Radiosynthesis and Evaluation of A Fluorine-18 Radiotracer [18F]FS1P1 for Imaging Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor 1

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Qiu ◽  
Hao Jiang ◽  
Yanbo Yu ◽  
Jiwei Gu ◽  
Jinzhi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Pet Imaging ◽  
Cns Disorders ◽  
Sphingosine 1 Phosphate

Assessment of Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1) expression could be a unique tool to determine the neuroinflammatory status for central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Our preclinical results indicate that PET imaging...

Role of Positron Emission Tomography for Central Nervous System Involvement in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases: Status and Perspectives

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (26) ◽  
pp. 3096-3104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Mauro ◽  
Gaetano Barbagallo ◽  
Salvatore D`Angelo ◽  
Pasqualina Sannino ◽  
Saverio Naty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Pet Imaging ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Cns Involvement ◽  
Systemic Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Positron Emission

In the last years, an increasing interest in molecular imaging has been raised by the extending potential of positron emission tomography [PET]. The role of PET imaging, originally confined to the oncology setting, is continuously extending thanks to the development of novel radiopharmaceutical and to the implementation of hybrid imaging techniques, where PET scans are combined with computed tomography [CT] or magnetic resonance imaging[MRI] in order to improve spatial resolution. Early preclinical studies suggested that 18F–FDG PET can detect neuroinflammation; new developing radiopharmaceuticals targeting more specifically inflammation-related molecules are moving in this direction. Neurological involvement is a distinct feature of various systemic autoimmune diseases, i.e. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus [SLE] or Behcet’s disease [BD]. Although MRI is largely considered the gold-standard imaging technique for the detection of Central Nervous System [CNS] involvement in these disorders. Several patients complain of neuropsychiatric symptoms [headache, epilepsy, anxiety or depression] in the absence of any significant MRI finding; in such patients the diagnosis relies mainly on clinical examination and often the role of the disease process versus iatrogenic or reactive forms is doubtful. The aim of this review is to explore the state-of-the-art for the role of PET imaging in CNS involvement in systemic rheumatic diseases. In addition, we explore the potential role of emerging radiopharmaceutical and their possible application in aiding the diagnosis of CNS involvement in systemic autoimmune diseases.

scholarly journals Positron emission tomography reporter gene strategy for use in the central nervous system

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (23) ◽  
pp. 11402-11407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Haywood ◽  
Corinne Beinat ◽  
Gayatri Gowrishankar ◽  
Chirag B. Patel ◽  
Israt S. Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Reporter Gene ◽  
Pet Imaging ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Adeno Associated Virus ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
The Central Nervous System

There is a growing need for monitoring or imaging gene therapy in the central nervous system (CNS). This can be achieved with a positron emission tomography (PET) reporter gene strategy. Here we report the development of a PET reporter gene system using the PKM2 gene with its associated radiotracer [18F]DASA-23. The PKM2 reporter gene was delivered to the brains of mice by adeno-associated virus (AAV9) via stereotactic injection. Serial PET imaging was carried out over 8 wk to assess PKM2 expression. After 8 wk, the brains were excised for further mRNA and protein analysis. PET imaging at 8 wk post-AAV delivery showed an increase in [18F]DASA-23 brain uptake in the transduced site of mice injected with the AAV mice over all controls. We believe PKM2 shows great promise as a PET reporter gene and to date is the only example that can be used in all areas of the CNS without breaking the blood–brain barrier, to monitor gene and cell therapy.

scholarly journals Do Neurotrophins Connect Neurological Disorders and Heart Diseases?

