Denture base polymer Alldent SinomerR: mechanical properties, water sorption and release of residual compounds

Abstract Objective The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of filler content, degradation media and time on the mechanical properties of different dental composites after in vitro aging. Materials and Methods Specimens (1 mm3) of three commercially available composites (GrandioSO®, Arabesk Top®, Arabesk Flow®) with respect to their filler content were stored in artificial aging media: artificial saliva, ethanol (60%), lactic acid (pH 5) and citric acid (pH 5). Parameters (Vickers microhardness, compressive strength, elastic modulus, water sorption and solubility) were determined in their initial state (control group, n = 3 for microhardness, n = 5 for the other parameters) and after 14, 30, 90 and 180 days (n = 3 for microhardness, n = 5 for the other parameters for each composite group, time point and media). Specimens were also characterized with dynamic-mechanical-thermal analysis (compression tests, F = ± 7 N; f = 0.5 Hz, 1 Hz and 3.3 Hz; t = 0–170 °C). Results Incorporation of fillers with more than 80 w% leads to significantly better mechanical properties under static and dynamic compression tests and a better water sorption behavior, even after chemical degradation. The influence of degradation media and time is of subordinate importance for chemical degradation. Conclusion Although the investigated composites have a similar matrix, they showed different degradation behavior. Since dentine and enamel occur only in small layer thickness, a test specimen geometry with very small dimensions is recommended for direct comparison. Moreover, the use of compression tests to determine the mechanical parameters for the development of structure-compatible and functionally adapted composites makes sense as an additional standard. Clinical relevance Preferential use of highly filled composites for occlusal fillings is recommended.

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Comparison of Mechanical Properties of PMMA Disks for Digitally Designed Dentures

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13111745 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 1745

Author(s):

Tamaki Hada ◽

Manabu Kanazawa ◽

Maiko Iwaki ◽

Awutsadaporn Katheng ◽

Shunsuke Minakuchi

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Flexural Strength ◽

Water Sorption ◽

Water Solubility ◽

Flexural Modulus ◽

Manufacturing Method ◽

Heat Curing ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Cad Cam ◽

Curing Method

In this study, the physical properties of a custom block manufactured using a self-polymerizing resin (Custom-block), the commercially available CAD/CAM PMMA disk (PMMA-disk), and a heat-polymerizing resin (Conventional PMMA) were evaluated via three different tests. The Custom-block was polymerized by pouring the self-polymerizing resin into a special tray, and Conventional PMMA was polymerized with a heat-curing method, according to the manufacturer’s recommended procedure. The specimens of each group were subjected to three-point bending, water sorption and solubility, and staining tests. The results showed that the materials met the requirements of the ISO standards in all tests, except for the staining tests. The highest flexural strength was exhibited by the PMMA-disk, followed by the Custom-block and the Conventional PMMA, and a significant difference was observed in the flexural strengths of all the materials (p < 0.001). The Custom-block showed a significantly higher flexural modulus and water solubility. The water sorption and discoloration of the Custom-block were significantly higher than those of the PMMA-disk, but not significantly different from those of the Conventional PMMA. In conclusion, the mechanical properties of the three materials differed depending on the manufacturing method, which considerably affected their flexural strength, flexural modulus, water sorption and solubility, and discoloration.

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Mechanical Properties and Biocompatibility of Urethane Acrylate-Based 3D-Printed Denture Base Resin

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13050822 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 822

Author(s):

Jy-Jiunn Tzeng ◽

Tzu-Sen Yang ◽

Wei-Fang Lee ◽

Hsuan Chen ◽

Hung-Ming Chang

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

3D Printing ◽

Flexural Modulus ◽

Measurement Data ◽

Uv Exposure ◽

Control Group ◽

Urethane Acrylate ◽

Shore Hardness ◽

Digital Light Processing ◽

Denture Base

In this study, five urethane acrylates (UAs), namely aliphatic urethane hexa-acrylate (87A), aromatic urethane hexa-acrylate (88A), aliphatic UA (588), aliphatic urethane triacrylate diluted in 15% HDD (594), and high-functional aliphatic UA (5812), were selected to formulate five UA-based photopolymer resins for digital light processing (DLP)-based 3D printing. Each UA (40 wt%) was added and blended homogenously with ethoxylated pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (40 wt%), isobornyl acrylate (12 wt%), diphenyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxide (3 wt%), and a pink acrylic (5 wt%). Each UA-based resin specimen was designed using CAD software and fabricated using a DLP 3D printer to specific dimensions. Characteristics, mechanical properties, and cytotoxicity levels of these designed UA-based resins were investigated and compared with a commercial 3D printing denture base acrylic resin (BB base) control group at different UV exposure times. Shore hardness-measurement data and MTT assays were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance with Bonferroni’s post hoc test, whereas viscosity, maximum strength, and modulus were analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test (α = 0.05). UA-based photopolymer resins with tunable mechanical properties were successfully prepared by replacing the UA materials and the UV exposure times. After 15 min of UV exposure, the 5812 and 594 groups exhibited higher viscosities, whereas the 88A and 87A groups exhibited lower viscosities compared with the BB base group. Maximum flexural strength, flexural modulus, and Shore hardness values also revealed significant differences among materials (p < 0.001). Based on MTT assay results, the UA-based photopolymer resins were nontoxic. In the present study, mechanical properties of the designed photopolymer resins could be adjusted by changing the UA or UV exposure time, suggesting that aliphatic urethane acrylate has good potential for use in the design of printable resins for DLP-type 3D printing in dental applications.

