Microvascular dysfunction: causative role in the association between hypertension, insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome?

2006 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 163-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik H. Serné ◽  
Renate T. de Jongh ◽  
Etto C. Eringa ◽  
Richard G. Ijzerman ◽  
Michiel P. de Boer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Microvascular Dysfunction ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Causative Role ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Potential Factor

The metabolic syndrome defines a clustering of metabolic risk factors that confers an increased risk for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The metabolic syndrome seems to have multiple etiological factors and microvascular dysfunction may be one potential factor explaining the clustering of multiple metabolic risk factors including hypertension, obesity, insulin resistance and glucose intolerance. Microvascular dysfunction may increase not only peripheral vascular resistance and blood pressure, but may also decrease insulin-mediated glucose uptake in muscle. The present article summarizes some of the data concerning the role of microvascular dysfunction in the metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Metabolic Syndrome and Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity in Youth

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aristides M. Machado-Rodrigues ◽  
Neiva Leite ◽  
Manuel J. Coelho e Silva ◽  
João Valente-dos-Santos ◽  
Raul A. Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Run Test

Background:Associations of metabolic syndrome (MetS) with lifestyle behaviors in youth is potentially important for identifying subgroups at risk and encourage interventions. This study evaluates the associations among the clustering of metabolic risk factors and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in youth.Methods:The sample comprised 522 girls and 402 boys (N = 924) aged 11 to 17 years. Height, weight, waist circumference (WC), fasting glucose, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and blood pressures were measured. Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) was assessed using the 20-m shuttle run test. MVPA was estimated with a 3-day diary. Outcome variables were statistically normalized and expressed as z scores. A clustered metabolic risk score was computed as the mean of z scores. Multiple linear regression was used to test associations between metabolic risk and MVPA by sex, adjusted for age, WC, and CRF.Results:After adjustment for potential confounders, MVPA was inversely associated with the clustering of metabolic risk factors in girls, but not in boys; in addition, after adjusting for WC, the statistical model of that relationship was substantially improved in girls.Conclusion:MVPA was independently associated with increased risk of MetS in girls. Additional efforts are needed to encourage research with different analytical approach and standardization of criteria for MetS in youth.

scholarly journals Metabolic syndrome risk factors are associated with white rice intake in Korean adolescent girls and boys

2015 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
SuJin Song ◽  
Hee Young Paik ◽  
Won O. Song ◽  
YoonJu Song
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Carbohydrate Intake ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Total Carbohydrate ◽  
White Rice ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk

In the present study, we examined the associations of total carbohydrate intake, dietary glycaemic load (DGL) and white rice intake with metabolic syndrome risk factors by sex in Korean adolescents. For the present cross-sectional study, data from the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007–9) were used. A total of 2209 adolescents (n 1164 boys and n 1045 girls) aged 10–18 years with complete anthropometric, biochemical and dietary intake data were included in the study. Dietary intake data were obtained using the 24 h recall method, and total carbohydrate intake, DGL and white rice intake were divided into quartiles by sex. The metabolic syndrome and its risk factors were defined using the International Diabetes Federation criteria for children and adolescents. Fasting insulin levels and insulin resistance were included as the metabolic syndrome risk factors. All statistical analyses considered the complex sampling design effect and appropriate sampling weights. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to estimate means with their standard errors of the mean for the metabolic syndrome risk factors across the quartiles of total carbohydrate intake, DGL and white rice intake. While high DGL was significantly associated with increased fasting glucose levels in boys, high total carbohydrate intake, DGL and white rice intake were consistently associated with reduced HDL-cholesterol levels in girls. High white rice intake was significantly associated with an increased risk of insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome in girls but not in boys. Optimising dietary carbohydrate intake with respect to the source or amount is fundamental to preventing and managing metabolic diseases in Asian adolescents.

scholarly journals Metabolic risk factors and ovarian cancer in the Metabolic Syndrome and Cancer project

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 1667-1677 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Bjorge ◽  
A. Lukanova ◽  
S. Tretli ◽  
J. Manjer ◽  
H. Ulmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cancer Project

scholarly journals Case–Control Study of the Metabolic Syndrome and Metabolic Risk Factors for Endometrial Cancer

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 2384-2395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine M. Friedenreich ◽  
Rita K. Biel ◽  
David C.W. Lau ◽  
Ilona Csizmadi ◽  
Kerry S. Courneya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Metabolic risk factors and cervical cancer in the metabolic syndrome and cancer project (Me–Can)

2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. 330-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanno Ulmer ◽  
Tone Bjørge ◽  
Hans Concin ◽  
Annekatrin Lukanova ◽  
Jonas Manjer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cancer Project

scholarly journals Overnutrition, ectopic lipid and the metabolic syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 1082-1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott M Grundy
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Atherogenic Dyslipidemia ◽  
Current View ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

The metabolic syndrome is a constellation of metabolic risk factors including atherogenic dyslipidemia (elevated serum triglycerides, reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol), elevated blood pressure, dysglycemia (insulin resistance and elevated serum glucose), a pro-inflammatory state, and a prothrombotic state. Most persons with metabolic syndrome are obese, and usually have abdominal obesity. Generally, obesity is a reflection of overnutrition. A current view is that when adipose tissue fails to store all excess nutrients as triglyceride, lipid begins to accumulate in various tissues (eg, muscle, liver, pancreas, and heart). This accumulation is called ectopic lipid. Various mechanisms have been proposed whereby ectopic lipid is detrimental in different tissues; these derangements induce metabolic risk factors. The foundation of the metabolic syndrome thus appears to be overnutrition, that is, more nutrient intake than can be safely disposed by lipid oxidation. Excess dietary carbohydrate also induces ectopic lipid. Of interest, less than half of obese individuals develop metabolic syndrome. Through various mechanisms they adapt to overnutrition so as to minimize lipid overload in tissues, and consequently, prevent the syndrome.

scholarly journals Restorative yoga and metabolic risk factors: The Practicing Restorative Yoga vs. Stretching for the Metabolic Syndrome (PRYSMS) randomized trial

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 406-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alka M. Kanaya ◽  
Maria Rosario G. Araneta ◽  
Sarah B. Pawlowsky ◽  
Elizabeth Barrett-Connor ◽  
Deborah Grady ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome
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