scholarly journals Steroid metabolism in the rabbit. Biliary and urinary excretion of metabolites of [4-14C]progesterone

1965 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Taylor ◽  
T Scratcherd
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Alkaline Solution ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Steroid Metabolism ◽  
Apparent Difference ◽  
Total Recovery ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits

1. [4-(14)C]Progesterone was administered intravenously to anaesthetized male and female New Zealand White rabbits as a single injection or as a 45-60min. infusion. 2. After a single dose about 60% of the radioactivity was recovered in 6hr., and twice as much radioactivity was present in bile as in urine. After infusion total recovery of radioactivity was only about 40% in 6hr., but the relative proportions of metabolites in bile and urine were about the same as after a single dose. 3. Bile and urine samples were hydrolysed successively by beta-glucuronidase, cold acid and hot acid. 4. In bile the major proportion of metabolites appeared in the glucuronide fraction; in urine beta-glucuronidase hydrolysis yielded the greatest amounts of ether-extractable radioactivity, but the greatest proportion of radioactivity could not be extracted by ether from an alkaline solution of the hydrolysed urine. 5. There was no apparent difference in the quantity or distribution of metabolites excreted by male and female animals.

scholarly journals Steroid metabolism in the rabbit. Biliary and urinary excretion of metabolites of [4-14C]cortisone

1970 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Steroid Metabolism ◽  
Equal Proportion ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Total Excretion

1. [4-14C]Cortisone was administered to anaesthetized male and female New Zealand White rabbits as a single injection or as a 45–60min infusion. 2. The method of administration of the steroid did not significantly affect the total excretion of radioactivity in bile and urine [83.8±10.8%(s.d.)]. 3. The mean ratio of metabolites in urine to those in bile was 0.97±0.23% (range 0.64–1.3). 4. When bile and urine samples were hydrolysed successively by β-glucuronidase, cold acid and hot acid, neutral metabolites extracted by ethyl acetate–ether were found mainly after hydrolysis by β-glucuronidase. 5. An approximately equal proportion of the dose was converted into substances not extractable from alkaline aqueous solution after hydrolysis.

scholarly journals Steroid metabolism in the cat. Biliary and urinary excretion of metabolites of [4−14C]cortisone

1969 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Steroid Metabolism ◽  
Total Recovery ◽  
Neutral Aqueous Solution ◽  
Bile Metabolites

1. [4−14C]Cortisone was administered to anaesthetized male cats as a single injection or as a 45–60min. infusion. 2. After the single dose a total of 69·6–89·6% of the radioactivity was excreted in bile, and 0·5–7·1% in urine. After infusion total recovery in bile was 73·4–92·1%, and 1·2–1·7% in urine. 3. When bile and urine samples were hydrolysed successively by β-glucuronidase, cold acid and hot acid, most of the radioactivity was converted into substances not extractable from neutral aqueous solution by ethyl acetate–ether. 4. In bile, metabolites hydrolysable by β-glucuronidase were found in only small proportions (3–4%) of the dose.

scholarly journals Steroid metabolism in the cat. Biliary and urinary excretion of metabolites of [4-14C]testosterone

1965 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 778-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
SEH Archer ◽  
T Scratcherd ◽  
W Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Steroid Metabolism ◽  
Neutral Aqueous Solution ◽  
Consistent Change

1. [4-(14)C]Testosterone was administered intravenously to anaesthetized male cats as a single injection or as a 45-60min. infusion. 2. Most of the administered radioactivity was excreted in the bile (70-80%); only 2.9-5.5% of the dose was excreted in the urine. 3. Bile and urine samples were hydrolysed successively to yield glucuronide,;cold-acid-hydrolysed′ and; hot-acid-hydrolysed′ fractions. 4. The proportion of glucuronides in bile decreased in successive samples, but cold-and hot-acid-hydrolysed metabolites showed no consistent change. 5. After hydrolysis most of the radioactivity in both bile and urine could not be extracted by ether from neutral aqueous solution.

The Effect of Glucocorticoids on the Expression of L-Selectin on Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte

Blood ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 93 (8) ◽  
pp. 2730-2737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motohito Nakagawa ◽  
Gregory P. Bondy ◽  
Dan Waisman ◽  
Diane Minshall ◽  
James C. Hogg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte ◽  
Glucocorticoid Treatment ◽  
Thymidine Analogue ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
Inflammatory Stimuli ◽  
Baseline Levels ◽  
Glucocorticoid Effect

Abstract When active bone marrow release is induced by inflammatory stimuli, it is associated with an increase in L-selectin expression on circulating polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN). This contrasts sharply with glucocorticoid-induced granulocytosis that is associated with decreased L-selectin expression on PMN. The present study was designed to determine if the reduced L-selectin expression observed after glucocorticoid treatment is the result of suppression of L-selectin synthesis in the bone marrow. New Zealand white rabbits treated with dexamethasone (2.0 mg/kg, a single dose intravenously) were shown to have decreased L-selectin expression on circulating PMN 12 to 24 hours after treatment (P < .01) with a return to baseline levels by 48 hours. When dexamethasone was administered 48 hours after the bone marrow PMN were pulse labeled with the thymidine analogue, 5′-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU), L-selectin expression on BrdU-labeled PMN released from the bone marrow was decreased (P< .01). Dexamethasone decreased L-selectin expression on segmented PMN in the bone marrow (P < .05) but not on PMN already in the circulation. We conclude that glucocorticoids decrease L-selectin expression on circulating PMN by downregulating L-selectin expression in the maturation pool of bone marrow and speculate that this is an important glucocorticoid effect that influences the recruitment of PMN into inflammatory sites.

