scholarly journals The effects of hypoglycin on glucose metabolism in the rat. A kinetic study in vivo and [U-14C,2-3H]glucose

1978 ◽  
Vol 170 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Osmundsen ◽  
D Billington ◽  
J R Taylor ◽  
H S A Sherratt
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Kinetic Study ◽  
Mean Transit Time ◽  
Intravenous Dose ◽  
Total Body Mass ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Kinetics Of

1. The kinetics of glucose metabolism were evaluated in rats deprived of food 15-21 h after the administration of hypoglycaemic doses of hypoglycin (100 mg/kg body wt.) by following changes in the specific radioactivities of 14C and 3H in blood glucose after an intravenous dose of [U-14C,2-3H]glucose [Katz, Rostami & Dunn (1974) Biochem. J. 142, 161-170]. 2. During this time, recycling of glucose through the Cori cycle was virtually abolished, the rate of irreversible disposal of glucose and its total body mass were both decreased by about 70%, whereas there was little effect on the mean transit time for glucose. 3. It was concluded that hypoglycaemia is due to inhibition of gluconeogenesis.

scholarly journals Glucose metabolism and recycling of radioactively labelled glucose in the Zucker genetically obese rat (fa/fa)

1980 ◽  
Vol 186 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
A J Wade
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Mean Transit Time ◽  
Replacement Rate ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Minimal Mass ◽  
Made In

1. The glucose metabolism of conscious lean and obese rats of the Zucker strain was studied by using doubly labelled glucose ([6-3H,U-14C]glucose) given by intravenous injection as a single dose. Fed animals were used, allowing the study to be made in conditions favouring active lipogenesis. 2. At any given prior food intake (consumption during preceding 24 h), the irreversible glucose replacement rate, R0, was considerably higher in the growing obese rat (4-6 months old) when both of these variables were scaled in terms of the total body water of the animals. 3. When scaled in a similar way, the minimal mass of glucose (Mmin.) was also larger in the obese rats. The mean transit time, t, through the pool did not differ significantly between the two groups, but there was a tendency for this to be shorter in obese rats. 4. There was no difference in the proportion of 14C (derived from metabolized labelled glucose) that recycled as [14C]-glucose after passing through the pyruvate pool in the two groups of rats if the rate of recycling of radioactivity (Rc) was expressed as a percentage of R0.

Total body fat content and fat topography are associated differently with in vivo glucose metabolism in nonobese and obese nondiabetic women

Diabetes ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 1151-1159 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Bonora ◽  
S. Del Prato ◽  
R. C. Bonadonna ◽  
G. Gulli ◽  
A. Solini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Body Fat Content ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Total Body

Reabsorption kinetics of albumin from pleural space of dogs

1988 ◽  
Vol 255 (2) ◽  
pp. H375-H385 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Miniati ◽  
J. C. Parker ◽  
M. Pistolesi ◽  
J. T. Cartledge ◽  
D. J. Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Mechanism ◽  
Mean Transit Time ◽  
Input Function ◽  
Pleural Space ◽  
Frequency Function ◽  
Liquid Pressure ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Transit Times ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Kinetics Of

The reabsorption of albumin from the pleural space was measured in eight dogs receiving 0.5 ml intrapleural injection of 131I-labeled albumin and a simultaneous intravenous injection of 125I-labeled albumin. Plasma curves for both tracers were obtained over 24 h. The 125I-albumin curve served as input function of albumin for interstitial spaces, including pleura, whereas the 131I-albumin curve represented the output function from pleural space. The frequency function of albumin transit times from pleural space to plasma was obtained by deconvolution of input-output plasma curves. Plasma recovery of 131I-albumin was complete by 24 h, and the mean transit time from pleura to plasma averaged 7.95 +/- 1.57 (SD) h. Albumin reabsorption occurred mainly via lymphatics as indicated by experiments in 16 additional dogs in which their right lymph ducts or thoracic ducts were ligated before intrapleural injection. A pleural lymph flow of 0.020 +/- 0.003 (SD) ml.kg-1.h-1 was estimated, which is balanced by a comparable filtration of fluid into the pleural space. This suggests that, under physiological conditions, the subpleural lymphatics represent an important control mechanism of pleural liquid pressure.

