Effect of Aging on Energy-Rich Phosphagens in Human Skeletal Muscles

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 553-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Möller ◽  
J. Bergström ◽  
P. Fürst ◽  
K. Hellström
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Adenine Nucleotides ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Biopsy Specimens ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Total Creatine ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Apparently Healthy

1. Biopsy specimens of muscle obtained after an overnight rest from 14 men and eight women, apparently healthy subjects (age range 52–79 years), were analysed for pyruvate, lactate and energy-rich phosphagens. 2. Values for metabolites showed no sex differences. Compared with previous findings in men and women about 40 years younger, the intramuscular concentrations of both total adenine nucleotides and phosphocreatine were approximately 5% lower in the elderly. Creatine was correspondingly increased, but total creatine was unchanged, as were the ATP and the ATP/ADP ratio. 3. It was concluded that energy-rich compounds showed significant but small age-related variations.

Changes in the Human Vocal Tract Due to Aging and the Acoustic Correlates of Speech Production

2003 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 689-701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve An Xue ◽  
Grace Jianping Hao
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Vocal Tract ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Acoustic Reflection ◽  
Dimensional Changes ◽  
Formant Frequencies ◽  
Age Related

This investigation used a derivation of acoustic reflection (AR) technology to make cross-sectional measurements of changes due to aging in the oral and pharyngeal lumina of male and female speakers. The purpose of the study was to establish preliminary normative data for such changes and to obtain acoustic measurements of changes due to aging in the formant frequencies of selected spoken vowels and their long-term average spectra (LTAS) analysis. Thirty- eight young men and women and 38 elderly men and women were involved in the study. The oral and pharyngeal lumina of the participants were measured with AR technology, and their formant frequencies were analyzed using the Kay Elemetrics Computerized Speech Lab. The findings have delineated specific and similar patterns of aging changes in human vocal tract configurations in speakers of both genders. Namely, the oral cavity length and volume of elderly speakers increased significantly compared to their young cohorts. The total vocal tract volume of elderly speakers also showed a significant increment, whereas the total vocal tract length of elderly speakers did not differ significantly from their young cohorts. Elderly speakers of both genders also showed similar patterns of acoustic changes of speech production, that is, consistent lowering of formant frequencies (especially F1) across selected vowel productions. Although new research models are still needed to succinctly account for the speech acoustic changes of the elderly, especially for their specific patterns of human vocal tract dimensional changes, this study has innovatively applied the noninvasive and cost-effective AR technology to monitor age-related human oral and pharyngeal lumina changes that have direct consequences for speech production.

Transversely Isotropic Model of Osteonal Cortical Bone: Contribution of Haversian and Resorptive Porosity

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Neil Dong ◽  
Y. Young Huang ◽  
X. Edward Guo
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Transversely Isotropic ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Haversian Canal ◽  
Isotropic Model ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Osteoclastic Resorption ◽  
Old Men

Abstract Age related changes in porosity of cortical bone have been previously reported. The cortical porosity increases with age in both men and women, from 4.6% in men and 4% in women at age 40 to 10% and more at age 80 (Laval-Jeantet et al., 1983). The porosity is defined as the percentage of cortical bone occupied by vascular and resorption cavities. There are a few quantitative data regarding the influences of Haversian canal and resorption space on porosity. Age related increases in Haversian canal size and Haversian canal number contribute to the increasing porosity of cortical bone for the elderly men and women (Thompson, 1980; Nyssen-behets et al., 1997). The number of osteoclastic resorption space is also greater in the old men than in the young men (Nyssen-Behets et al., 1997).

scholarly journals Some Features of Verbal-Logical Thinking in the Norm and in Schizotypic Disorder (Using the Example of the Fourth Extra Technique)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 100-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kobzova ◽  
N.V. Zvereva ◽  
O. Shchelokova
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Normative Sample ◽  
Standard Score ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Classical Studies ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Modern Sample

