One-Year Prevalence of Migraine in Sweden: A Population-Based Study in Adults

A randomly selected sample of 1668 individuals (782 women and 886 men) aged 18–74 years was interviewed by telephone using a standardized questionnaire including the International Headache Society (IHS) criteria for migraine. The survey was performed by SIFO, the national public opinion poll agency. The results obtained demonstrate that 21% of the Swedish population had suffered from severe headaches during the past year. A majority of these headache sufferers (61%) fulfilled the IHS-criteria for migraine. The 1-year prevalence of migraine in Sweden was found to be 13.2 ± 1.9% (16.7% among women and 9.5% among men). The prevalence of migraine in this Swedish population did not differ between the northern, middle and southern part of Sweden, or between urban and rural areas or different income groups. Only about half (49%) of the migraineurs had been diagnosed by a physician. Among the individuals who fulfilled the IHS criteria for migraine the mean attack-frequency was 1.3 per month and the mean attack-duration was 19 h. If the duration of the attack was disregarded as a strict criterion for migraine (attacks < 4 h and > 72 h were included), the prevalence increased to 17.0 ± 1.9% without affecting the sex distribution. With this amendment, 92% of those who considered their headaches to be migraine or migraine-like in fact fulfilled the alternative criteria for migraine. However, only 76% of those who believed that they had migraine or migraine-like headaches fulfilled the strict IHS criteria for migraine. An extension of the time window from 4 to 72 h may be reasonable both from a pragmatic and from a rational clinical point of view.

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Salt intake and blood pressure in Iranian children and adolescents: a population-based study

BMC Cardiovascular Disorders ◽

10.1186/s12872-021-01876-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Hassan Emamian ◽

Hossein Ebrahimi ◽

Hassan Hashemi ◽

Akbar Fotouhi

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Salt Intake ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Population Based ◽

World Health ◽

Second Phase ◽

Salt Consumption ◽

The Mean

Abstract Background Previous studies have reported a high prevalence of hypertension in Iranian students, especially in rural areas. The aim of this study was to investigate the daily intake of salt in students and its association with high blood pressure. Methods A random sub-sample was selected from the participants of the second phase of Shahroud schoolchildren eye cohort study and then a random urine sample was tested for sodium, potassium and creatinine. Urine electrolyte esexcretion and daily salt intake were calculated by Tanaka et al.’s formula. Results Among 1455 participants (including 230 participants from rural area and 472 girls), the mean age was 12.9 ± 1.7 year and the mean daily salt intake was 9.7 ± 2.6 g (95% CI 9.5–9.8). The mean salt consumption in rural areas [10.8 (95% CI 10.4–11.2)] was higher than urban areas [9.4 (95% CI 9.3–9.6)], in people with hypertension [10.8 (95% CI 10.3–11.3)] was more than people with normal blood pressure [9.4 (95% CI 9.3–9.6)], and in boys [9.8 (95% CI 9.7–10.0)] was more than girls [9.3 (95% CI 9.1–9.6)]. Higher age, BMI z-score, male sex and rural life, were associated with increased daily salt intake. Increased salt intake was associated with increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Conclusion Daily salt intake in Iranian adolescents was about 2 times the recommended amount of the World Health Organization, was higher in rural areas and was associated with blood pressure. Reducing salt intake should be considered as an important intervention, especially in rural areas.

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Late Complications following Endoscopic Sphincterotomy for Choledocholithiasis: A Swedish Population-Based Study

Diagnostic and Therapeutic Endoscopy ◽

10.1155/2014/745790 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

A. Langerth ◽

L. Brandt ◽

A. Ekbom ◽

B.-M. Karlson

Keyword(s):

Acute Pancreatitis ◽

Endoscopic Sphincterotomy ◽

Acute Cholangitis ◽

Common Bile Duct Stones ◽

Population Based ◽

Late Complications ◽

Swedish Population ◽

The Mean

In order to assess the risk of long-term complications following endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES) for common bile duct stones (CBDS), we conducted a cohort study. The study included 1,113 patients who underwent ES for CBDS in six different hospitals in central Sweden between 1977 and 1990. Through the use of the Swedish population registry, each patient was assigned five population-based controls matched for sex and age. Linkage to the Inpatient Registry yielded information on morbidity and mortality for the patients as well as for the controls. After one year of washout, there were 964 patients available for follow-up. The mean age was 70.6 years, 57% were women, and the mean length of follow-up was 8.9 years. The patients’ overall morbidity was significantly higher and we observed a tendency towards increased mortality as well. Recurrent CBDS was diagnosed in 4.1% of the patients. Acute cholangitis with a hazard ratio (HR) of 36 (95%CI 11–119.4) was associated with recurrent CBDS in 39% of the patients. HR for acute pancreatitis was 6.2 (95%CI 3.4–11.3) and only one patient had CBDS at the same time. In conclusion, we consider acute pancreatitis and cholangitis both as probable long-term complications after ES.

