scholarly journals On the tonehole lattice cutoff frequency of conical resonators: applications to the saxophone

Acta Acustica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Erik Petersen ◽  
Tom Colinot ◽  
Jean Kergomard ◽  
Philippe Guillemain
Keyword(s):  
Input Impedance ◽  
Cutoff Frequency ◽  
Cutoff Frequencies ◽  
Methods Of Analysis ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Cylindrical Resonators

The tonehole lattice cutoff frequency is a well-known feature of woodwind instruments. However, most analytic studies of the cutoff have focused on cylindrical instruments due to their relative geometric simplicity. Here, the tonehole lattice cutoff frequency of conical instruments such as the saxophone is studied analytically, using a generalization of the framework developed for cylindrical resonators. First, a definition of local cutoff of a conical tonehole lattice is derived and used to design “acoustically regular” resonators with determinate cutoff frequencies. The study is then expanded to an acoustically irregular lattice: a saxophone resonator, of known input impedance and geometry. Because the lattices of real instruments are acoustically irregular, different methods of analysis are developed. These methods, derived from either acoustic (input impedance) or geometric (tonehole geometry) measurements, are used to determine the tonehole lattice cutoff frequency of conical resonators. Each method provides a slightly different estimation of the tonehole lattice cutoff for each fingering, and the range of cutoffs across the first register is interpreted as the acoustic irregularity of the lattice. It is shown that, in contrast with many other woodwind instruments, the cutoff frequency of a saxophone decreases significantly from the high to low notes of the first register.

Preamplifier With Ultra Low Frequency Cutoff for Infrasonic Condenser Microphone

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasmus Trock Kinnerup ◽  
Arnold Knott ◽  
Ole Cornelius Thomsen ◽  
Kresten Marbjerg ◽  
Per Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Input Impedance ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Cutoff Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Input Resistance ◽  
Bias Current ◽  
Microphone Signal ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Pass Filter ◽  
Condenser Microphone

Measuring infrasonic sound sets high requirements on the instruments used. Typically the measurement chain consists of a microphone and a preamplifier. As the input resistance of the preamplifier forms a high pass filter with the capacitance of the microphone in the picofarad range, measuring ultra low frequencies becomes a challenge. The electric preamplifier presented in this paper together with a prepolarized condenser microphone form a measurement system. The developed preamplifier connects the microphone signal directly to the input of an operational amplifier with ultra high input impedance. The bias current for the preamplifier further complicates the signal amplification. A configuration of two diode-connected FETs provide the input bias current. The resulting input impedance of nearly 1 TΩ yields a total lower limiting −3 dB cutoff frequency of 8 mHz and a dynamic range of 95 dB. Being able to measure down to ultra low frequencies in the infrasonic frequency range will aid actors in the debate on wind turbine noise. Sonic booms from supersonic flights include frequencies down to 10 mHz and the preamplifier proposed in this paper will aid scientists trying to modify the N-shaped shock wave at high level which prohibits flights in land zones.

Estimate of the Optimum Cutoff Frequency for the Butterworth Low-Pass Digital Filter

1999 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 318-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Yu ◽  
David Gabriel ◽  
Larry Noble ◽  
Kai-Nan An
Keyword(s):  
Digital Filter ◽  
Cutoff Frequency ◽  
Sampling Frequency ◽  
Residual Analysis ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Raw Data ◽  
Standard Data ◽  
Cutoff Frequencies ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Low Pass

