Photodynamic inactivation of Escherichia coli with cationic ammonium Zn(ii) phthalocyanines

The aim of this work was the development of a family of novel water soluble zinc(ii) phthalocyanines (Pc) for the photodynamic inactivation of Gram-negative bacteria.

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Asymmetric one-pot synthesis of cyclopropanes

Macedonian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering ◽

10.20450/mjcce.2016.835 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 45

Author(s):

Naoufel Ben Hamadi ◽

Ahlem Guesmi ◽

Wided Nouira

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Protecting Group ◽

Gram Positive ◽

One Pot ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Activity Screening ◽

High Yields

Cycloaddition of the diazoalkanes to electron-deficient olefins (in situ) affords polysubstituted cyclopropanes in high yields (up to 85%). Deprotection of the ketal protecting group provided water-soluble cyclopropane-bearing carbohydrate in good yields. Antimicrobial activity screening of the synthesized compounds 8 and 9, utilizing a variety of Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus fecalis), Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae) and yeast (Candida albicans), exhibited that all the prepared analogues acquire promising activities against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria especially compounds 9b and 9c (antimicrobial active agents against Gram-negative bacteria).

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Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of Macrophomina phaseolina isolated from gummosis infected citrus reticulata

Chittagong University Journal of Biological Sciences ◽

10.3329/cujbs.v5i1.13378 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 125-133

Author(s):

Rubal C Das ◽

Rajib Banik ◽

Robiul Hasan Bhuiyan ◽

Md Golam Kabir

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Brine Shrimp ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Lethal Dose ◽

Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽

Chloroform Extract ◽

Citrus Reticulata ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Gram Negative

Macrophomina phaseolina is one of the pathogenic organisms of gummosis disease of orange tree (Citrus reticulata). The pathogen was identified from the observation of their colony size, shape, colour, mycelium, conidiophore, conidia, hyaline, spore, and appressoria in the PDA culture. The crude chloroform extracts from the organism showed antibacterial activity against a number of Gram positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The crude chloroform extract also showed promising antifungal activity against three species of the genus Aspergillus. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the crude chloroform extract from M. phaseolina against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Shigella sonnie were 128 ?gm, 256 ?gm, 128 ?gm and 64 ?gm/ml respectively. The LD50 (lethal dose) values of the cytotoxicity assay over brine shrimp of the crude chloroform extract from M. phaseolina was found to be 51.79 ?gm/ml. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cujbs.v5i1.13378 The Chittagong Univ. J. B. Sci.,Vol. 5(1 &2):125-133, 2010

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Endotoxin of the gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) as a trigger factor in development of HLA-B27 associated anterior uveitis

Oftalmologicheskii Zhurnal ◽

10.31288/oftalmolzh201052023 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 27 (5) ◽

pp. 20-23

Author(s):

A. I Kopayenko ◽

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Anterior Uveitis ◽

Trigger Factor ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Hla B27 ◽

Gram Negative

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Protein secretion in gram-negative bacteria. The extracellular metalloprotease B from Erwinia chrysanthemi contains a C-terminal secretion signal analogous to that of Escherichia coli alpha-hemolysin.

Journal of Biological Chemistry ◽

10.1016/s0021-9258(17)44877-0 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 265 (28) ◽

pp. 17118-17125 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

P Delepelaire ◽

C Wandersman

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Protein Secretion ◽

Erwinia Chrysanthemi ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Secretion Signal ◽

Alpha Hemolysin

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Proteomic response of Escherichia coli to a membrane lytic and iron chelating truncated Amaranthus tricolor defensin

BMC Microbiology ◽

10.1186/s12866-021-02176-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tessa B. Moyer ◽

Ashleigh L. Purvis ◽

Andrew J. Wommack ◽

Leslie M. Hicks

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Antimicrobial Peptides ◽

Mechanism Of Action ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Amaranthus Tricolor ◽

