scholarly journals Can native clonal moso bamboo encroach on adjacent natural forest without human intervention?

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shangbin Bai ◽  
Yixiang Wang ◽  
Richard T. Conant ◽  
Guomo Zhou ◽  
Yong Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Chinese Fir ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Moso Bamboo ◽  
Human Intervention ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Evergreen Broadleaved Forest ◽  
Management Regime ◽  
Moso Bamboo Forest

Abstract Native species are generally thought not to encroach on adjacent natural forest without human intervention. However, the phenomenon that native moso bamboo may encroach on surrounding natural forests by itself occurred in China. To certificate this encroaching process, we employed the transition front approach to monitor the native moso bamboo population dynamics in native Chinese fir and evergreen broadleaved forest bordering moso bamboo forest in Tianmu Mountain Nature Reserve during the period between 2005 and 2014. The results showed that the bamboo front moved toward the Chinese fir/evergreen broadleaved stand with the new bamboo produced yearly. Moso bamboo encroached at a rate of 1.28 m yr−1 in Chinese fir forest and 1.04 m yr−1 in evergreen broadleaved forest, and produced 533/437 new culms hm−2 yr−1 in the encroaching natural Chinese fir/evergreen broadleaved forest. Moso bamboo coverage was increasing while adjacent natural forest area decreasing continuously. These results indicate that native moso bamboo was encroaching adjacent natural forest gradually without human intervention. It should be considered to try to create a management regime that humans could selectively remove culms to decrease encroachment.

scholarly journals Comparison of humus form state in the beech and spruce parts of the Žákova hora National Nature Reserve

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Podrázský
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Tree Species Composition ◽  
Humus Forms ◽  
National Nature Reserve

The paper summarises main ideas concerning the structure of natural forest ecosystems at middle altitudes and documents the changes of humus forms and their chemistry in the natural forest of Žákova hora National Nature Reserve, in typical selected parts with different tree species composition: European beech – Norway spruce. The species composition, age and spatial structure are discussed and analysis of the uppermost soil layer is done in particular parts of the natural forest regeneration cycle, of different stages respectively. We compared the amount and layer composition of surface humus and basic pedochemical characteristics of holorganic and upper mineral horizons. The results document changes in the character of humus forms as a consequence of the tree species change. On the contrary, a high portion of uncertainty as for the species, age and spatial structure follows from discussion about the structure of natural forests at middle altitudes.

scholarly journals Erratum: Erratum: Can native clonal moso bamboo encroach on adjacent natural forest without human intervention?

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shangbin Bai ◽  
Yixiang Wang ◽  
Richard T. Conant ◽  
Guomo Zhou ◽  
Yong Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Forest ◽  
Moso Bamboo ◽  
Human Intervention

scholarly journals Native Plant Diversity and Composition Across a Pinus radiata D.Don Plantation Landscape in South-Central Chile—The Impact of Plantation Age, Logging Roads and Alien Species

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffi Heinrichs ◽  
Aníbal Pauchard ◽  
Peter Schall
Keyword(s):  
Alien Species ◽  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
South Central ◽  
Plantation Age ◽  
Forest Remnants

Alien tree plantations are expanding globally with potential negative effects for native biodiversity. We investigated plant species diversity and composition in a Pinus radiata landscape in south-central Chile, a biodiversity hotspot, by sampling understory vegetation in different plantation age classes, along forest roads and in natural forest remnants in order to find effective conservation measures for native biodiversity. Plantations, including different age classes and roadsides, maintained high native species richness at the landscape scale but supported a completely different community composition than natural forests. Thus, natural forest remnants must be conserved as plantations cannot replace them. Certain natural forest species occurred frequently in mature plantations and can represent starting points for retaining natural elements in plantations. Generalist native and alien species benefited from plantation management, mainly in young plantations and along roadsides. Stand maturation and a closed canopy, though, reduced alien species occurrences within plantations. Along roads, shade-tolerant aliens should be monitored and removed as they can potentially invade natural forests. Native species conservation in plantations requires a holistic approach of the full mosaic of land uses including the protection of remaining natural forests, alien species monitoring along roadsides and patches with continuous canopy cover to reduce pressure by alien species.

scholarly journals Seed rain and soil seed banks in Chinese fir plantations and an adjacent natural forest in southern China: implications for the regeneration of native species

