Mucin-16 Targeted Mesoporous Nano-system for Evaluation of Cervical cancer via Dual-modal Computed Tomography and Ultrasonography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Tarighatnia ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Abdkarimi ◽  
Nader D Nader ◽  
Tayebeh Mehdipour ◽  
Mohammad Reza Fouladi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Mesoporous Silica ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Cervical Cancers ◽  
Bismuth Nanoparticles ◽  
Early Stages

Mesoporous silica-coated bismuth nanoparticles (NPs) are dual-modal contrast agents that enable detection and quantization of cervical cancers at early stages using computed tomography (CT) and ultrasonography (US). Herein, the mesoporous...

scholarly journals Investigation of imaging properties of novel contrast agents based on gold, silver and bismuth nanoparticles in spectral computed tomography using Monte Carlo simulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Maryam Sadeghian ◽  
Parisa Akhlaghi ◽  
Asghar Mesbahi
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Ct Number ◽  
Bismuth Nanoparticles ◽  
Iodinated Contrast ◽  
Spectral Computed Tomography ◽  
Iodinated Contrast Agent ◽  
Imaging Properties

AbstractIn the present paper, some imaging properties of nanoparticles-based contrast agents including gold, bismuth, and silver were assessed and compared with conventional (iodinated) contrast agent in spectral computed tomography (CT). A spectral CT scanner with photon-counting detectors (PCD) and 6 energy bins was simulated using the Monte Carlo (MC) simulation method. The nanoparticles were designed with a diameter of 50 nm at concentrations of 2, 4, and 8 mg/ml. Water-filled cylindrical phantom was modeled with a diameter of 10 cm containing a hole with a diameter of 5 cm in its center, where was filled with contrast agents. The MC results were used to reconstruct images. Image reconstruction was accomplished with the filtered back-projection (FBP) method with hamming filter and linear interpolation method. CT number and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of all studied contrast materials were calculated in spectral images. The simulations indicated that nanoparticle-based contrast agents have a higher CT number and CNR than the iodinated contrast agent at the same concentration and for all energy bins. In general, gold nanoparticles produced the highest CT number and CNR compared to silver and bismuth nanoparticles at the same concentration. However, at low energies (below 80 keV), silver nanoparticles performed similarly to gold nanoparticles and at high energies (120 keV), bismuth nanoparticles can be a good substitute for gold nanoparticles.

scholarly journals Microwave-Synthesized Platinum-Embedded Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles as Dual-Modality Contrast Agents: Computed Tomography and Optical Imaging

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Hui Chu ◽  
Shih-Hsun Cheng ◽  
Nai-Tzu Chen ◽  
Wei-Neng Liao ◽  
Leu-Wei Lo
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Mesoporous Silica ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Optical Imaging ◽  
Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Dual Modality

Nanoparticle-based imaging contrast agents have drawn tremendous attention especially in multi-modality imaging. In this study, we developed mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) for use as dual-modality contrast agents for computed tomography (CT) and near-infrared (NIR) optical imaging (OI). A microwave synthesis for preparing naked platinum nanoparticles (nPtNPs) on MSNs (MSNs-Pt) was developed and characterized with physicochemical analysis and imaging systems. The high density of nPtNPs on the surface of the MSNs could greatly enhance the CT contrast. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) revealed the MSNs-Pt compositions to be ~14% Pt by weight and TEM revealed an average particle diameter of ~50 nm and covered with ~3 nm diameter nPtNPs. To enhance the OI contrast, the NIR fluorescent dye Dy800 was conjugated to the MSNs-Pt nanochannels. The fluorescence spectra of MSNs-Pt-Dy800 were very similar to unconjugated Dy800. The CT imaging demonstrated that even modest degrees of Pt labeling could result in substantial X-ray attenuation. In vivo imaging of breast tumor-bearing mice treated with PEGylated MSNs-Pt-Dy800 (PEG-MSNs-Pt-Dy800) showed significantly improved contrasts in both fluorescence and CT imaging and the signal intensity within the tumor retained for 24 h post-injection.