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Sleep Quality and Its Associated Factors among Low-Income Adults in a Rural Area of China: A Population-Based Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph15092055 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (9) ◽

pp. 2055 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Wenwen Wu ◽

Wenru Wang ◽

Zhuangzhuang Dong ◽

Yaofei Xie ◽

Yaohua Gu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sleep Quality ◽

Low Income ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Population Based ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Chinese Adults ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Related Factors ◽

Health Related ◽

The Mean

Background: There is limited population-based research focusing on sleep quality among low-income Chinese adults in rural areas. This study aimed to assess sleep quality among low-income adults in a rural area in China and identify the association between sleep quality and sociodemographic, lifestyle and health-related factors. Methods: The study was conducted from September to November in 2017 using a cross-sectional survey questionnaire. A total of 6905 participants were recruited via multistage, stratified cluster sampling. Data were collected using the Chinese versions of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Food Frequency Questionnaire, while we also determined the sociodemographic profiles of the participants. Results: The mean age of the sample was 58.71 ± 14.50 years, with 59.7% being male, while the mean duration of daily sleep was 5.95 ± 1.31 h, with 56.7% reportedly experiencing poor sleep quality. Multiple regression analysis revealed that older age, unemployment, lower income, disability and chronic disease comorbidities were significant factors associated with an increased risk of poor sleep quality for both genders. Moreover, married and higher education level were associated with decreased risk of poor sleep quality for females, while a meat-heavy diet and illness during the past two weeks increased the risk of poor sleep quality for males. Conclusions: Sociodemographic, lifestyle and health-related factors had an impact on the frequently poor sleep quality of low-income Chinese adults in rural areas. Thus, comprehensive measures must be developed to address the modifiable predictive factors that can possibly enhance sleep quality.

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Smoking in adults in the municipality of Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil: a population-based study

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia ◽

10.1590/1809-4503201400040016 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 989-1000 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Patricia Merly Martinelli ◽

Creso Machado Lopes ◽

Pascoal Torres Muniz ◽

Orivado Florencio de Souza

Keyword(s):

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Linear Trend ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Lower Amount ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Waking Up ◽

Urban And Rural Areas

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the associations between smoking and socioeconomic status, and to analyze the profile of smokers in the city of Rio Branco, Acre. METHODS: A population-based cross-sectional study conducted with 1,512 adults living in urban and rural areas. Information about demographic aspects, socioeconomic status and smoking habits were collected through home interviews. Crude and adjusted prevalence ratios with their respective 95% confidence intervals were calculated by Poisson regression. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of smoking was of 19.9%. Males had a higher prevalence (22.7%) in contrast to females (17.6%). By age, a higher prevalence was observed at 50 - 59 years in males (30.9%) and at 40 - 49 years in females (23.8%). A linear trend was observed between the higher prevalence of smoking and the lower amount of years of education and income (p < 0.05). The profile of smokers indicated that the majority, in both genders, began smoking at age 15, smoked between 1 and 10 cigarettes per day, lit the first cigarette of the day 60 minutes after waking up and had tried to quit smoking at least twice. CONCLUSION: The high prevalence of smoking is a relevant public health problem in Rio Branco. Community actions must be implemented for the prevention and control of tobacco use.