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1730
Author(s):  
Masashi Fujitani ◽  
Yoshinori Otani ◽  
Hisao Miyajima
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Cardiac Dysfunction ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Cns Disorders ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Pituitary Adrenal Axis

Neurotrophins (NTs) are one of the most characterized neurotrophic factor family members and consist of four members in mammals. Growing evidence suggests that there is a complex inter- and bi-directional relationship between central nervous system (CNS) disorders and cardiac dysfunction, so-called “brain–heart axis”. Recent studies suggest that CNS disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, and depression, affect cardiovascular function via various mechanisms, such as hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis augmentation. Although this brain–heart axis has been well studied in humans and mice, the involvement of NT signaling in the axis has not been fully investigated. In the first half of this review, we emphasize the importance of NTs not only in the nervous system, but also in the cardiovascular system from the embryonic stage to the adult state. In the second half, we discuss the involvement of NTs in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, and then examine whether an alteration in NTs could serve as the mediator between neurological disorders and heart dysfunction. The further investigation we propose herein could contribute to finding direct evidence for the involvement of NTs in the axis and new treatment for cardiovascular diseases.

scholarly journals Applicability and sanitary regulation of nanomedicine in major Central Nervous System (CNS) disorders

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Claudio Tedesco ◽  
Andrielle Castilho-Fernandes ◽  
Tácila Gabriele Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cns Disorders

scholarly journals Role of Adiponectin in Central Nervous System Disorders

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenna Bloemer ◽  
Priyanka D. Pinky ◽  
Manoj Govindarajulu ◽  
Hao Hong ◽  
Robert Judd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Peripheral Circulation ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Cns Disorders ◽  
Brain Functions ◽  
Glucose And Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Antidepressant Effects ◽  
The Brain

Adiponectin, the most abundant plasma adipokine, plays an important role in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. Adiponectin also possesses insulin-sensitizing, anti-inflammatory, angiogenic, and vasodilatory properties which may influence central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Although initially not thought to cross the blood-brain barrier, adiponectin enters the brain through peripheral circulation. In the brain, adiponectin signaling through its receptors, AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, directly influences important brain functions such as energy homeostasis, hippocampal neurogenesis, and synaptic plasticity. Overall, based on its central and peripheral actions, recent evidence indicates that adiponectin has neuroprotective, antiatherogenic, and antidepressant effects. However, these findings are not without controversy as human observational studies report differing correlations between plasma adiponectin levels and incidence of CNS disorders. Despite these controversies, adiponectin is gaining attention as a potential therapeutic target for diverse CNS disorders, such as stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, anxiety, and depression. Evidence regarding the emerging role for adiponectin in these disorders is discussed in the current review.

scholarly journals Cellular Localization of Sphingosine-1-phosphate Receptor 1 Expression in the Human Central Nervous System

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 847-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirotake Nishimura ◽  
Takashi Akiyama ◽  
Isao Irei ◽  
Shuji Hamazaki ◽  
Yoshito Sadahira
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cellular Localization ◽  
Human Central Nervous System ◽  
Sphingosine 1 Phosphate

scholarly journals Stem cell sources and therapeutic approaches for central nervous system and neural retinal disorders

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (3-4) ◽  
pp. E11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Yu ◽  
Gabriel A. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cns Disorders ◽  
Cell Based Therapy ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
Made In

✓ In the past decades, stem cell biology has made a profound impact on our views of mammalian development as well as opened new avenues in regenerative medicine. The potential of stem cells to differentiate into various cell types of the body is the principal reason they are being explored in treatments for diseases in which there may be dysfunctional cells and/or loss of healthy cells due to disease. In addition, other properties are unique to stem cells; their endogenous trophic support, ability to home to sites of pathological entities, and stability in culture, which allows genetic manipulation, are also being utilized to formulate stem cell–based therapy for central nervous system (CNS) disorders. In this review, the authors will review key characteristics of embryonic and somatic (adult) stem cells, consider therapeutic strategies employed in stem cell therapy, and discuss the recent advances made in stem cell–based therapy for a number of progressive neurodegenerative diseases in the CNS as well as neuronal degeneration secondary to other abnormalities and injuries. Although a great deal of progress has been made in our knowledge of stem cells and their utility in treating CNS disorders, much still needs to be elucidated regarding the biology of the stem cells and the pathogenesis of targeted CNS diseases to maximize therapeutic benefits. Nonetheless, stem cells present tremendous promise in the treatment of a variety of neurodegenerative diseases.

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