Тhis article is devoted to the study of the features of thinking in modern subjects in the group of practical norms. Two interrelated problems were posed: using the modified classical pathopsychological technique " Fourth Extra" to analyze the features of thinking in a modern sample of healthy men and women in a wide age range from 17 to 70 years; The second task is to analyze the same features in a narrowly aged sample of patients with schizotypic disorder of adolescence (17-28 years). The results of the research showed that, in the modern sample, the character of the actualized features has changed, on the basis of which a generalization is made. An essential example: as the study showed, at the present time the criteria "edible-inedible", "animate-inanimate" became either less frequent, or lost the same significance as in the 1960s-1970s, when classical studies were conducted by T.K. Meleshko. Now the other functional signs of objects come to the fore: motion, size, texture, etc. Comparison of the data of healthy subjects and their peers with schizotypic disorder did not reveal significant differences in the standard score (based on new normative data) in the Fourth Extra technique. Apparently, this reflects a shift, primarily in the normative sample, in connection with the new social development situation. The obtained data require consideration when conducting diagnostic clinical and psychological research.

scholarly journals The ego-function and sexuality in male and female patients with epilepsy

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
V. G. Sosnina ◽  
D. M. Saraykin ◽  
L. V. Lipatova
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Clinical Interview ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Ego Functions ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy ◽  
Structure Test ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Aim:to study the sexuality aspects of the “Ego-function” in male and female patients with epilepsy.Material and methods. A group of 102 respondents (52 patients diagnosed with epilepsy and 50  apparently healthy subjects) aged 19 to 45 years were examined with the help of a clinical interview and the Ammon’s Ego-Structure Test.Results.We found significant differences between men and women with epilepsy when the  patients were tested for “destructive anxiety”, “constructive outer ego-demarcation”, “deficient  outer ego-demarcation”, “constructive sexuality”, and “deficient sexuality”. Also, significant  differences were found between women in the “healthy” and “epilepsy” groups when they were  scored for “destructive anxiety”, “deficit outer ego-demarcation”, and “deficient sexuality”.  Likewise, significant  differences were noted between men in these two groups when scored for  “deficient aggression”, “constructive outer ego-demarcation”, and “deficient sexuality”.Conclusion.Formation and maintenance of normal sexuality in patients with epilepsy is impaired by the disabled central Ego-functions.

AGE-RELATED CHANGES OF THE PROFILE FIELD OF NEURONS OF THE AREA 7 OF THE BRAIN OF MEN AND WOMEN IN THE PROCESS OF THE AGING

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
P. A. Agapov ◽  
I. N. Bogolepova ◽  
L. I. Malofeeva
Keyword(s):  
Pyramidal Neurons ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Female Brain ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Age Related Changes ◽  
Profile Field

The aim of the work is to study changes in the profile field of pyramidal neurons in the cortex of field 7 of the brain of men and women in the aging process. A cytoarchitectonic study of the cortex of field 7 of the upper parietal region of the brain of men and women was carried out on a series of frontal paraffin sections stained by the Nissl method. The brain preparations of men and women of three age groups were studied: the groups of mature age (from 20 to 60 years), the elderly group (from 60 to 75 years) and the group of senile age (from 75 years and older). In each age group, 5 preparations of the male brain and 5 preparations of the female brain were studied. Age-related changes in the cytoarchitectonics of the profile field of pyramidal neurons in the cytoarchitectonic layers of the third and fifth cortex fields 7 of the brain of men and women were studied. As a result of the study, it was revealed that in the process of aging of the brain of men and women, changes in similar morphometric indicators of field 7 cortex occur at different age periods, the dynamics of age-related changes in functionally different cytoarchitectonic layers III and V of the cerebral cortex of men and women are also different.

Biological Variation of Cardiac Markers: Analytical and Clinical Considerations

1998 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
S M Ross ◽  
C G Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Biological Variation ◽  
Cardiac Markers ◽  
Creatine Kinase Mb ◽  
Methodological Improvement ◽  
Clinical Considerations ◽  
Total Creatine ◽  
Apparently Healthy

The analytical, within-subject and between-subject components of variation were estimated for serum total creatine kinase (TCK) activity, CK-MB (creatine kinase-MB) activity, CK-MB mass, ratios of CK-MB activity and CK-MB mass to TCK activity and myoglobin concentration in a cohort of 16 apparently healthy subjects over 5 days. Analytical goals based on biological variation showed that, for all quantities except CK-MB mass, methodological improvement is warranted. All cardiac markers showed marked individuality which casts doubt on the utility of conventional population-based reference values as interpretative criteria. The critical differences required for significance of changes in serial results differ markedly from marker to marker and the data allow generation of objective criteria for monitoring individuals.

scholarly journals 437 - The elderly and their sexuality: specific challenges and the roleof the psychiatrist