scholarly journals Standardized MET Value Underestimates the Energy Cost of Treadmill Running in Men

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 890-896
Author(s):  
Helouane Ázara ◽  
Paulo Farinatti ◽  
Adrian Midgley ◽  
Fabrício Vasconcellos ◽  
Patrícia Vigário ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Metabolic Equivalent ◽  
Total Body Mass ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Energy Cost Of Running ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Total Body

AbstractThe main purpose of the present study was to compare the reference metabolic equivalent (MET) value and observed resting oxygen uptake (VO2) for defining cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max) and characterizing the energy cost of treadmill running. A heterogeneous cohort of 114 healthy men volunteered to participate. In Part 1 of the study, 114 men [mean±SD, age: 24±5 years; height: 177.1±7.9 cm; body mass: 75.0±10.0 kg] visited the laboratory twice for assessment of resting and maximal VO2 values to compare the reference MET value vs. observed resting VO2 and to investigate the association between resting VO2 and VO2max. In Part 2, 14 of the 114 men visited the laboratory once more to perform a 30-min bout of running at 8.0 km∙h−1/8.3 METs. The mean observed resting VO2 of 3.26 mL·kg−1·min−1 was lower than the reference MET value of 3.5 mL·kg−1·min−1 (P<0.001). Resting and maximal VO2 values relative to total body mass and fat-free mass were positively correlated (R=0.71 and 0.60, respectively; P<0.001). The maximal MET and energy cost of treadmill running were consequently underestimated when calculated using the reference MET value only for those with low VO2max (P=0.005 to P<0.001). In conclusion, the reference MET value considerably overestimated observed resting VO2 in men with low VO2max, resulting in underestimations of the maximal MET, exercise intensity prescription, and the energy cost of running.

scholarly journals The Comparison of the Total Body Mass between Pre and Postmenopausal Women in Mosul City

2019 ◽  
pp. 1197-1205
Author(s):  
Khalid Ghanim Majeed ◽  
Husham A Thanon ◽  
Basim Idrees Dhannoon ◽  
Haitham B. Fathi
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Total Body Mass ◽  
Post Menopause ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Total Body

In this research, we discussed bone density for women taking into consideration the method of research, we measure the total body mass of women in premenopausal and comparing it with postmenopausal, since the amount of the bone mineral content and bone mineral density, fat mass and lean mass.A cross sectional study conducted at DXA laboratory, Physiology Department, College of Medicine, University of Ninevah, Mosul-Iraq from Jan. 1 - Dec. 31, 2013. Since 174 healthy women recruited from reviewing of college medical academic center. They were divided into two groups: pre menopause group (n = 42) and post menopause group (n= 130). Detailed anthropometric data were gathered from study subjects. The mean age SD of pre-menopause group was (43.37 7.49) year while the mean age SD postmenopausal group (63.63 9.23) years .The T-score, Z-score, Bone Mineral Density (BMD), Bone Mineral Content (BMC), Fat Mass and Lean Mass were measured in the supine position by the use of DXA bone densitometer scanner type (STRATOS) from (DMS) group, France.Bone Mineral Content (BMC) was significantly lower in arm, rib, and thoracic spines. Bone Mineral Density (BMD) in arm, rib, leg and total were significantly low in postmenopausal women. Non-significant differences were noticed between both groups for lean mass. Postmenopausal women having more fat mass than pre menopause group. Both T-score and Z-score for pre menopause and post menopause groups were from class of osteopenia, but it was significantly lower in post menopause group (p-value =0.001, 0.008 respectively).Postmenopausal women were at higher risk of osteoporosis due to lowered Bone Mineral Density , T & Z scores.

