Surface patterning techniques for proteins on nano- and micro-systems: A modulated aspect in hierarchical structures

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maitri Bhatt ◽  
Pravin Shende
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Hierarchical Structures ◽  
Surface Patterning ◽  
Surface Structures ◽  
Micro Systems ◽  
Advanced Applications

The surface patterning of protein using fabrication or external functionalization of structures demonstrate advanced applications in fields of biomedical research for optics, bioengineering, biosensing and antifouling. Alteration of surface structures...

Multiscale Surface Patterning of Zirconia by Picosecond Pulsed Laser Irradiation

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuka Yamamuro ◽  
Tomotaka Shimoyama ◽  
Isao Yamashita ◽  
Jiwang Yan
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Pulsed Laser ◽  
Surface Patterning ◽  
Yttria Stabilized Zirconia ◽  
Surface Structures ◽  
Stabilized Zirconia ◽  
Periodic Surface ◽  
Thermally Induced ◽  
Pulsed Laser Irradiation

Abstract Irradiation of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) was performed by a picosecond pulsed laser to investigate the possibility for multiscale surface patterning. Nanoscale laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) were successfully generated inside microscale grooves over a large surface area under specific conditions. A thermally induced phase transformation of YSZ was identified after laser irradiation, and this phase transformation was restrained by reducing the laser power or the number of irradiations. Moreover, it was found that the generation of LIPSS greatly changed the surface wettability of YSZ. These results demonstrated the possibility of creating zirconia hybrid patterns with high functionality, which may expand the applications of YSZ in industry.

scholarly journals Effect of Structure Hierarchy for Superhydrophobic Polymer Surfaces Studied by Droplet Evaporation

Nanomaterials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nastasia Okulova ◽  
Peter Johansen ◽  
Lars Christensen ◽  
Rafael Taboryski
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Structures ◽  
Droplet Evaporation ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Surface Structures ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Surface Design ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Extrusion Coating ◽  
Coating Method ◽  
Micro Pillars

Super-hydrophobic natural surfaces usually have multiple levels of structure hierarchy. Here, we report on the effect of surface structure hierarchy for droplet evaporation. The two-level hierarchical structures studied comprise micro-pillars superimposed with nanograss. The surface design is fully scalable as structures used in this study are replicated in polypropylene by a fast roll-to-roll extrusion coating method, which allows effective thermoforming of the surface structures on flexible substrates. As one of the main results, we show that the hierarchical structures can withstand pinning of sessile droplets and remain super-hydrophobic for a longer time than their non-hierarchical counterparts. The effect is documented by recording the water contact angles of sessile droplets during their evaporation from the surfaces. The surface morphology is mapped by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and used together with the theory of Miwa et al. to estimate the degree of water impregnation into the surface structures. Finally, the different behavior during the droplet evaporation is discussed in the light of the obtained water impregnation levels.

scholarly journals Large-Beam Picosecond Interference Patterning of Metallic Substrates

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 4676
Author(s):  
Petr Hauschwitz ◽  
Dominika Jochcová ◽  
Radhakrishnan Jagdheesh ◽  
Martin Cimrman ◽  
Jan Brajer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Laser System ◽  
Hierarchical Structures ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Surface Structures ◽  
Laser Source ◽  
Metallic Substrates ◽  
And Tungsten

In this paper, we introduce a method to efficiently use a high-energy pulsed 1.7 ps HiLASE Perla laser system for two beam interference patterning. The newly developed method of large-beam interference patterning permits the production of micro and sub-micron sized features on a treated surface with increased processing throughputs by enlarging the interference area. The limits for beam enlarging are explained and calculated for the used laser source. The formation of a variety of surface micro and nanostructures and their combinations are reported on stainless steel, invar, and tungsten with the maximum fabrication speed of 206 cm2/min. The wettability of selected hierarchical structures combining interference patterns with 2.6 µm periodicity and the nanoscale surface structures on top were analyzed showing superhydrophobic behavior with contact angles of 164°, 156°, and 150° in the case of stainless steel, invar, and tungsten, respectively.

scholarly journals Fabricating Laser-Induced Periodic Surface Structures on Medical Grade Cobalt–Chrome–Molybdenum: Tribological, Wetting and Leaching Properties