The purposes of this study were (a) to develop a procedure for objectively determining the optimum cutoff frequency for the Butterworth low-pass digital filler, and (b) to evaluate the cutoff frequencies derived from the residual analysis. A set of knee flexion-extension angle data in normal gait was used as the standard data set. The standard data were sampled at different sampling frequencies. Random errors with different magnitudes were added to the standard data to create different sets of raw data with a given sampling frequency. Each raw data set was filtered through a Butterworth low-pass digital filter at different cutoff frequencies. The cutoff frequency corresponding to the minimum error in the second time derivatives for a given set of raw data was considered as the optimum for that set of raw data. A procedure for estimating the optimum cutoff frequency from the sampling frequency and estimated relative mean error in the raw data set was developed. The estimated optimum cutoff frequency significantly correlated to the true optimum cutoff frequency with a correlation determinant value of 0.96. This procedure was applied to estimate the optimum cutoff frequency for another set of kinematic data. The calculated accelerations of the filtered data essentially matched the measured acceleration curve. There is no correlation between the cutoff frequency derived from the residual analysis and the true optimum cutoff frequency. The cutoff frequencies derived from the residual analysis were significantly lower than the optimum, especially when the sampling frequency is high.

scholarly journals Effects of fixed cutoff filtering on dark- and light-adapted ERG components and the application of variable cutoff filter

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Gao ◽  
Mirella Telles Salgueiro Barboni ◽  
Dora Fix Ventura ◽  
Balázs Vince Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Cutoff Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Oscillatory Potentials ◽  
Transition Range ◽  
Cutoff Frequencies ◽  
Frequency Components ◽  
Filter Frequency ◽  
High Pass

Abstract Purpose Human oscillatory potentials (OPs) are derived from dark-adapted (DA) electroretinograms (ERGs) with fixed frequency cutoff filters while light-adapted (LA) OPs are generally not isolated from ERGs. Our purpose was to analyze the effect of cutoff frequencies on DA and LA ERG components using a series of fixed and variable filters. Methods DA and LA ERGs were recorded from 10 healthy eyes of 10 subjects (mean age = 20.5 ± 6.7 years) following ISCEV standards. Each signal was filtered in the Fourier domain to acquire slow (a- and b-waves; below cutoff frequency) and fast (OPs; above cutoff frequency) components. Fixed cutoff frequencies ranged from 60 to 105 Hz and a variable cutoff frequency was calculated. Results were analyzed with statistical tests and specific models. Results DA ERG components were slightly influenced by the filter cutoff frequency. In contrast, fixed and variable filters significantly changed LA components: the lower the cutoff frequency the smaller the b-wave and OP3 and the higher the OP2/OP4 amplitudes. Analyzing the filter frequency limits a transition range between 68.9 Hz and 83.9 Hz was observed where amplitudes vary. Conclusions The present report shows that DA OPs may be isolated from ERGs using filtering procedures with high-pass cutoff frequency at about 75 Hz as recommended by ISCEV. On the other hand, the spectral distribution of low-frequency and high-frequency LA ERG components may overlap. Accordingly, filtering the signal using different cutoff frequencies is not necessarily separating b-wave and OPs.

scholarly journals Emotional intelligence in the professional life of a security manager

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksander Sapiński ◽  
Stanisław Ciupka ◽  
Ryszard Tomanik
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Professional Life ◽  
Professional Work ◽  
Methods Of Analysis ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Source Materials

The aim of this paper is to present considerations related to the meaning and role of emotional intelligence in the professional work of security manager. The very issue of emotional intelligence is richly described in the literature on the subject, therefore the authors decided to use for the preparation of this study the methods of analysis of source materials and the methods of observation and development of own experiences resulting from many years of professional life practice. The meaning and essence of the article describes not the very definition of a security manager but the influence of emotional intelligence on his or her professional work, especially in the conditions of mixing influence of many cultures. Responsiveness is a sendoff of a matter that is supported by a person's emotional intelligence, referred to in the article as a "driver". In the article, the functional triangle of emotional intelligence which consists of a protective, creative and motivating function and is presented on the basis of Goleman's work. The article is summarized in a form of a practical message that can be used for further research.