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Water sorption and mechanical properties of cassava starch films and their relation to plasticizing effect

Carbohydrate Polymers ◽

10.1016/j.carbpol.2005.01.003 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 60 (3) ◽

pp. 283-289 ◽

Cited By ~ 352

Author(s):

S. Mali ◽

L.S. Sakanaka ◽

F. Yamashita ◽

M.V.E. Grossmann

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Water Sorption ◽

Cassava Starch ◽

Starch Films

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Effect of nitrile butadiene rubber/Al2O3/YSZ fillers for PMMA denture base on the thermal and mechanical properties

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry ◽

10.1007/s10973-018-7563-6 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 134 (2) ◽

pp. 941-951 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ahmed Omran Alhareb ◽

Hazizan Md Akil ◽

Zainal Arifin Ahmad

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Butadiene Rubber ◽

Thermal And Mechanical Properties ◽

Denture Base ◽

Nitrile Butadiene Rubber

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Improvement in Mechanical Properties of High Concentration Particle Doped Thermoset Composites

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.442.335 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 442 ◽

pp. 335-341

Author(s):

N. Ahmed ◽

Mohammad Bilal Khan

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Thermal Response ◽

Chain Extension ◽

Cross Linking ◽

High Concentration ◽

Viscoelastic Composite ◽

Thermoset Composites ◽

Storage And Loss Moduli ◽

Base Polymer ◽

Sequential Addition

The paper relates to high concentration particle doped composites based on thermosetting polymer systems in which the sequential addition of particles of certain size distribution is followed by curing and casting of the slurry to form a thermoset composite. Conventionally, at a threshold of beyond 90% of particles by weight of the polymer using triglyceride, the mechanical properties of the composite exhibit a sharp decline. The present research mitigates this behavior by incorporating a unique combination of cross-linking agents in the base polymer to impart exceptional mechanical properties to the composite. More specifically, the base polymer consists of butadiene, with triglyceride as cross-linking agent together with hydroxy-alkane as the chain extension precursors, when tune to the appropriate level of hard segment ratio in the polymer. An added advantage according to the present work resides in the analytical nature of butadiene pre-polymer as opposed to natural product; traditional composites based on natural sources are hampered by their inconsistent chemical composition and poor shelf life in the fabricated composite. The thermoset composite according the present research exhibits superior tensile strength (200-300 psi) properties using particle loading as high as 92% by weight of the fabricated composite as measured on a Tinius Olsen machine. Dynamic Mechanical Testing reveals interesting combination of storage and loss moduli in the fabricated specimens as a function of optimizing the thermal response of the viscoelastic composite to imposed vibration loading.

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Influence of Different Concentration and Ratio of a Photoinitiator System on the Properties of Experimental Resin Composites

Brazilian Dental Journal ◽

10.1590/0103-6440201701372 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 28 (6) ◽

pp. 726-730 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Caio Vinícius Signorelli Grohmann ◽

Eveline Freitas Soares ◽

Eduardo José Carvalho Souza-Junior ◽

William Cunha Brandt ◽

Regina Maria Puppin-Rontani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Elastic Modulus ◽

Flexural Strength ◽

Tertiary Amine ◽

Water Sorption ◽

Water Solubility ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Resin Composites ◽

Amine Concentration ◽

One Way Anova

Abstract The aim in this study was to evaluate the influence of different ratio of camphorquinone/tertiary amine concentration on the flexural strength (FS), elastic modulus (EM), degree of conversion (DC), yellowing (YL), water sorption (WS) and water solubility (WSL) of experimental composites. Thus, acrylate blends were prepared with different camphorquinone (CQ) and amine (DABE) concentrations and ratios by weight: (CQ/DABE%): 0.4/0.4% (C1), 0.4/0.8% (C2), 0.6/0.6% (C3), 0.6/1.2% (C4), 0.8/0.8% (C5), 0.8/1.6% (C6), 1.0/1.0% (C7), 1.0/2.0% (C8), 1.5/1.5% (C9), 1.5/3.0% (C10). For the FS and EM, rectangular specimens (7x2x1 mm, n=10) were photo-activated by single-peak LED for 20 s and tested at Instron (0.5 mm/min). Then, the same specimens were evaluated by FTIR for DC measurement. For YL, disks (5x2 mm, n=10) were prepared, light-cured for 20 s and evaluated in spectrophotometer using the b aspect of the CIEL*a*b* system. For WS and WSL, the volume of the samples was calculated (mm³). For WS and WSL, composites disks (5x0.5 mm, n=5) were prepared. After desiccation, the specimens were stored in distilled water for 7 days and again desiccated, in order to measure the WS and WSL. Data were submitted to one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (5%). The groups C8, C9 and C10 showed higher DC, EM and YL means, compared to other composites. Therefore, the FS and WS values were similar among all groups. Also, C1, C2 and C3 presented higher WSL in 7 days, compared to other composites. In general, higher concentrations of camphorquinone promoted higher physical-mechanical properties; however, inducing higher yellowing effect for the experimental composites

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