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Epidemiology and associated factors of atopic dermatitis in Malagasy children

Allergy Asthma & Clinical Immunology ◽

10.1186/s13223-019-0398-2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

F. A. Sendrasoa ◽

I. M. Ranaivo ◽

N. H. Razanakoto ◽

M. Andrianarison ◽

O. Raharolahy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atopic Dermatitis ◽

Low Income ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Age Of Onset ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

History Of ◽

The Mean ◽

Urban And Rural Areas ◽

Duration Of Breastfeeding

Abstract Background Little is known about the epidemiology and associated factors of childhood AD in the markedly different, low-income, tropical environment like Madagascar. Methods We aim to assess the epidemiology and associated factors of AD in individuals fewer than 15 years of age in Antananarivo Madagascar. It was a retrospective and descriptive study over a period of 7 years (2010 to 2016) in children 6 months to 14 years in the Department of Dermatology, Joseph Raseta Befelatanana Antananarivo Madagascar. The diagnosis of AD was based on clinical data. Results The prevalence of AD was 5.6% in children aged 6 months to 14 years. The details of 151 cases of atopic dermatitis were analyzed. The mean age of patients was 4 years. There was a female preponderance (sex ratio: 0.7). A family history of AD was noted in 56 cases (37%). No association between breast-feeding and AD was found. The age of onset of AD was before the age of 3 months in 7.5% and between 6 months to 5 years in 70%. Children born in March (dry season) had the highest risk of AD. Consultations for AD increased during the winter (from July to October; p = 0.005). However, the prevalence of AD was similar in urban and rural areas. Conclusion Weather may have an impact on the prevalence of atopic dermatitis in Madagascar. No significant correlation was found between the duration of breastfeeding and AD, as well as urbanization.

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Headache Prevalence Among Adolescents — The German DMKG Headache Study

Cephalalgia ◽

10.1111/j.1468-2982.2007.01289.x ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 347-354 ◽

Cited By ~ 101

Author(s):

K Fendrich ◽

M Vennemann ◽

V Pfaffenrath ◽

S Evers ◽

A May ◽

...

Keyword(s):

International Headache Society ◽

Primary Headache ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Tension Type Headache ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Primary Headache Disorders ◽

Ihs Criteria ◽

Probable Migraine ◽

Type Headache

This population-based cross-sectional study examined the 3-month prevalence of headache, migraine and tension-type headache (TTH) among adolescents aged 12-15 years in Germany Students ( n = 3324) from 20 schools completed a questionnaire on general and headache-specific pain which included a sociodemographic module. The headache-specific questionnaire complied with the respective revised criteria of the International Headache Society (IHS). 'Modified criteria' changed the item 'duration' in migraine (>30 min instead of >4 h). The overall 3-month prevalence of headache was 69.4% (boys 59.5%, girls 78.9%), with 4.4% of the adolescents suffering from frequent (≥ 14 days/3 months) and severe (grade 8-10 on a 10-point visual analogue scale) headache and 1.4% (boys 0.9%, girls 1.9%) from headache ≥15 days/month. The 3-month prevalence of migraine was 2.6% (boys 1.6%, girls 3.5%) applying strict IHS criteria and 6.9% (boys 4.4%, girls 9.3%) with modified criteria; 12.6% (boys 8.3%, girls 16.7%) suffered from probable migraine, 0.07% fulfilled the criteria for chronic migraine, 4.5% (boys 4.6%, girls 4.3%) suffered from TTH, 0.2% from chronic TTH and 15.7% (boys 14.5%, girls 16.9%) from probable TTH. Headache and migraine were more common in girls than in boys and in teenagers, especially in girls, aiming at higher education. Recurrent headache and primary headache disorders are common complaints among German adolescents, especially among girls.

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Regional Variations in the Prevalence of Migraine and Tension-Type Headache Applying the new IHS Criteria: The German DMKG Headache Study

Cephalalgia ◽

10.1111/j.1468-2982.2008.01699.x ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 48-57 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

V Pfaffenrath ◽

K Fendrich ◽

M Vennemann ◽

C Meisinger ◽

K-H Ladwig ◽

...

Keyword(s):

International Headache Society ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Population Based ◽

Tension Type Headache ◽

Regional Variations ◽

Face To Face ◽

German Regions ◽

Ihs Criteria ◽

Probable Migraine ◽

Type Headache

The prevalence of migraine and tension-type headache (TTH) varies considerably with respect to gender, age group and geographic regions. Methodological differences in the assessment and classification of cases are a major cause of this variability across studies, limiting the ability to perform true regional comparisons. We conducted three population-based studies in different German regions and assessed headache prevalence and headache characteristics in face-to-face interviews, applying standardized methods. We analysed the 6-month prevalence of migraine, TTH and their probable subtypes based on the new criteria of the International Headache Society (IHS). Among the 7417 participants in all three regions, the pooled 6-month prevalence of migraine, probable migraine, TTH and probable TTH was 6.75, 4.40, 19.86 and 11.61%, respectively. Despite the application of standardized classification methods, regional variations between 4.39 and 8.00% for migraine and 15.44 and 23.64% for TTH were observed, indicating differences in the local headache burden. Application of the new IHS criteria yielded headache categories that were not mutually exclusive, indicating a need for further discussion about the value of probable headache types in epidemiological studies.

