scholarly journals Chemical and bioactive characterization of the aromatic plant Levisticum officinale W.D.J. Koch: a comprehensive study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1292-1303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Mascoloti Spréa ◽  
Ângela Fernandes ◽  
Ricardo C. Calhelha ◽  
Carla Pereira ◽  
Tânia C. S. P. Pires ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Bacteriostatic Activity ◽  
Aromatic Plant ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Lovage is a source of nutrients, volatiles and bioactive compounds, and its extracts exhibit interesting antioxidant potential and bacteriostatic activity against several Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

THE EFFECT OF SALMINE ON BACTERIA

1958 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas D. Brock
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Bacteriostatic Activity ◽  
Bactericidal Action ◽  
Gram Stain ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Bacterial Surface ◽  
Bactericidal Effects

The bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects of salmine on various bacteria have been studied. Salmine has more bacteriostatic activity against Gram-positive than against Gram-negative bacteria. It is bactericidal in water but not in broth, and this bactericidal action occurs against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. It has been shown that salmine causes agglutination of washed suspensions of certain bacteria and this agglutination is not correlated directly with the Gram stain. Salmine causes an increase in the turbidity of washed cells of all bacteria, Gram-positive and Gram-negative, and differs in this respect from the solutes sodium chloride and glucose, which affect only Gram-negative species.A comparison has been made of the effects of salmine and polymyxin and it has been concluded that salmine may also act by attachment to the bacterial surface.

Characterization of a 3944 Da bacteriocin, produced by Enterococcus mundtii ST15, with activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria

2005 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. De Kwaadsteniet ◽  
S.D. Todorov ◽  
H. Knoetze ◽  
L.M.T. Dicks
Keyword(s):  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Enterococcus Mundtii

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Zinc (Zn) Resistant Bacteria in Banger River, Pekalongan, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 622-628
Author(s):  
Fitri Arum Sasi ◽  
Hermin Pancasakti Kusumaningrum ◽  
Anto Budiharjo
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Selective Medium ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Indigenous Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Sequences Analysis

Indigenous bacteria are able to remove the metals contamination in environment. This study aimed to assess the resistance of bacterial species to Zinc (Zn) in Banger River, Pekalongan City. The bacteria from three different parts of Banger River were isolated and inoculated in Zn-selective medium. Then, molecular identification to determine the bacteria species was conducted using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) by applying forward-reverse 16SrRNA gene primers. The sequences analysis was conducted using MUSCLE and MEGA6. There were seven dominant species that possibly resistant to Zn. Approximately, every isolate could reach more than 95 % from 2000 ppm of Zn in the medium. The higher absorption of Zn was found in Z5 isolate. The seven bacteria species were clustered into nine genera i.e. Klebsiela, Xenorhabdus, Cronobacter, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Shigella and Sporomusa known as Gram Negative bacteria and Clostridium and Bacillus as Gram Positive bacteria. In Gram Positive bacteria, especially Bacillus sp, carboxyl group in peptidoglycan play a role as metal binder. In Gram-negative bacteria, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) which is highly anionic component on the outer membrane, able to catch the Zn. Besides that, Enterobacter activates endogen antioxidants such as glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), glutathione reductase (GR), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The research found there was possible seven novel indigenous bacteria species in Banger that able to remove Zn from the sediment extremely. This finding can be developed as an eco-friendly approach to reduce metals pollution using local microorganisms.

Al2O3 Nanopowders, a Suitable Compound for Active Control of Biofouling

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 71-80
Author(s):  
Mohsen Mehregan ◽  
Hossein Soltaninejad ◽  
Behnaz Toluei Nia ◽  
Hadi Zare-Zardini ◽  
Masoud Zare-Shehneh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
X Ray

The formation of biofilm (Biofouling) in different surface is the great concern in types of fields, especially in medical and health system as well as in membrane technology. The present study deals with the synthesis and characterization of Al2O3 nanopowders with antibacterial activity which can be a potentially utilized material for biocompatible implants. Nanostructure was synthesized based on sol-gel method and then, crystallite size, and microstructural and morphological characterization of nanostructure were determined by X-ray diffraction, electron-microscopic techniques - scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). According to X-ray diffraction, the value of particle size for Al2O3 nanopowders is 20.85 nm. In the following, the antibacterial activity of Al2O3 nanoparticles was assessed on three gram positive and three gram negative bacteria by radial diffusion assay and measurement of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The toxicity of Al2O3 nanopowders on blood cells was also assessed. The results showed that this nanostructure has potent antibacterial activity against gram positive and gram negative bacteria. The synthesized Al2O3 nanopowders showed the antimicrobial activity against antibiotic resistant bacterium, Staphylococcus aureus. Significant antibacterial activity of this nanostructure was seen to have a greatest effect on Bacillus cereus with the MIC value of 9.2 μg/ml; while, among bacterial strains, Salmonellatyphimurium was investigated to be the most resistant one with the MIC of 35.6 μg/ml. Al2O3 nanopowders showed no toxicity on blood cells. according to acquired data in this study, Al2O3 nanopowders may be a good material for inhibition of biofilm formation.

scholarly journals Chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant potential of the essential oil of Guarea kunthiana A. Juss

2017 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Pandini ◽  
F. G. S. Pinto ◽  
M. C. Scur ◽  
C. B. Santana ◽  
W. F. Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
General Point ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method