Nonionic Low-Osmolar Monomeric Iodinated Contrast Material: Some Aspects of use for Computed Tomography in Children

2017 ◽  
pp. 118-129
Author(s):  
I. A. Kondrashov ◽  
V. Mandal
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Contrast Material ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Diagnostic Efficacy ◽  
Minimum Risk ◽  
Electrical Neutrality ◽  
Iodinated Contrast

Iodine containing contrast media are used much frequently now-a-days for computed tomography examinations in children. The group of non-ionic monomers occupies a special place among modern contrast agents. Low osmolarity and viscosity, electrical neutrality and the highest iodine content of these contrast materials provide the best diagnostic efficacy with minimum risk of adverse reactions. However, characteristic anatomic and physiological aspects of a growing child’s body require additional attention and care during diagnostic procedures with use of such contrast agents. This article presents concise literature review of recent years highlighting practical aspects of nonionic lowosmolar iodinated contrast material use for computed tomography assisted diagnostic examinations in child population.

Tantalum Oxide Nanoparticles as Versatile Contrast Agents for X-ray Computed Tomography

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shatadru Chakravarty ◽  
Jeremy Hix ◽  
Kaitlyn Wieweora ◽  
Maximilian Volk ◽  
Elizabeth Kenyon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Tantalum Oxide ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Drug Delivery Vehicles ◽  
X Ray Computed

Here we describe the synthesis, characterization and in vitro and in vivo performance of a series of tantalum oxide (TaOx) based nanoparticles (NPs) for computed tomography (CT). Five distinct versions of 9-12 nm diameter silane coated TaOx nanocrystals (NCs) were fabricated by a sol-gel method with varying degrees of hydrophilicity and with or without fluorescence, with the highest reported Ta content to date (78%). Highly hydrophilic NCs were left bare and were evaluated in vivo in mice for micro-CT of full body vasculature, where following intravenous injection, TaOx NCs demonstrate high CT contrast, circulation in blood for ~ 3 h, and eventual accumulation in RES organs; and following injection locally in the mammary gland, where the full ductal tree structure can be clearly delineated. Partially hydrophilic NCs were encapsulated within mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNPs; TaOx@MSNPs) and hydrophobic NCs were encapsulated within poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA; TaOx@PLGA) NPs, serving as potential CT-imagable drug delivery vehicles. Bolus intramuscular injections of TaOx@PLGA NPs and TaOx@MSNPs to mimic the accumulation of NPs at a tumor site produce high signal enhancement in mice. In vitro studies on bare NCs and formuated NPs demonstrate high cytocompatibility and low dissolution of TaOx. This work solidifies that TaOx-based NPs are versatile contrast agents for CT.

scholarly journals Zr- and Hf-based nanoscale metal–organic frameworks as contrast agents for computed tomography

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (35) ◽  
pp. 18139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn E. deKrafft ◽  
William S. Boyle ◽  
Laurel M. Burk ◽  
Otto Z. Zhou ◽  
Wenbin Lin
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Metal Organic

Nanoparticulate Computed Tomography Contrast Agents for Blood Pool and Liver-Spleen Imaging

1994 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Scott Gazelle ◽  
Gerald L. Wolf ◽  
Gregory L. McIntire ◽  
Edward R. Bacon ◽  
Elkan F. Halpern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Blood Pool

scholarly journals Quantitative dual contrast photon-counting computed tomography for assessment of articular cartilage health

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Petri Paakkari ◽  
Satu I. Inkinen ◽  
Miitu K. M. Honkanen ◽  
Mithilesh Prakash ◽  
Rubina Shaikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Photon Counting ◽  
Spectral Imaging ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Photon Counting Detector ◽  
Tissue Contrast ◽  
Reference Parameters