Core Motif ◽

Gram Negative ◽

E Coli ◽

Membrane Lysis

Abstract Background Plant defensins are a broadly distributed family of antimicrobial peptides which have been primarily studied for agriculturally relevant antifungal activity. Recent studies have probed defensins against Gram-negative bacteria revealing evidence for multiple mechanisms of action including membrane lysis and ribosomal inhibition. Herein, a truncated synthetic analog containing the γ-core motif of Amaranthus tricolor DEF2 (Atr-DEF2) reveals Gram-negative antibacterial activity and its mechanism of action is probed via proteomics, outer membrane permeability studies, and iron reduction/chelation assays. Results Atr-DEF2(G39-C54) demonstrated activity against two Gram-negative human bacterial pathogens, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Quantitative proteomics revealed changes in the E. coli proteome in response to treatment of sub-lethal concentrations of the truncated defensin, including bacterial outer membrane (OM) and iron acquisition/processing related proteins. Modification of OM charge is a common response of Gram-negative bacteria to membrane lytic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) to reduce electrostatic interactions, and this mechanism of action was confirmed for Atr-DEF2(G39-C54) via an N-phenylnaphthalen-1-amine uptake assay. Additionally, in vitro assays confirmed the capacity of Atr-DEF2(G39-C54) to reduce Fe3+ and chelate Fe2+ at cell culture relevant concentrations, thus limiting the availability of essential enzymatic cofactors. Conclusions This study highlights the utility of plant defensin γ-core motif synthetic analogs for characterization of novel defensin activity. Proteomic changes in E. coli after treatment with Atr-DEF2(G39-C54) supported the hypothesis that membrane lysis is an important component of γ-core motif mediated antibacterial activity but also emphasized that other properties, such as metal sequestration, may contribute to a multifaceted mechanism of action.

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MexAB-OprM Efflux Pump Interaction with the Peptidoglycan of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22105328 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (10) ◽

pp. 5328

Author(s):

Miao Ma ◽

Margaux Lustig ◽

Michèle Salem ◽

Dominique Mengin-Lecreulx ◽

Gilles Phan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Cell Division ◽

Membrane Proteins ◽

Outer Membrane ◽

Efflux Pump ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Active Efflux

One of the major families of membrane proteins found in prokaryote genome corresponds to the transporters. Among them, the resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) transporters are highly studied, as being responsible for one of the most problematic mechanisms used by bacteria to resist to antibiotics, i.e., the active efflux of drugs. In Gram-negative bacteria, these proteins are inserted in the inner membrane and form a tripartite assembly with an outer membrane factor and a periplasmic linker in order to cross the two membranes to expulse molecules outside of the cell. A lot of information has been collected to understand the functional mechanism of these pumps, especially with AcrAB-TolC from Escherichia coli, but one missing piece from all the suggested models is the role of peptidoglycan in the assembly. Here, by pull-down experiments with purified peptidoglycans, we precise the MexAB-OprM interaction with the peptidoglycan from Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, highlighting a role of the peptidoglycan in stabilizing the MexA-OprM complex and also differences between the two Gram-negative bacteria peptidoglycans.

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Pyelonephritis in Pediatric Uropathic Patients: Differences from Community-Acquired Ones and Therapeutic Protocol Considerations. A 10-Year Single-Center Retrospective Study

Children ◽

10.3390/children8060436 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 436

Author(s):

Giovanni Parente ◽

Tommaso Gargano ◽

Stefania Pavia ◽

Chiara Cordola ◽

Marzia Vastano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Retrospective Study ◽

Success Rate ◽

Pediatric Population ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Klebsiella Spp