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. 54-55
Author(s):  
Catarina Pedro ◽  
Beatriz Jorge ◽  
Daniela Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
Natural Aging ◽  
Later Life ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Body Contact ◽  
Low Sexual Desire ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Medication Side

AbstractThe model of sexuality currently in force is a young, genitalized model, that does not tolerate failures and often forgets about affective communication, sharing and body contact. This model is also not compatible with the natural aging process, generating manymyths about sexuality in later life.Although a taboo subject, the majority (up to 70%) of healthy 70-year-olds revealedthemselves to be sexually active even with some sexual dysfunction reports. Low sexual desire (up to 43%) was the most prevalent reported sexual difficulty in women, and erectiledifficulties (up to 37%) were most prevalent among men.Aging impacts sexuality in various ways: age-related organic/metabolic changes in men and women; age-related affective and cognitive changes also in both genders; age-and duration-related changes in a couple’s dynamic interaction, which can lead to discrepancy between the partners and their sexual narratives.In the sexual response cycle, aging affects the stages of desire, arousal/excitement,plateau, orgasm, and resolution/refractory period both men and women.Depressed mood as well as the use of antidepressant drugs, deterioration of cognitive function and difficulties to communicate can cause loss of intimacy and emotional closeness which then may result in sexual withdrawal and difficulties. Repetitive experiences of failure increase even more the couple distress.There are also to consider medical conditions, medication side effects, loss of physical capacity, subjective loss of attractiveness, lack of a partner, institutionalization or living withtheir children, which can be obstacles to sexual activity in the elderly.Diagnostic workup has to integrate not only general medical, gynecological, urological andpsychiatric factors, but also take a systemic perspective which deals with the interaction pattern of the partners. Treatment of sexual dysfunctions in later life combines biomedical interventions with psychotherapeutic and psychosocial strategies. An essential therapeutic contribution for allcouples is, however, basic counseling and psychoeducation. Explaining how aging has an impact and how other individuals and couples experience these changes is an important step in empowering the couple, clarifying and correcting the sociocultural myths andencouraging the couple to build their very own sexuality.

scholarly journals Age-Related Cognitive Decline and the Olfactory Identification Deficit Are Associated to Increased Level of Depression

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Sanna ◽  
Francesco Loy ◽  
Raffaella Piras ◽  
Alan Moat ◽  
Carla Masala
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Odor Identification ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
Systematic Account ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Depression Level ◽  
Age Related Cognitive Decline ◽  
Age Range

PurposePrevious studies reported a correlation between olfactory function and depression. However, in literature, no data are available for the correlation between depression and all other factors such as age, sex, olfactory, gustatory, and cognitive function in healthy subjects taken together. The aim of this study was to provide a systematic account regarding the association between those variables in a non-clinical population.MethodsTwo hundred and seventy-three participants were recruited with an age range of 19–84 years. Olfactory, gustatory, cognitive function, and depression level were evaluated by means of the following tests: the Sniffin’ Sticks test, Taste Strips test, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI).ResultsIn our data, an age-related decrease in olfactory and gustatory function and a decline in cognitive functions such as attention, memory, and language were observed. Instead, no significant differences were observed for the depression level in relation to the different age ranges. However, our results indicated that the depression level could be associated to sex, odor identification impairment, and decreased attention and language.ConclusionSex, the odor identification impairment, and an age-related decrease in attention and language are associated with increased level of depression in healthy subjects. Our data can be useful and informative for health care workers, that is, to have adequate preventive strategies to be used whenever these conditions are detected and recognized.

scholarly journals The type of blood supply to the heart and the total length of coronary arteries in men and women in the second period of mature and elderly age

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
V. Y. Milyukov ◽  
T. S. Zharikova
Keyword(s):  
Blood Supply ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Age ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
Second Period

The goal of the work is to identify gender peculiarities and age-related changes in the length of the coronary arteries in the norm. 161 coronaroangiograms of men and women aged 36-74 years without signs of pathological changes of the coronary arteries were studied. The programs «Syngo Fast View», «Adobe Photoshop CS7», «Microsoft Excel», «SPSS» were used. In elderly people, the length of the branches of the right and left coronary arteries and their total length is greater than in people of the second period of adulthood. In the elderly, there is a decrease in the difference in the length of the branches of the channel of the right and left coronary arteries. The type (type) of blood supply of the heart can be determined, based on the evaluation of the coronary bed: the length of the coronary arteries and the volume of blood supply to them tissues.

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