AbstractPhoton-counting detector computed tomography (PCD-CT) is a modern spectral imaging technique utilizing photon-counting detectors (PCDs). PCDs detect individual photons and classify them into fixed energy bins, thus enabling energy selective imaging, contrary to energy integrating detectors that detects and sums the total energy from all photons during acquisition. The structure and composition of the articular cartilage cannot be detected with native CT imaging but can be assessed using contrast-enhancement. Spectral imaging allows simultaneous decomposition of multiple contrast agents, which can be used to target and highlight discrete cartilage properties. Here we report, for the first time, the use of PCD-CT to quantify a cationic iodinated CA4+ (targeting proteoglycans) and a non-ionic gadolinium-based gadoteridol (reflecting water content) contrast agents inside human osteochondral tissue (n = 53). We performed PCD-CT scanning at diffusion equilibrium and compared the results against reference data of biomechanical and optical density measurements, and Mankin scoring. PCD-CT enables simultaneous quantification of the two contrast agent concentrations inside cartilage and the results correlate with the structural and functional reference parameters. With improved soft tissue contrast and assessment of proteoglycan and water contents, PCD-CT with the dual contrast agent method is of potential use for the detection and monitoring of osteoarthritis.

scholarly journals The potential oncogenic and MLN4924-resistant effects of CSN5 on cervical cancer cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huilin Zhang ◽  
Ping He ◽  
Qing Zhou ◽  
Yan Lu ◽  
Bingjian Lu
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Cervical Cancer Cell ◽  
Cervical Cancers ◽  
Cervical Cancer Cells

Abstract Background CSN5, a member of Cop9 signalosome, is essential for protein neddylation. It has been supposed to serve as an oncogene in some cancers. However, the role of CSN5 has not been investigated in cervical cancer yet. Methods Data from TCGA cohorts and GEO dataset was analyzed to examine the expression profile of CSN5 and clinical relevance in cervical cancers. The role of CSN5 on cervical cancer cell proliferation was investigated in cervical cancer cell lines, Siha and Hela, through CSN5 knockdown via CRISPR–CAS9. Western blot was used to detect the effect of CSN5 knockdown and overexpression. The biological behaviors were analyzed by CCK8, clone formation assay, 3-D spheroid generation assay and cell cycle assay. Besides, the role CSN5 knockdown in vivo was evaluated by xenograft tumor model. MLN4924 was given in Siha and Hela with CSN5 overexpression. Results We found that downregulation of CSN5 in Siha and Hela cells inhibited cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo, and the inhibitory effects were largely rescued by CSN5 overexpression. Moreover, deletion of CSN5 caused cell cycle arrest rather than inducing apoptosis. Importantly, CSN5 overexpression confers resistance to the anti-cancer effects of MLN4924 (pevonedistat) in cervical cancer cells. Conclusions Our findings demonstrated that CSN5 functions as an oncogene in cervical cancers and may serve as a potential indicator for predicting the effects of MLN4924 treatment in the future.

scholarly journals Recovery strategies following COVID-19 disruption to cervical cancer screening and their impact on excess diagnoses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra Castanon ◽  
Matejka Rebolj ◽  
Francesca Pesola ◽  
Peter Sasieni
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Cervical Cancers ◽  
Screening Interval ◽  
Recovery Strategies ◽  
Screening Services ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Published Research

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted cervical cancer screening services. Assuming increases to screening capacity are unrealistic, we propose two recovery strategies: one extends the screening interval by 6 months for all and the other extends the interval by 36/60 months, but only for women who have already missed being screened. Methods Using routine statistics from England we estimate the number of women affected by delays to screening. We used published research to estimate the proportion of screening age women with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and progression rates to cancer. Under two recovery scenarios, we estimate the impact of COVID-19 on cervical cancer over one screening cycle (3 years at ages 25–49 and 5 years at ages 50–64 years). The duration of disruption in both scenarios is 6 months. In the first scenario, 10.7 million women have their screening interval extended by 6 months. In the second, 1.5 million women (those due to be screened during the disruption) miss one screening cycle, but most women have no delay. Results Both scenarios result in similar numbers of excess cervical cancers: 630 vs. 632 (both 4.3 per 100,000 women in the population). However, the scenario in which some women miss one screening cycle creates inequalities—they would have much higher rates of excess cancer: 41.5 per 100,000 delayed for screened women compared to those with a 6-month delay (5.9 per 100,000). Conclusion To ensure equity for those affected by COVID-19 related screening delays additional screening capacity will need to be paired with prioritising the screening of overdue women.

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