Lubricants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanne van der Poel ◽  
Marek Mezera ◽  
Gert-willem Römer ◽  
Erik de Vries ◽  
Dave Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Frequency ◽  
High Spatial Frequency ◽  
Hierarchical Structures ◽  
Surface Structures ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Laser Source ◽  
Hip Implants ◽  
Periodic Surface ◽  
Cobalt Chrome ◽  
Counter Surface

Hip-implants structured with anti-bacterial textures should show a low-friction coefficient and should not leach hazardous substances into the human body. The surface of a typical material used for hip-implants, namely Cobalt–Chrome–Molybdenum (CoCrMo) was textured with different types of laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS)—i.e., low spatial frequency LIPSS (LSFL), hierarchical structures consisting of grooves superimposed with high spatial frequency LIPSS (HSFL) and Triangular shaped Nanopillars (TNP)—using a picosecond pulsed laser source. The effect of LIPSS on the wettability, friction, as well as wear of the structures, when slid against a polyethylene (PE) counter surface and biocompatibility was analyzed. Surfaces covered with LSFL show superhydrophobicity and grooves with superimposed HSFL, as well as TNP, show hydrophobic behavior. The coefficient of friction (CoF) of LIPSS against a polyethylene (PE) counter surface was found to be higher (ranging from 0.40 to 0.66) than the CoF of (polished) CoCrMo, which was found to equal 0.22. It was found that the samples release cobalt within biocompatible limits. Compared to polished reference surfaces, LIPSS cause higher friction of CoCrMo against PE contact. However, the wear of the PE counter surface only increased significantly for the LSFL textures. For these reasons, it is concluded that LIPSS are not suitable for a heavily loaded metal-on-plastic bearing contact.

Unravelling the role of polyols with increasing carbon chain length and OH groups on the phase transition behavior of PNIPAM

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (16) ◽  
pp. 13708-13717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Payal Narang ◽  
Pannuru Venkatesu
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Conformational Transitions ◽  
Carbon Chain Length ◽  
Phase Transition Behavior ◽  
Thermoresponsive Polymers ◽  
Oh Groups ◽  
Advanced Applications

In advanced applications of pharmaceutical, agricultural and biomedical research, thermoresponsive polymers (TRPs) are potential candidates which show conformational transitions at given temperatures.

Superhydrophobic and superhydrophilic plant surfaces: an inspiration for biomimetic materials

2009 ◽  
Vol 367 (1893) ◽  
pp. 1487-1509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin Koch ◽  
Wilhelm Barthlott
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Structures ◽  
Surface Structures ◽  
Plant Surface ◽  
Epicuticular Waxes ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Surface Wetting ◽  
Biomimetic Materials ◽  
Liquid Transport ◽  
Capillary Liquid ◽  
Plant Surfaces

The diversity of plant surface structures, evolved over 460 million years, has led to a large variety of highly adapted functional structures. The plant cuticle provides structural and chemical modifications for surface wetting, ranging from superhydrophilic to superhydrophobic. In this paper, the structural basics of superhydrophobic and superhydrophilic plant surfaces and their biological functions are introduced. Wetting in plants is influenced by the sculptures of the cells and by the fine structure of the surfaces, such as folding of the cuticle, or by epicuticular waxes. Hierarchical structures in plant surfaces are shown and further types of plant surface structuring leading to superhydrophobicity and superhydrophilicity are presented. The existing and potential uses of superhydrophobic and superhydrophilic surfaces for self-cleaning, drag reduction during moving in water, capillary liquid transport and other biomimetic materials are shown.