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Liu ◽  
Qingqing Liu ◽  
Chenxi Zhu ◽  
Zhigang Liu ◽  
Zhijun Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
Seed Rain ◽  
Chinese Fir ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Soil Seed Banks ◽  
Mixed Plantation

The natural regeneration of native broadleaved species underneath forest monoculture plantations is important to recover ecosystem functions and to mitigate adverse environmental effects. To understand how seed rain and soil seed banks facilitate natural regeneration, we surveyed their density and composition in a monoculture Chinese fir plantation, a mixed Chinese fir–broadleaf plantation, and an adjacent natural broadleaved forest for two years in southern China. Twenty-eight species (16 families) were in seed rain, and 45 species (27 families) were in soil seed banks. Seed rain density did not differ significantly across stands; however, the number of taxa in seed rain was highest in the mixed plantation and lowest in the natural forest. Seed bank density was significantly higher in the mixed plantation than in the other stands. The Sørensen similarity indices of species composition between seed sources and aboveground vegetation were relatively low (<0.50). In addition, the seeds of native tree species common to the seed banks of the three forests indicated the adjacent natural forest was a seed source for the natural regeneration of native species in forest plantations. To augment regeneration and accelerate the rate of conversion, we recommend direct seeding or planting of desired species.

scholarly journals Comparison of Soil Properties, Understory Vegetation Species Diversities and Soil Microbial Diversities between Chinese Fir Plantation and Close-to-Natural Forest

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 632
Author(s):  
Lingyu Hou ◽  
Yongqiang Zhang ◽  
Zhichao Li ◽  
Guodong Shao ◽  
Liguo Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Chinese Fir ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Vegetation Species ◽  
Microbial Diversities

With the continuous increase in plantation areas, the reduction of natural forest areas, and the unreasonable management of plantations by human beings, the service function of forest ecosystems has gradually reduced. Therefore, close-to-natural forestry has become important for the sustainable development of modern forestry. However, the differences in soil properties, enzyme activities, microbial diversities, and undergrowth vegetation species diversities have not been systematically explained for Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata). How do these indicators interact? The purpose of this paper was to study the difference in soil properties and biodiversity in different aged Chinese fir plantations and close-to-natural forests to explore their interactions and to provide direction for close-to-nature management. The results showed that the above indicators were significantly different in different aged Chinese fir plantations, soil pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus concentrations, and urease activities in close-to-natural forests were significantly higher than plantations. It is worth mentioning that the richness of undergrowth vegetation species diversity (especially shrubs) and soil microbial diversities (especially fungi) in the close-to-natural forests were obviously higher than those in plantations. The correlation analysis results showed that the diversity of shrub species with respect to soil properties presented a higher correlation than herb species, the diversity of fungi with respect to soil properties presented a higher correlation than that observed for bacteria, and the diversity of fungi were significantly correlated with the diversity of undergrowth vegetation species diversities, but the correlation between bacteria and undergrowth vegetation species diversities was not significant. Our results suggest that the above factors are fundamental factors for the transformation of Chinese fir plantations to close-to-natural forests. To realize close-to-natural forestry, we must change the tree structure, combine the difference of those factors in different aged plantations, restore undergrowth vegetation species diversity, and thus improve microbial diversity and increase decomposition, transformation, and improvement of soil properties.

scholarly journals Biogeographic Distribution of Cedrela spp. Genus in Peru Using MaxEnt Modeling: A Conservation and Restoration Approach

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 261
Author(s):  
Alexander Cotrina Sánchez ◽  
Nilton B. Rojas Briceño ◽  
Subhajit Bandopadhyay ◽  
Subhasis Ghosh ◽  
Cristóbal Torres Guzmán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Timber Species ◽  
National Service ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Entropy Model ◽  
Probability Of Occurrence ◽  
Bioclimatic Variables ◽  
Population Sizes