Abstract The essential oils are extracted from plant compounds and can present activities antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. The goals of the present study were: (a) to determine the chemical composition of the essential oil of Guarea kunthiana A. Juss using the method of gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS); (b) to evaluate the antimicrobial potential of this oil using the broth microdilution method against different microorganisms: five Gram-negative bacteria, four Gram-positive bacteria and a yeast and (c) to determine the antioxidant activity of the oil using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical assay. The GC-MS analyses allowed identifying 13 constituents, representing 96.52% of the essencial oil composition. The main compounds identified were α-zingiberene (34.48%), β-sesquiphellandrene (22.90%), and α-curcumene (16.17%). With respect to the antimicrobial activity, the essential oil was effective against all the microorganisms tested, except for the bacteria E. coli and K. pneumoniae, which were resistant to the action of the oil. From a general point of view, Gram-positive bacteria were more susceptible to the action of the essential oil than Gram-negative bacteria. The essential oil exhibited antioxidant potential.

scholarly journals Evaluation the Biological Activity of Nano- Gentamicin Prepared and Characterization of Nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-90
Author(s):  
Rana Kamal ◽  
Quraish A. Kahdhum ◽  
Awatif I. Mohammed ◽  
Ahmed J. Essa ◽  
Maan A. Abd Elhamid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Average Size

Gentamycin is a broad-spectrum antibacterial against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Gentamycin Sulfate is a white powder that is freely soluble in water and insoluble in alcohol, acetone, chloroform and ether. The study aims to determine the characterization and the biological activity of gentamicin in the Nano-form prepared by Sol-gel application using an ultrasound device by aqueous solution at temperature of 80°. Nano gentamycin examined by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission (TEM) and the antibacterial effect test of both Nano and stander gentamycin were analyzed. The results showing that the average size of gentamycin nanoparticles is 68.51 nanometers with homogeneous distribution. The antibacterial effect of Nano gentamycin take a wide inhibition range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria compared to the standard substance, the inhibition diameters are for E. coli (29 mm) and for St. epidermidis (27 mm). In the other side the inhibitory ability for standard gentamicin for St. epidrmidis and E. coli were 18 mm and 20 mm, respectively.

scholarly journals Bioactive Compounds from the Bornean Endemic Plant Goniothalamus longistipetes

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 913
Author(s):  
Stephen P. Teo ◽  
Sanjib Bhakta ◽  
Paul Stapleton ◽  
Simon Gibbons
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Inhibitory Activities

The present study aimed to screen plants for bioactive compounds with potential antibacterial activities. In our efforts to evaluate plants from Borneo, we isolated and elucidated the structures of four natural products from the bioactive fraction of a chloroform extract of Goniothalamus longistipetes using various chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques. The bioactive compounds were identified as a known styryllactone, (+)-altholactone ((2S,3R,3aS,7aS)-3-hydroxy-2-phenyl-2,3,3a,7a-tetrahydrobenzo-5(4H)-5-one) (1), a new styryllactone, (2S,3R,3aS,7aS)-3-hydroxy-2-phenyl-2,3,3a,7a-tetrahydrobenzo-5(4H)-5-one) (2) as well as a new alkaloid, 2,6-dimethoxyisonicotinaldehyde (3) and a new alkenyl-5-hydroxyl-phenyl benzoic acid (4). 1 and 4 showed broad-spectrum anti-bacterial activities against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as acid-fast model selected for this study. Compound 2 only demonstrated activities against Gram-positive bacteria whilst 3 displayed selective inhibitory activities against Gram-positive bacterial strains. Additionally, their mechanisms of anti-bacterial action were also investigated. Using Mycobacterium smegmatis as a fast-growing model of tubercle bacilli, compounds 1, 2 and 4 demonstrated inhibitory activities against whole-cell drug efflux and biofilm formation; two key intrinsic mechanisms of antibiotic resistance. Interestingly, the amphiphilic compound 4 exhibited inhibitory activity against the conjugation of plasmid pKM101 in Escherichia coli using a plate conjugation assay. Plasmid conjugation is a mechanism by which Gram-positive and Gram-negative-bacteria acquire drug resistance and virulence. These results indicated that bioactive compounds isolated from Goniothalamus longistipetes can be potential candidates as ‘hits’ for further optimisation.

Rapid demonstration of septic or infectious arthritis due to Gram-negative bacteria

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 686-687
Author(s):  
Jacob S. Hanker ◽  
Paul R. Gross ◽  
Beverly L. Giammara
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Arthritis ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Infectious Arthritis ◽  
Bacterial Arthritis ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

Blood cultures are positive in approximately only 50 per cent of the patients with nongonococcal bacterial infectious arthritis and about 20 per cent of those with gonococcal arthritis. But the concept that gram-negative bacteria could be involved even in chronic arthritis is well-supported. Gram stains are more definitive in staphylococcal arthritis caused by gram-positive bacteria than in bacterial arthritis due to gram-negative bacteria. In the latter situation where gram-negative bacilli are the problem, Gram stains are helpful for 50% of the patients; they are only helpful for 25% of the patients, however, where gram-negative gonococci are the problem. In arthritis due to gram-positive Staphylococci. Gramstained smears are positive for 75% of the patients.

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