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Attitudes and Burden of disease among Self-Considered Migraineurs — a Nation-wide Population-based Survey in Sweden

Cephalalgia ◽

10.1111/j.1468-2982.2004.00703.x ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 24 (6) ◽

pp. 455-465 ◽

Cited By ~ 83

Author(s):

M Linde ◽

C Dahlöf

Keyword(s):

Burden Of Disease ◽

Population Based ◽

Negative Influence ◽

Postal Survey ◽

Swedish Population ◽

The Mean ◽

Number Of Individuals ◽

General Swedish Population ◽

Wide Population ◽

Population Based Survey

The authors have earlier reported a 1-year prevalence of 13.2 ± 1.9% for migraine in Sweden. This is a subsequent extensive postal survey of the burden of disease and attitudes among migraineurs in a sample ( n = 423, 23% men and 77% women, aged 18-74 years) randomly recruited from all main regions of the country, representative of adults in the general Swedish population with self-considered migraine. Results are presented only from participants who after analysis of symptoms were found to fulfil the International Headache Society's migraine criteria. In order to assess headache duration open-mindedly, the strict time criterion 4-72 h was deliberately disregarded as an inclusion criterion. Individuals who did not consider themselves to have migraine were excluded. Less than half of the group (45%) had received a diagnosis of migraine from a physician. Accordingly, a large number of individuals that would not have come to attention in a clinic-based study have been included. The mean attack frequency was 1.3 per month, and the number of attacks per year in Swedish adults is approximately 10 million. A minority (27%) of sufferers have a majority (68%) of all attacks. The mean attack duration was 19 h. A considerable number of individuals reported attacks < 4 h (15.8%) or > 72 h (6.4%). Less than half of the individuals recovered completely between the attacks. Despite this, only every fourth (27%) participant was currently consulting a physician (6% regularly; 21% occasionally). Most of the migraineurs reported absence from school or work, a negative influence of migraine on the most important aspects of life, and an interest in testing other treatments for migraine during the last year. Of those ( n = 231) migraineurs who had consulted a physician, about 60% were satisfied with information given or treatment offered. This implies, however, that there is still room for improvement in the management of migraine in Sweden.

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Associations between Fast-Food Restaurants Surrounding Kindergartens and Childhood Obesity: Evidence from China

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18179334 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (17) ◽

pp. 9334

Author(s):

Chenyang Wang ◽

Zhiping Zhen ◽

Nan Zhao ◽

Chenlin Zhao

Keyword(s):

Childhood Obesity ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Fast Food ◽

Positive Association ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prevalence Of Obesity ◽

Fast Food Restaurants ◽

The Mean ◽

Urban And Rural Areas ◽

Definition Of

The prevalence of obesity among preschool children has risen dramatically due to the influx of Western fast food in China. In this study, we aimed to provide clear evidence on the associations between fast-food restaurants and childhood obesity. We collected and combined three unique cross-sectional datasets: physical fitness data, geographic information, and the financial data of each kindergarten. The two-stage least squares were used for empirical analyses. The final data including 75,730 children were from 785 kindergartens in 82 cities and 23 provinces in China in 2018. The mean age of participants was 4.94 ± 0.87; 34,249 (45.2%) females and 41,481 (54.8%) males. The number of fast-food restaurants within 1, 2, and 3 km radii had a significant and positive correlation with obesity, and this correlation decreased as the radius increased. Furthermore, the distance to the nearest fast-food restaurant had a significant and negative correlation with obesity. Western fast-food restaurants contributed more to obesity than the broader definition of fast-food restaurants. There was marked heterogeneity between urban and rural areas. Our findings documented that fast-food restaurants had a significant and positive association with childhood obesity, thus the restriction of fast-food restaurants surrounding kindergartens might be considered.

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