The Effects of Thromboxane Antagonism on the Transit Time of Platelets Through the Spleen

1985 ◽  
Vol 54 (02) ◽  
pp. 495-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
A M Peters ◽  
I F Lane ◽  
M Sinclair ◽  
J T C Irwin ◽  
C N McCollum
Keyword(s):  
Transit Time ◽  
Mean Transit Time ◽  
Thromboxane A2 ◽  
Time Measurement ◽  
Thromboxane A2 Receptor ◽  
Group Research ◽  
The Mean ◽  
A Site ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Transit Time Measurement

SummaryThe spleen is well-known as a site for platelet pooling, although the mechanisms controlling intrasplenic platelet transit are essentially unknown. We tested the possibility that thromboxane A2 might be involved in this control by measuring intrasplenic platelet transit time in 10 subjects receiving a specific thromboxane A2 receptor antagonist (AH23848B; 70 mg; Glaxo Group Research Ltd), in 10 receiving aspirin (300 mg) plus dipyridamole (75 mg), and in 9 receiving placebo. All doses were administered 3 times daily commencing 4 days prior to transit time measurement.Mean intrasplenic platelet transit time was measured by monitoring the kinetics of equilibration of 111In radiolabelled platelets between blood and spleen following intravenous injection. There was no difference between the mean transit time in the 3 groups of subjects, lending no support to the hypothesis that thromboxane A2 is involved in the control of platelet traffic through the spleen.

The Diagnostic Value of Thrombopoietin Level Measurements in Thrombocytopenia

1998 ◽  
Vol 79 (06) ◽  
pp. 1101-1105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leendert Porcelijn ◽  
Claudia Folman ◽  
Bernadette Bossers ◽  
Elly Huiskes ◽  
Marijke Overbeeke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Diagnostic Information ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Autoimmune Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Platelet Destruction ◽  
Total Body Mass ◽  
Platelet Production ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Total Body

SummaryIt has been reported that blood trombopoietin (TPO) levels can discriminate between thrombocytopenia due to increased platelet destruction and decreased platelet production. With our TPO ELISA and a glycocalicin ELISA we analysed a large group of patients in detail and could confirm and amplify the above notion in detail.TPO levels were determined in plasma from 178 clinically and serologically well-defined thrombocytopenic patients: 72 patients with idiopathic autoimmune thrombocytopenia (AITP), 29 patients with secondary AITP, 5 patients with amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia and 72 patients who suffered from various diseases (46 in whom megakaryocyte deficiency was not and 26 in whom it was expected). In addition, we measured the level of glycocalicin as a marker of total body mass of platelets.In all patients with primary AITP and secondary AITP, TPO levels were within the normal range or in some (n = 7) cases only slightly increased. The level of glycocalicin was not significantly different from that of the controls (n = 95). The patients with amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia had strongly elevated TPO levels and significantly decreased glycocalicin levels. Similarly, among the 72 thrombocytopenic patients with various disorders, elevated TPO levels were only found in patients in whom platelet production was depressed. The mean level of glycocalicin in these patients was decreased compared to that in controls and patients with AITP, but was not as low as in patients with amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia.In conclusion, all patients with depressed platelet production had elevated levels of circulating TPO, whereas the TPO levels in patients with an immune-mediated thrombocytopenia were mostly within the normal range. Therefore, measurement of plasma TPO levels provides valuable diagnostic information for the analysis of thrombocytopenia in general.Moreover, treatment with TPO may be an option in AITP.