The increasing demand for tropical timber from natural forests has reduced the population sizes of native species such as Cedrela spp. because of their high economic value. To prevent the decline of population sizes of the species, all Cedrela species have been incorporated into Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). The study presents information about the modeled distribution of the genus Cedrela in Peru that aims to identify potential habitat distribution of the genus, its availability in areas protected by national service of protected areas, and highlighted some areas because of their conservation relevance and the potential need for restoration. We modeled the distribution of the genus Cedrela in Peru using 947 occurrence records that included 10 species (C. odorata, C. montana, C. fissilis, C. longipetiolulata, C. angustifolia, C. nebulosa, C. kuelapensis, C. saltensis, C. weberbaueri, and C. molinensis). We aim to identify areas environmentally suitable for the occurrence of Cedrela that are legally protected by the National Service of Protected Areas (PAs) and those that are ideal for research and restoration projects. We used various environmental variables (19 bioclimatic variables, 3 topographic factors, 9 edaphic factors, solar radiation, and relative humidity) and the maximum entropy model (MaxEnt) to predict the probability of occurrence. We observed that 6.7% (86,916.2 km2) of Peru presents a high distribution probability of occurrence of Cedrela, distributed in 17 departments, with 4.4% (10,171.03 km2) of the area protected by PAs mainly under the category of protection forests. Another 11.65% (21,345.16 km2) of distribution covers areas highly prone to degradation, distributed mainly in the departments Ucayali, Loreto, and Madre de Dios, and needs immediate attention for its protection and restoration. We believe that the study will contribute significantly to conserve Cedrela and other endangered species, as well as to promote the sustainable use and management of timber species as a whole.

Rates of soil respiration components in response to inorganic and organic fertilizers in an intensively-managed Moso bamboo forest

Geoderma ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 403 ◽  
pp. 115212
Author(s):  
Kaiping Huang ◽  
Yongfu Li ◽  
Junguo Hu ◽  
Caixian Tang ◽  
Shaobo Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Moso Bamboo ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Bamboo Forest ◽  
Intensively Managed ◽  
Moso Bamboo Forest ◽  
Inorganic And Organic

Stand-scale transpiration estimates in a Moso bamboo forest: (I) Applicability of sap flux measurements

2010 ◽  
Vol 260 (8) ◽  
pp. 1287-1294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomonori Kume ◽  
Yuka Onozawa ◽  
Hikaru Komatsu ◽  
Kenji Tsuruta ◽  
Yoshinori Shinohara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moso Bamboo ◽  
Bamboo Forest ◽  
Sap Flux ◽  
Flux Measurements ◽  
Moso Bamboo Forest

Object-based classification using SPOT-5 imagery for Moso bamboo forest mapping

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 1126-1142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Han ◽  
Huaqiang Du ◽  
Guomo Zhou ◽  
Xiaoyan Sun ◽  
Hongli Ge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moso Bamboo ◽  
Bamboo Forest ◽  
Forest Mapping ◽  
Object Based ◽  
Moso Bamboo Forest ◽  
Spot 5

scholarly journals Nitrogen addition decreases methane uptake caused by methanotroph and methanogen imbalances in a Moso bamboo forest

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan Li ◽  
Changhui Peng ◽  
Junbo Zhang ◽  
Yongfu Li ◽  
Xinzhang Song
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Nitrogen Addition ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
Moso Bamboo ◽  
Bamboo Forest ◽  
N Addition ◽  
Atmospheric Methane ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Moso Bamboo Forest

AbstractForest soils play an important role in controlling global warming by reducing atmospheric methane (CH4) concentrations. However, little attention has been paid to how nitrogen (N) deposition may alter microorganism communities that are related to the CH4 cycle or CH4 oxidation in subtropical forest soils. We investigated the effects of N addition (0, 30, 60, or 90 kg N ha−1 yr−1) on soil CH4 flux and methanotroph and methanogen abundance, diversity, and community structure in a Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) forest in subtropical China. N addition significantly increased methanogen abundance but reduced both methanotroph and methanogen diversity. Methanotroph and methanogen community structures under the N deposition treatments were significantly different from those of the control. In N deposition treatments, the relative abundance of Methanoculleus was significantly lower than that in the control. Soil pH was the key factor regulating the changes in methanotroph and methanogen diversity and community structure. The CH4 emission rate increased with N addition and was negatively correlated with both methanotroph and methanogen diversity but positively correlated with methanogen abundance. Overall, our results suggested that N deposition can suppress CH4 uptake by altering methanotroph and methanogen abundance, diversity, and community structure in subtropical Moso bamboo forest soils.

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