scholarly journals School textbook as an object of pedagogical research

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 02009
Author(s):  
Yaroslava Kodliuk ◽  
Nadiya Bibik ◽  
Ihor Kodliuk ◽  
Liubov Kodliuk ◽  
Olha Radchenko
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
School Textbook ◽  
Teaching Aids ◽  
Methods Of Analysis ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Pedagogical Research

The article deals with investigations of scientists in the field of school textbook theory. The material has been structured taking into account the main components of this field of knowledge: purpose (the dual essence of this type of educational literature has been revealed – it is a carrier of educational content and teaching aids; position of the textbook as a model of integral learning process has been substantiated (systematization, consolidation and control, self-education, integrating, coordinating, developmental-educational), structure (general didactic structure of the school textbook covers the text and non-text components – the apparatus of mastering, illustrative material, orientation apparatus), methods of analysis and evaluation (distinguish traditional and theoretical) – analytical and formalized methods; the structural-functional approach to the textbook analysis has been proved). The peculiarities of textbooks for elementary school have been analyzed: the most complete definition of this phenomenon has been formulated; the leading functions of the textbook addressed to junior students have been defined – informational, developmental, educational, motivational; the features of structural components (taking into account the age of students) have been specified; methods of analysis and evaluation of the textbook have been classified: methods of analysis of the manuscript, methods of evaluation of the textbook itself, diagnostic evaluation ex post facto; a comprehensive approach to the analysis of textbooks for elementary school has been proposed; methods of analysis of certain aspects of the textbook (motivational component, developmental orientation, etc.) have been offered.

scholarly journals Assessment Methods of Partnering Relations of Polish, Slovak and Ukrainian Construction Enterprises with the Use of Fuzzy Logic / Metodyka Oceny Relacji Partnerskich Polskich, Słowackich I Ukrainskich Przedsiebiorstw Budowlanych Z Wykorzystaniem Logiki Rozmytej

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Radziszewska-Zielina
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Mathematical Analysis ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Assessment Methods ◽  
Construction Enterprises ◽  
Methods Of Analysis ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract The paper shows methods of analysis and assessment of partnering relations of construction enterprises with the use of questionnaires, statistics, and fuzzy logic. The results were obtained from Polish, Slovak and Ukrainian enterprises. The definition of partnering in the construction industry indicates that it is a qualitative concept. By applying a scale in the questionnaire, and due to mathematical analysis of the data, the final research result, showing the level of partnering relations of construction enterprises, is rendered quantitatively

scholarly journals The Strategic Determinants of Formation of Competitive Advantages of Innovative Development of Enterprise

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (525) ◽  
pp. 267-273
Author(s):  
Y. Y. Kopcha ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Development Strategies ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Managerial Decisions ◽  
Methods Of Analysis ◽  
Definition Of

The scientific article is aimed at defining and studying the basis of strategic determinants of the formation of competitive advantages of innovative development of enterprise. Using methods of analysis, systematization, generalization and synthesis, the works of domestic and foreign scholars on the peculiarities of ensuring strategic determinants of the formation of competitive advantages of innovative development of enterprise were studied. It is noted that the strategic determinants of innovative development of enterprise are the reasons, factors and conditions that encourage the management of enterprise towards activities, managerial decisions and development of business models that lead to the formation of innovative development strategies implemented through the use of modern innovative, digital, process-oriented and cognitive instruments designed to achieve long-term goals of the enterprise in ensuring competitive advantages. As a result of the research, the structural construction of strategic determinants of innovative development of enterprise in the conditions of achieving competitive advantages is formed and substantiated. The main tendencies of modern aspects of competitive advantages of innovative development of enterprises are identified. The peculiarities of formation of innovative development of competitive advantages of enterprise within terms of strategic determinants are considered. Prospects for further research in this direction are the definition of practical aspects of strategic determinants of the formation of competitive advantages of innovative development of enterprises in a crisis. Deepening the research is directed towards the use of competitive advantages of innovative development by enterprises in the field of management of economic potential.