Effects of dehydration on the heat tolerance of male and female New Zealand White rabbits

1990 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-440
Author(s):  
C. J. Thwaites ◽  
N. B. Baillie ◽  
W. Kasa
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Skin Temperatures

SUMMARYMale and female New Zealand White rabbits were exposed for 3h to 34 °C and 36 °C (both at 40% r.h.) when hydrated and dehydrated. Females had lower rectal and skin temperatures and respiratory rates than males (P < 0·001). Differences between the sexes in rectal temperature were greater at 36 °C than at 34 °C. Withholding water for 24h significantly increased the responses in rectal temperature; the differentials between hydrated and dehydrated males and females being 0·3 °C and 0·2 °C, respectively. In contrast, respiratory rates were lower in dehydrated than in hydrated rabbits, suggesting that the former were attempting water homeostatis at the expense of thermoregulation.The results suggest that the performance of rabbits in the tropics is likely to be maximized when drinking water is available at all times, and that of males, particularly breeding bucks, might be improved simply by housing them in the coolest available location. Significant individual differences in observed responses point to the need for genetic studies of heat tolerance and the possibility of developing better adapted genotypes.

scholarly journals Reversible Fibroadenomatous Mammary Hyperplasia in Male and Female New Zealand White Rabbits Associated with Cyclosporine A Administration

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1144-1148 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Krimer ◽  
S. B. Harvey ◽  
U. Blas-Machado ◽  
J. D. Lauderdale ◽  
P. A. Moore
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Cyclosporine A ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
Mammary Hyperplasia

scholarly journals Ectoparasites and Endoparasites of New Zealand White Rabbits from North West of Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasser HAJIPOUR ◽  
Mohammad ZAVARSHANI
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Sporulated Oocyst ◽  
Sarcoptes Scabiei ◽  
Skin Scraping ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
North West ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
Potential Risks

Background: Rabbits contain several parasites that can be harmful to their health as well as human being’s health due to the probability of causing parasitic zoonosis. The present research was designed to study ectoparasites and endoparasites of New Zealand White rabbits in North West of Iran and potential risks of parasitic zoonosis for researchers and owners. Methods: Totally, 50 rabbits were purchased from rabbit sellers and breeders in suburbs of Urmia and Tabriz between Jul and Dec 2016. The rabbits were assessed for ectoparasites by hair brushing, skin scraping, acetate tape preparation and othic swabs. They were euthanized and inspected for helminths and protozoa infection. Faecal sampling was carried out directly from recti and the oocysts or cysts were isolated using sedimentation and floatation techniques and the sporulated oocyst were identified based on morphological. Results: The following parasites, with their respective prevalence; Nematoda: Passalurus ambigus 54%, Trichostrongylus retortaeformis 42%, Nematodirus leporis 32%, Cestoda: Cysticercus pisiformis 26%, Protozoa: Eimeria steidae 44%, E. magna 30%, E. media 12% and Arthropoda: Sarcoptes scabiei 18% and Cheyletiella parasitivorax 38%. No significant difference was recorded in infection rate between male and female rabbits. Conclusion: Both domestic and wild rabbits are a potential source of human parasitic zoonosis, and strict hygienic practices are recommended during and after handling rabbits or in case of exposure to their feces.

A trial of doramectin injection and ivermectin spot-on for treatment of rabbits artificially infested with the ear mite “Psoroptes cuniculi”

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 521-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.M. Elhawary ◽  
Sh. S.G.H. Sorour ◽  
M.A. El-Abasy ◽  
E.K. Bazh ◽  
K. Sultan
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Great Improvement ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Therapeutic Trial ◽  
Psoroptes Cuniculi ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
The World

Abstract The ear mite “Psoroptes cuniculi” is the main cause of ear mange, a highly contagious parasitic skin disease in rabbits all over the world. In the current work, a preliminary therapeutic trial to study the effect of the broad use acaricides doramectin and ivermectin on P. cuniculi was performed on artificially infested rabbits. Twenty five adult New Zealand white rabbits were used in this study. The rabbits were assigned randomly into five groups/ 5 rabbits in each group. Each rabbit was experimentally infested with 100 mites/ ear. The first group was designated the positive control group and was not treated. The second and third groups were treated with doramectin 200 and 400 μg/kg bw, respectively. Groups 4 and 5 were treated by dressing with ivermectin in one dose and 2 doses with a 1 week interval. After the therapy, all rabbits were examined microscopically on the 7th, 14th, and 28th day post treatment and the number of live mites (larvae, nymphs, and adults) on each rabbit was counted at the end of the experiment (28th day). The results showed that the rabbits treated subcutaneously with doramectin at a single dose of 200 μg /kg bw showed a very low effect, although there was significant improvement when the dose was doubled to 400 μg /kg bw, with the number of mites counted decreasing significantly. Rabbits treated topically with ivermectin spot-on, a single dose or 2 doses, showed great improvement of the lesion: the number of mites was reduced to zero. In conclusion, this work showed that ivermectin spot-on applied locally on infested ears proves to be more effective against P. cuniculi than doramectin injected subcutaneously. Further trials on ear mange therapeutics in rabbits are to be encouraged.

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