Scanning and Transmission Microscopy of Nematocyst Batteries in Epitheliomuscular Cells of Hydra

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 410-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane A. Westfall ◽  
S. Yamataka ◽  
Paul D. Enos
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
External Surface ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Surface Structures ◽  
Transmission Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Scanning Electron

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) provides three dimensional details of external surface structures and supplements ultrastructural information provided by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Animals composed of watery jellylike tissues such as hydras and other coelenterates have not been considered suitable for SEM studies because of the difficulty in preserving such organisms in a normal state. This study demonstrates 1) the successful use of SEM on such tissue, and 2) the unique arrangement of batteries of nematocysts within large epitheliomuscular cells on tentacles of Hydra littoralis.Whole specimens of Hydra were prepared for SEM (Figs. 1 and 2) by the fix, freeze-dry, coat technique of Small and Màrszalek. The specimens were fixed in osmium tetroxide and mercuric chloride, freeze-dried in vacuo on a prechilled 1 Kg brass block, and coated with gold-palladium. Tissues for TEM (Figs. 3 and 4) were fixed in glutaraldehyde followed by osmium tetroxide. Scanning micrographs were taken on a Cambridge Stereoscan Mark II A microscope at 10 KV and transmission micrographs were taken on an RCA EMU 3G microscope (Fig. 3) or on a Hitachi HU 11B microscope (Fig. 4).

Electron Microscopic Observation of Biological Specimens in Their Native State by Employing Cryogenic Techniques

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 410-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tokio Nei ◽  
Haruo Yotsumoto ◽  
Yoichi Hasegawa ◽  
Yuji Nagasawa
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopic Observation ◽  
Surface Structures ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Native State ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Biological Specimen ◽  
Specimen Holder ◽  
Cold Stage ◽  
Preparation Techniques ◽  
Scanning Electron

In order to observe biological specimens in their native state, that is, still containing their water content, various methods of specimen preparation have been used, the principal two of which are the chamber method and the freeze method.Using its recently developed cold stage for installation in the pre-evacuation chamber of a scanning electron microscope, we have succeeded in directly observing a biological specimen in its frozen state without the need for such conventional specimen preparation techniques as drying and metallic vacuum evaporation. (Echlin, too, has reported on the observation of surface structures using the same freeze method.)In the experiment referred to herein, a small sliced specimen was place in the specimen holder. After it was rapidly frozen by freon cooled with liquid nitrogen, it was inserted into the cold stage of the specimen chamber.

Imaging molecules adsorbed onto electrodes under potential control by scanning probe microscopy

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 376-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.J. Tao ◽  
J.A. DeRose ◽  
P.I. Oden ◽  
S.M. Lindsay
Keyword(s):  
Surface Charge ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Scanning Probe Microscopy ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Electrochemical Methods ◽  
Surface Structures ◽  
Scanning Probe ◽  
Potential Control ◽  
Afm Imaging ◽  
Special Circumstances

Clemmer and Beebe have pointed out that surface structures on graphite substrates can be misinterpreted as biopolymer images in STM experiments. We have been using electrochemical methods to react DNA fragments onto gold electrodes for STM and AFM imaging. The adsorbates produced in this way are only homogeneous in special circumstances. Searching an inhomogeneous substrate for ‘desired’ images limits the value of the data. Here, we report on a reversible method for imaging adsorbates. The molecules can be lifted onto and off the substrate during imaging. This leaves no doubt about the validity or statistical significance of the images. Furthermore, environmental effects (such as changes in electrolyte or surface charge) can be investigated easily.

Applications of Scanning Microscopy in Biomedical Research

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 354-355
Author(s):  
T. L. Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Information Content ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dental Enamel ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Whole Mount ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Content Information ◽  
Sectioned Tissue

Biomedical applications of the scanning electron microscope (SEM) have increased in number quite rapidly over the last several years. Studies have been made of cells, whole mount tissue, sectioned tissue, particles, human chromosomes, microorganisms, dental enamel and skeletal material. Many of the advantages of using this instrument for such investigations come from its ability to produce images that are high in information content. Information about the chemical make-up of the specimen, its electrical properties and its three dimensional architecture all may be represented in such images. Since the biological system is distinctive in its chemistry and often spatially scaled to the resolving power of the SEM, these images are particularly useful in biomedical research.In any form of microscopy there are two parameters that together determine the usefulness of the image. One parameter is the size of the volume being studied or resolving power of the instrument and the other is the amount of information about this volume that is displayed in the image. Both parameters are important in describing the performance of a microscope. The light microscope image, for example, is rich in information content (chemical, spatial, living specimen, etc.) but is very limited in resolving power.

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