scholarly journals VIDEODESIGN PRODUCTION: DEFINITIONS, STAGES AND MAIN COMPONENTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 54-62
Author(s):  
I. V. Dovzhenko ◽  
A. L. Yavorsky ◽  
I. A. Pastarnak
Keyword(s):  
Video Production ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Film Production ◽  
Video Editing ◽  
Methods Of Analysis ◽  
Independent Process ◽  
Post Production ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Definition Of

The purpose of the study is to define the characteristics of the concept of "videodesign production", to analyze the stages of videodesign production and identify their main components. Methodology. The research uses methods of analysis, synthesis, identification, formalization and systematization, which allow us to consider the videodesign production and its stages as hierarchically subordinate integrity. Results. The research of production through the prism of film, video production, cinematographic activity, film production is carried out. The definition of the term "videodesign production" is given. The distinctive characteristics between the terms "video production" and "film production", "videography", "video editing" are revealed. The main stages of videodesign production are established and analyzed, namely: "zero", pre-production, production, post-production, presentation. Their main components are identified. Scientific novelty. The research of videodesign as an independent process of videodesign product production is carried out, the definition of the term "videodesign production", its stages and main components is formulated. The practical significance of the study is due to the expansion and deepening of knowledge about videodesign in terms of its implementation through production. The processed information and materials allowed to determine the leading stages and components of the videodesign production and can be used in further research on videodesign.

Ecological taxation in the world theory and Russian practice: Theoretical aspects

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1135-1150
Author(s):  
N.A. Zatsarnaya
Keyword(s):  
Tax System ◽  
Methods Of Analysis ◽  
Original Definition ◽  
The World ◽  
World Theory ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Russian Law ◽  
Definition Of

Subject. This article discusses the theoretical aspects of definition and identification of the Ecological Taxation category. Objectives. The article aims to clarify the Ecological Taxation term, classify ecological taxes according to the features identified in the formulation of the definition and analyze the tax system of Russia. Methods. For the study, I used the methods of analysis and synthesis, and classification. Results. The article refers to the problems of interpreting the Ecological Taxation term and gives its original definition, on the basis of which it is proposed to classify taxes according to different criteria. The article also describes the principles of ecological taxation, analyzes the Russian tax system, and defines taxes that can be recognized as ecological in accordance with the original definition. Conclusions. There is no definition of an ecological tax in the Russian law. At the same time, there are common attributes for the Russian and foreign theories, under which taxes can be called ecological. The tax cannot be considered ecological if the proceeds from it are spent on causing even greater harm to the environment.

THE IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE LEGISLATIVE PROCESS ON HUMAN RIGHTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
TOMAS MOLODTSOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Legislative Process ◽  
Additional Measure ◽  
Human Rights Protection ◽  
Methods Of Analysis ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Automation Tools ◽  
The Impact

The article is devoted to the definition of artificial intelligence and its impact on human rights in the context of lawmaking activity. Purpose of the article: this paper aims to investigate the main approaches to understanding artificial intelligence and the consequences of its integration into the legislative process, as well as to assess the impact of artificial intelligence on human rights. The purpose of the article is also to identify the risks of such influence and ways to level them. Methodology and methods: this article uses general scientific methods of analysis, especially empirical and dialectical, which allow to consider raised issues comprehensively. The author also uses methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction. Conclusions: as the result of this research, the author comes to the conclusion that artificial intelligence, understood as both an exclusively automated tool and a pure consciousness, can significantly optimize the current lawmaking system. However, its impact on human rights in this context may be negative, limiting the freedom of choice, privacy and secrecy of correspondence. To protect human rights, the author recommends using automation tools only as additional measure, but not as substitute. The conclusion raises the question of what consequences can occur for people if artificial intelligence, integrated into law-making activities, can become aware of itself. Scope of the results: this work can be interested to both lawmakers and society as a whole, as it raises basic issues of human rights protection in the context of global digitalization.

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