Pyelonephritis (PN) represents an important cause of morbidity in the pediatric population, especially in uropathic patients. The aim of the study is to demonstrate differences between PNs of uropathic patients and PNs acquired in community in terms of uropathogens involved and antibiotic sensitivity; moreover, to identify a proper empiric therapeutic strategy. A retrospective study was conducted on antibiograms on urine cultures from PNs in vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) patients admitted to pediatric surgery department and from PNs in not VUR patients admitted to Pediatric Emergency Unit between 2010 and 2020. We recorded 58 PNs in 33 patients affected by VUR and 112 PNs in the not VUR group. The mean age of not VUR patients at the PN episode was 1.3 ± 2.6 years (range: 20 days of life–3 years), and almost all the urine cultures, 111 (99.1%), isolated Gram-negative bacteria and rarely, 1 (0.9%), Gram-positive bacteria. The Gram-negative uropathogens isolated were Escherichia coli (97%), Proteus mirabilis (2%), and Klebsiella spp. (1%). The only Gram-positive bacteria isolated was an Enterococcus faecalis. As regards the antibiograms, 96% of not VUR PNs responded to beta-lactams, 99% to aminoglycosides, and 80% to sulfonamides. For the VUR group, mean age was 3.0 years ± 3.0 years (range: 9 days of life–11 years) and mean number of episodes per patient was 2.0 ± 1.0 (range: 1–5); 83% of PNs were by Gram-negatives bacteria vs. 17% by Gram-positive: the most important Gram-negative bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (44%), Escherichia coli (27%), and Klebsiella spp. (12%), while Enterococcus spp. determined 90% of Gram-positive UTIs. Regimen ampicillin/ceftazidime (success rate: 72.0%) was compared to ampicillin/amikacin (success rate of 83.0%): no statistically significant difference was found (p = 0.09). The pathogens of PNs in uropathic patients are different from those of community-acquired PNs, and clinicians should be aware of their peculiar antibiotic susceptibility. An empiric therapy based on the association ampicillin + ceftazidime is therefore suggested.

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A High-Throughput Approach To Identify Compounds That Impair Envelope Integrity in Escherichia coli

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.00537-16 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 60 (10) ◽

pp. 5995-6002 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Kristin R. Baker ◽

Bimal Jana ◽

Henrik Franzyk ◽

Luca Guardabassi

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

High Throughput ◽

High Throughput Screening ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Chromogenic Substrate ◽

Intrinsic Resistance ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Content Type ◽

E Coli ◽

Screening Platform

ABSTRACTThe envelope of Gram-negative bacteria constitutes an impenetrable barrier to numerous classes of antimicrobials. This intrinsic resistance, coupled with acquired multidrug resistance, has drastically limited the treatment options against Gram-negative pathogens. The aim of the present study was to develop and validate an assay for identifying compounds that increase envelope permeability, thereby conferring antimicrobial susceptibility by weakening of the cell envelope barrier in Gram-negative bacteria. A high-throughput whole-cell screening platform was developed to measureEscherichia colienvelope permeability to a β-galactosidase chromogenic substrate. The signal produced by cytoplasmic β-galactosidase-dependent cleavage of the chromogenic substrate was used to determine the degree of envelope permeabilization. The assay was optimized by using known envelope-permeabilizing compounds andE. coligene deletion mutants with impaired envelope integrity. As a proof of concept, a compound library comprising 36 peptides and 45 peptidomimetics was screened, leading to identification of two peptides that substantially increased envelope permeability. Compound 79 reduced significantly (from 8- to 125-fold) the MICs of erythromycin, fusidic acid, novobiocin and rifampin and displayed synergy (fractional inhibitory concentration index, <0.2) with these antibiotics by checkerboard assays in two genetically distinctE. colistrains, including the high-risk multidrug-resistant, CTX-M-15-producing sequence type 131 clone. Notably, in the presence of 0.25 μM of this peptide, both strains were susceptible to rifampin according to the resistance breakpoints (R> 0.5 μg/ml) for Gram-positive bacterial pathogens. The high-throughput screening platform developed in this study can be applied to accelerate the discovery of antimicrobial helper drug candidates and targets that enhance the delivery of existing antibiotics by impairing envelope integrity in Gram-negative bacteria.

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