing methods were used to analyze the microbial structure of special-flavor Baijiu Daqu. The results indicated that there was a complicated microbial diversity in Chinese special-flavor Baijiu Daqu. The predominant bacterial communities were Bacillales, Lactobacillales, and Rhodospirillales, while Saccharomycetales and Eurotiales were the predominant fungal communities. Significant differences in microbial community and distribution were shown between the surface and central parts of Daqu. Acetobacter and Pichia genera were the predominant microorganisms in the surface part of Daqu, whereas Aspergillus, Kroppenstedtia, Oceanobacillus, and Bacillus genera were the predominant microorganisms in the central part of Daqu. Meantime, the different microbial distributions between the surface and central parts of Daqu caused the significant differences in the physicochemical indices. These results can provide an important theoretical basis for improving the brewing process and the quality of special-flavor Baijiu.

The antidiarrheal efficacy of a proprietary amino acid mixture (enterade) in neuroendocrine tumor (NET) patients: Updated data.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 614-614
Author(s):  
Aman Chauhan ◽  
Rachel C. Miller ◽  
Laura Luque ◽  
Heidi Weiss ◽  
Lowell Brian Anthony
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumor ◽  
Somatostatin Analogs ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Bacterial Overgrowth ◽  
Unknown Primary ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Tumor Patients ◽  
Short Gut Syndrome

614 Background: Diarrhea is a common quality of life limiting symptom seen in neuroendocrine tumor patient. Diarrhea in these patients could be due to excessive serotonin production, secondary to post-operative short gut syndrome, steatorrhea from somatostatin analogs, bile acid colitis or intestinal bacterial overgrowth. In this study we summarize our single center experience with enterade. Methods: Medical records of all the NET patients treated with enterade for symptomatic diarrhea were retrospectively reviewed after appropriate IRB approval. Patients were treated at Markey cancer center between May 2017-June 2019. Results: Total 98 patients were offered enterade. enterade was instructed to be taken as one 8 Oz bottle BID for 1 week. Antidiarrheal efficacy data was available on 49 patients at the time of abstract submission. 37 (75%) patients had GEPNETs, 8 had bronchial NETs, 1 gynecological NET and 3 patients had unknown primary. 28 (57%) patients had history of prior bowel resection either for primary neuroendocrine tumor resection or debulking. 28 (57%) patients were on somatostatin analog at the time of initiation of enterade. 42 (85%) out of 49 patients reported subjective improvement in diarrheal symptoms. 27 (64%) out of these 42 responders reported at least 50 percent reduction in diarrhea frequency. Conclusions: 85% (42/49) neuroendocrine tumor patients reported improvement in diarrhea with enterade. 64% (27/42) reported more than 50% reduction in diarrhea frequency. A prospective Phase II study of enterade in neuroendocrine tumor patients with quality of life limiting diarrhea is currently being conducted (NCT03722511).

Rhizosphere interactions: root exudates, microbes, and microbial communities

Botany ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 267-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing-Feng Huang ◽  
Jacqueline M. Chaparro ◽  
Kenneth F. Reardon ◽  
Ruifu Zhang ◽  
Qirong Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Root Exudates ◽  
Root Exudate ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Rhizosphere Interactions ◽  
Broad Variety ◽  
Sustainable Agricultural Practices ◽  
Made In

The study of the interactions between plants and their microbial communities in the rhizosphere is important for developing sustainable management practices and agricultural products such as biofertilizers and biopesticides. Plant roots release a broad variety of chemical compounds to attract and select microorganisms in the rhizosphere. In turn, these plant-associated microorganisms, via different mechanisms, influence plant health and growth. In this review, we summarize recent progress made in unraveling the interactions between plants and rhizosphere microbes through plant root exudates, focusing on how root exudate compounds mediate rhizospheric interactions both at the plant–microbe and plant–microbiome levels. We also discuss the potential of root exudates for harnessing rhizospheric interactions with microbes that could lead to sustainable agricultural practices.

scholarly journals Tea Plants With Gray Blight Have Altered Root Exudates That Recruit a Beneficial Rhizosphere Microbiome to Prime Immunity Against Aboveground Pathogen Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiaomei Wang ◽  
Ruijuan Yang ◽  
Wenshu Peng ◽  
Yanmei Yang ◽  
Xiaoling Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Root Exudates ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Tea Plants ◽  
Blight Disease ◽  
Rhizosphere Microbial Community

Tea gray blight disease and its existing control measures have had a negative impact on the sustainable development of tea gardens. However, our knowledge of safe and effective biological control measures is limited. It is critical to explore beneficial microbial communities in the tea rhizosphere for the control of tea gray blight. In this study, we prepared conditioned soil by inoculating Pseudopestalotiopsis camelliae-sinensis on tea seedling leaves. Thereafter, we examined the growth performance and disease resistance of fresh tea seedlings grown in conditioned and control soils. Next, the rhizosphere microbial community and root exudates of tea seedlings infected by the pathogen were analyzed. In addition, we also evaluated the effects of the rhizosphere microbial community and root exudates induced by pathogens on the performance of tea seedlings. The results showed that tea seedlings grown in conditioned soil had lower disease index values and higher growth vigor. Soil microbiome analysis revealed that the fungal and bacterial communities of the rhizosphere were altered upon infection with Ps. camelliae-sinensis. Genus-level analysis showed that the abundance of the fungi Trichoderma, Penicillium, and Gliocladiopsis and the bacteria Pseudomonas, Streptomyces, Bacillus, and Burkholderia were significantly (p < 0.05) increased in the conditioned soil. Through isolation, culture, and inoculation tests, we found that most isolates from the induced microbial genera could inhibit the infection of tea gray blight pathogen and promote tea seedling growth. The results of root exudate analysis showed that infected tea seedlings exhibited significantly higher exudate levels of phenolic acids and flavonoids and lower exudate levels of amino acids and organic acids. Exogenously applied phenolic acids and flavonoids suppressed gray blight disease by regulating the rhizosphere microbial community. In summary, our findings suggest that tea plants with gray blight can recruit beneficial rhizosphere microorganisms by altering their root exudates, thereby improving the disease resistance of tea plants growing in the same soil.

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