Relationship between endogenous 3-methylhistidine excretion and body composition

1981 ◽  
Vol 240 (3) ◽  
pp. E302-E307 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. C. Lukaski ◽  
J. Mendez ◽  
E. R. Buskirk ◽  
S. H. Cohn
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Total Body Potassium ◽  
Dietary Restrictions ◽  
Meat Diet ◽  
Dietary Period ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Muscle Protein Degradation ◽  
Free Body ◽  
Total Body

Fourteen healthy men (aged 20-30 yr) consumed two isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets in the sequence of a 4-day meat diet (MD) followed by a 7-day meal-free diet (MFD). Urinary 3-methylhistidine (3MH) excretion during the MD (513 +/- 21 mumol . day-1, mean +/- SE) was significantly higher (P less than 0.01) than day 3 of the MFD (230 +/- 10 mumol . day-1), after which the mean daily 3MH output was constant with a mean coefficient of variation of 4.5%. There was no change in fat-free body mass (FFBM) determined by densitometry at the start (62.3 +/- 1.8 kg) and the end (62.2 +/- 1.9 kg) of the 11-day dietary period. Mean muscle mass (MM) calculated from measurements of total-body potassium and nitrogen was 23.4 +/- 1.3 kg. Endogenous 3MH excretion was related more closely to MM (r = 0.91, P less than 0.001) than to FFBM measured by densitometry (r = 0.81, P less than 0.001). Only a low correlation coefficient (r = 0.33, P less than 0.05) was observed between 3MH and the nonmuscle component of FFBM. Urinary creatinine output also was correlated significantly with 3MH (r = 0.87; P less than 0.001) and MM (r = 0.79; P less than 0.01). It is concluded that because endogenous 3MH is significantly related to MM in man, it can be used as a marker to study in vivo total-body muscle protein degradation provided that the necessary dietary restrictions are observed.

scholarly journals Disturbance in glucose metabolism in patients with lichen planus

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
A. S. M. Zakaria ◽  
Md. Kamal Hossain ◽  
Mohammed Saiful Islam Bhuiyan ◽  
Abida Sultana ◽  
Mahmudur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Lichen Planus ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Abnormal Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Insulin Resistance Index ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Level 2

<p>The aim of this study was to see the association of lichen planus (n=80) with glucose metabolism disturbance. Classic variety of lichen planus was the most common (76.3%), followed by ashy dermatosis, hypertrophic, oral, actinic and nail lichen planus. The blood glucose level 2 hours after glucose drink was abnormal in 20 cases. HbA<sub>1</sub>c was abnormal in 7 cases. The mean homeostasis model of assessment formulation- insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was 2.1 ± 1.6 and it was higher (&gt;4.8) in 12.5% patients. Diabetes mellitus was found in 30 patients. Impaired glucose tolerance was found in 15 cases and high HOMA-IR was found in 10 cases. Total number of cases of abnormal glucose metabolism was found in 55 (68.8%) cases of lichen planus. In conclusion, patients with lichen planus  have higher risk of abnormal glucose metabolism specially diabetes mellitus.</p>

DIABETIC INTERSTITIAL GLUCOSE IN THE SKIN TISSUE BY ATR-FTIR SPECTROSCOPY VERSUS CAPILLARY BLOOD GLUCOSE

2010 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 81-90
Author(s):  
NATALJA SKREBOVA EIKJE
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Ftir Spectroscopy ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Skin Tissue ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Interstitial Glucose

Recently introduced horizontal attenuated total reflectance (HATR) Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy for real-time assessment and continuous monitoring of glucose biomolecules in the skin tissue directly on the patients might appear a promising alternative to interpret the activity of interstitial glucose metabolism in vivo by means of evaluating the dynamics of changes of glucose concentrations in interstitial fluid (IF). In the present study, in vivo spectra by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy were obtained post-prandially during a 120–180-minute continuous monitoring in three patients with type 2 diabetes and compared to pre-prandial spectra. In all patients with diabetes interstitial glucose levels at 1030 and 1041 cm-1 reflected the best relationship with blood glucose. The lag time (LT) required for glucose to diffuse from the capillary to epidermal skin tissue was calculated between 0 and 60 minutes at all measured glucose biomolecules. Data showed intra- and inter-subject variations of each glucose biomolecule, pointing to similarities and differences among interstitial glucose metabolism of the patients. Finally, the findings suggest that HATR-FTIR spectroscopy might have the potential for clinical interpretation of activity of glucose metabolism for diagnosis, management, and treatment of patients with diabetes.

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